Belayneh Kefale

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Verified

Belayneh verified their affiliation via an institutional email.

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• BPharm, MSc
• PhD Student at University of Tasmania

Background: Hospitalisation offers an opportunity for medication review and correction, yet it has received little attention. We aimed to evaluate oral anticoagulant (OAC) use in patients with atrial fibrillation at hospital admission and discharge and determine whether hospitalisation improves care. Methods: We conducted an observational study at...

Background Globally, about 18 million people died from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in 2019, over three-quarters in developing countries. Non-adherence to medication in CVD patients causes hospitalization, worsened symptoms, higher healthcare costs, and more emergency visits. Hence, this study aimed to assess treatment satisfaction and medication...

Aim Although pharmacist-led interventions in anticoagulant (AC) therapy are widely accepted, there is a lack of evidence comparing their effectiveness to usual care in terms of AC therapy appropriateness and clinical outcomes. We aimed to estimate the comparative effectiveness of pharmacist-led interventions on the appropriateness and clinical outc...

Background: Opioid use is a major global public health problem, affecting 16 million individuals worldwide. According to a 2023 WHO report, out of the 600,000 substance-related deaths worldwide, 80% were attributed to opioid use. Pharmacists play a vital role in reducing unnecessary opioid exposure while facilitating access to non-opioid alternativ...

Background Medicines are maintained at home for several reasons. However, irrational household storage of medicines is a universal public health problem, causing significant harm to health and the healthcare system. Objective This study aimed to assess home drug use and storage practices among the residents of XX Town, XX. Method A cross-sectiona...

A B S T R A C T Introduction: Traditional healers in Ethiopia use medicinal plants to manage human ailments. The aim of this review was to compile a comprehensive document on medicinal plants so far studied by ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological surveys in Ethiopia. Methods: Literatures published from 2010 to 2022 specifically on ethnobotanical...

Introduction Data on colorectal cancer (CRC) patients’ thorough management practices and medication-related harms (MRH) are scarce. This study’s aim was to investigate the MRHs in patients receiving CRC chemotherapy at the comprehensive specialized hospital of the University of Gondar (UoGCSH). Methods A registry-based retrospective cohort study w...

Background Patients have explicit desire for quality services when they visit health institutions. Patient satisfaction is a primary means of measuring the effectiveness of healthcare delivery. However, inadequate discovery of their needs may result in patient dissatisfaction. Patients who are satisfied with pharmaceutical care are likely to adhere...

Background: Health economic evaluation identifies, measures, values, and compares alternative strategies to efficiently allocate scarce resources. The validity, methodological quality, and generalizability of economic evaluations must be assessed, as poorly designed studies can lead to incorrect conclusions. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate...

Micronutrient deficiency has serious consequences across all ages worldwide, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Poor micronutrient (MN) consumption among children remains a major public health concern in many countries. Low literacy, poor diets, a lack of access to healthcare, and insufficient agricultural productivity made proper micronutrient co...

Introduction: Though drugs play indispensable role in the treatment of cervical cancer, they are associated with medication-related problems (MRPs). Hence, the present study was aimed to investigate MRPs among patients with cervical cancer. Methods: A hospital-based retrospective study was employed at the oncology center of University of Gondar...

Background Self-medication (SM) is the use of drugs or herbs to treat self-diagnosed physical ailments or symptoms without consulting a healthcare professional. It plays a great role in daily life and common in the healthcare system around the globe, especially in developing countries. Due to their expertise, health science students are also predic...

Background Even though the total fertility rate (TFR) has decreased significantly over the past decades in many countries, it has remained stable in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. However, there is variation among the sub-regions and inhabitants of SSA. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of demographic and health surveys (...

Background Even though numerous factors contribute to undernutrition, it can happen immediately due to poor intake and illness. A minimum acceptable diet is one of the proxy measures for adequate consumption, which is an impact indicator for the Productive SafetyNet Program (PSNP). As a result, this study aimed to assess the impact of PSNP on the m...

Background:Patients have explicit desires for quality services when they visit health institutions. Patient satisfaction is a primary means of measuring the effectiveness of healthcare delivery. However, inadequate discovery of their needs may result in patient dissatisfaction. Patients who are satisfied with pharmaceutical care are likely to adher...

Objective: Despite the fact that cancer patients are highly susceptible to drug-related problems due to the effects of cytotoxic agents, data are limited due to a lack of studies on those patients. Hence, we aimed to investigate drug-related problems among patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Method: A registry-based cross-sectional study was...

Though both neuropathy and fibromyalgia are serious complications that cause widespread pain, distinguishing between the two in order to provide adequate care is difficult. Metabolic disorders, chemotherapy, and neurotoxic exposure are frequently reported with neuropathic pain, whereas inflammatory and musculoskeletal diseases are associated with f...

Introduction In cervical cancer therapy, there is a high prevalence of drug-related problems (DRPs) due to the high toxicity and complexity of most antineoplastic regimens. However, there is a paucity of data about DRPs among patients with cervical cancer in Ethiopia. Hence, the present study was aimed at investigating management practices and DRPs...

Objective: Even though antibiotic resistance is one of the most serious threats to global public health, it is becoming more common due to inappropriate antibiotic prescribing patterns. Thus, the purpose of this study is to assess antibiotic prescribing patterns among inpatients at an Ethiopian comprehensive specialized hospital. Methods: An insti...

Many endoparasites are still considered neglected tropical illnesses. The term “endoparasites” refers to infections caused by both helminths and protozoa. In many places in Ethiopia, particularly Debre Tabor, epidemiological data on the prevalence and associated variables of endoparasites among under-five children is unavailable. Thus, the aim of t...

Background Different evidence suggested that couples often disagree about the desirability of pregnancy and the use of contraceptives. Increased women's decision-making on contraceptives is identified as a key solution that can change the prevailing fertility and contraceptive utilization pattern in SSA. Therefore, this study aimed to determine det...

Introduction By measuring patients’ satisfaction, providers can gain insight into several elements of health care services, including the effectiveness of their care and the level of empathy they exhibit. The aim of this study was to assess patient satisfaction with pharmaceutical services and associated factors in public hospitals located in North...

Background Substantial global progress has been made in reducing under-five mortality since 1990, yet progress is insufficient to meet the sustainable development goal of 2030 which calls for ending preventable child deaths. There are disproportional survivals among children in the world. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the Survival status of...

Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a highly contagious viral infection that has spread to every corner of the world. Lack of knowledge among healthcare providers (HCPs) about diseases such as COVID-19 may delay the diagnosis, disease spread, and produce poor infection control practices. Hence, this systematic review aimed to summarize...

Background. Substances mainly khat, alcohol and cigarette are used during pregnancy in Ethiopia. However, to this date, there is no pooled evidence about the burden of adverse neonatal outcomes among the substance users during pregnancy in the country. Methods. Eligible primary studies were accessed from 4 international data bases (Google Scholar,...

Background. The prevalence and incidence rate of epilepsy were found to be higher in low- and middle-income countries. Uncontrolled epilepsy has a high risk of disability, stigma, discrimination, human rights violations, and premature death. The available studies of controlled seizure in Ethiopia have showed inconsistent results which calls for sys...

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common complex entity that has emerged as a worldwide epidemic and major public health concern. The incidence of MetS often parallels the incidence of obesity and it is even worst among people living with comorbidities like; HIV/AIDS, hypertension, and mental illness. Therefore, there was an urgent need...

Background Sleep is a physiologic necessity for all humankind. Pregnant women, in particular, need adequate sleep to develop their fetuses as well as save energy required for delivery. A change in sleep quality and quantity is the most common phenomena during pregnancy due to mechanical and hormonal factors. However, there is a scarcity of data abo...

Introduction Inappropriate drug utilization may reduce the best possible benefits of drug therapy, and patients may not be cured, they may be exposed to toxicity, and medications may be wasted. The aim of this study is to assess household-level drug utilization practices and their associated factors. Methods A cross-sectional community-based study...

Introduction: Vitamin D status is related to risks of influenza and respiratory tract infec�tions. Vitamin D has direct antiviral effects primarily against enveloped viruses, and cor�onavirus is an enveloped virus. The 2019 coronavirus disease had a high mortality rate and impacted the whole population of the planet, with severe acute respiratory s...

Background Stroke is becoming a leading cause of death and adult disability in the developing world. Objective The objective of the study was to assess the clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, and its predictors among stroke patients admitted to Ambo University Referral Hospital (AURH), West Ethiopia. Methods All 111 stroke patients hosp...

Objectives This study aimed to assess the clinical pattern and predictors of stroke treatment outcomes among hospitalised patients in Felege Hiwot comprehensive specialised hospital (FHCSH) in northwest Ethiopia. Design A retrospective cross-sectional study. Setting The study was conducted medical ward of FHCSH. Participants The medical records of...

Background Happiness is the most indicator of good quality of life particularly for pregnant women. Reduced happiness of pregnant women can result in reduced maternal health services utilization and can result in adverse newborn and maternal outcomes. Assessing the level of happiness and its factors are important for pregnant women and the next gen...

Background Globally, pre-school children are the most at-risk population groups for vitamin A deficiency (VAD). The 2009 World Health Organization (WHO) report stated that one-third (190 million) of pre-school children worldwide are deficient in vitamin A. Both clinical and subclinical VAD have been a long-standing problem in developing countries....

Emerging evidence shows that the recent pandemic of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is characterized by coagulation activation and endothelial dysfunction. This increases the risk of morbidity, mortality and economic loss among COVID-19 patients. Therefore, there was an urgent need to investigate the extent and risk factors of thromboembolism amo...

Objective Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the leading causes of hospital-acquired infection among hospitalized patients. It causes significant health problems and results in an extended length of hospital stay, increased cost, and increased patient morbidity and mortality. To prevent the development of SSI, surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (...

Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with hypertension are at high risk of drug therapy problems since they are subject to receive multiple drug therapies due to comorbidities. Objectives To determine the magnitude of drug therapy problems and its determinants among Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with hypertension. Methods A cross-se...

Objective Even though life-threatening complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) minimize through self-care practice, extensive studies in northeast Ethiopia have been scarce about self-care practice and predictors. This study aimed to assess diabetes self-care predictors among patients with T2DM patients at Dubti and Assaita hospitals in no...

Abstract: Medication-related problems (MRPs) are an important healthcare problem. This study aimed at reviewing the published literature in Ethiopia to estimate the prevalence of MRPs and to summarize associated factors. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Google databases from ince...

Medication‐related problems (MRPs) are an important healthcare problem. This study aimed at reviewing the published literature in Ethiopia to estimate the prevalence of MRPs and to summarize associated factors. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Google databases from inception to A...

Background: The herbal medicine practitioners in Ethiopia have used a wide range of medicinal plants as antidiarrheal agents. Among these, Ruta chalepensis and Vernonia amygdalina were claimed to have antidiarrheal activity in Ethiopian folklore medicine. Hence, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the antidiarrheal activity of the crude e...

Background The global burden of road injuries is known to follow complex geographical, temporal and demographic patterns. While health loss from road injuries is a major topic of global importance, there has been no recent comprehensive assessment that includes estimates for every age group, sex and country over recent years. Methods We used resul...

background The global burden of road injuries is known to follow complex geographical, temporal and demographic patterns. While health loss from road injuries is a major topic of global importance, there has been no recent comprehensive assessment that includes estimates for every age group, sex and country over recent years. Methods We used result...

Background: Understanding the patterns of HIV/AIDS epidemics is crucial to tracking and monitoring the progress of prevention and control efforts in countries. We provide a comprehensive assessment of the levels and trends of HIV/AIDS incidence, prevalence, mortality, and coverage of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for 1980-2017 and forecast these est...

Background: Although stroke has been consistently reported as one of the three leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the past few years in Ethiopia, there is a paucity of data regarding to stroke treatment outcomes and associated factors. Hence, this study was aimed to assess management practice, and treatment outcome and its associated fact...

EVIDENCE REVIEW We used the GBD study estimation methods to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). Results are presented at the national level as well as by Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income, educational attainment, and total fer...

EVIDENCE REVIEW We used the GBD study estimation methods to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). Results are presented at the national level as well as by Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income, educational attainment, and total fer...

Background: seizures and their consequences contribute to the burden of epilepsy because they can cause health loss (premature mortality and residual disability). Data on the burden of epilepsy are needed for health-care planning and resource allocation. The aim of this study was to quantify health loss due to epilepsy by age, sex, year, and locati...

Background Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide and the economic costs of treatment and post-stroke care are substantial. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic, comparable method of quantifying health loss by disease, age, sex, year, and location to provide information...

Supplement to: GBD 2016 Neurology Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurol 2019; published online March 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30499-X.

Introduction Quality of life (QoL) is increasingly being considered as an important measure of how disease affects patients’ lives, especially for long-term diseases like chronic kidney disease (CKD). Even though there is no statistically significant association between stages of CKD and QoL, it is decreased in patients with early stages of the dis...

Structured questionnaire and data abstraction format. (DOCX)

Chronic kidney disease is a progressive, irreversible decline in renal function in which the body’s ability to maintain metabolic and fluid and electrolyte balance fails, resulting in uremia or azotemia. It is not a single disease and associated with different medical conditions such as diabetes, hypertension and anemia; Even though it is caused by...

Background. Adverse efects from antiretroviral therapy (ART) have an impact on quality of life and medication adherence. Tere is no clear understanding of how people manage the adverse efects of ART. Te individual taking medications which cause serious adverse efects may choose to stop or reduce the medications to relieve the adverse efects. Hence,...

Introduction Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a complicated interrelationship with other diseases and major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Therapeutic management for CKD patients is complicated due to co-morbidities and dominant risk factors of CKD. Non-adherence to treatment is an increasing problem for patients with CKD and it has not be...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess knowledge, attitudes and practice of medical doctors in some selected public hospitals towards Clinical Pharmacy Services in Ethiopia. Methodology: Cross sectional study design was employed to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of medical doctors towards clinical pharmacy services. The study...

T he availability of large number of medicines and the constant efflux of new information make them practically impossible for any health care professional to be updated in all aspects. This leads to the emergency of the concept of pharmaceutical care. The role of clinical pharmacists in the hospital setting have the potential to positively impact...

Abstract Objectives: the purpose of this study was to assess’ intention to stop Khat chewing and associated factors among khat chewers in Dessie city, North eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Dessie city by using both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection. The sample size for quanti...

The availability of large number of medicines and the constant efflux of new information make them practically impossible for any health care professional to be updated in all aspects. This leads to the emergency of the concept of pharmaceutical care. The role of clinical pharmacists in the hospital setting have the potential to positively impact t...

Despite lack of scientific evidence about the safety of some medications, the reported use of medications during pregnancies has increased. This may lead to adverse reproductive outcomes, due to potential risk to the mother and the fetus. In contexts of most developing countries including our country Ethiopia, it is difficult to elucidate medicatio...

Background: Ebola virus disease (EVD) is caused by Ebola viruses (EBOV), members of the group of hemorrhagic fevers and it is one of the most dangerous infection diseases with mortality rates up to 90%. Ebola was firstly described in 1976 and since then occurred sporadically in Central Africa. Till 2014, twenty four outbreaks were described, but th...

Abstract: Injection is an infusion method of putting drugs or fluids in to the body with a hollow needle and a syringe. The use of injection for treatment accompanied with variety of disadvantages including sepsis at administration, risk of tissue toxicity, costly difficulties in correcting the error. Injections are very expensive compared to other...

Introduction: Meningitis is defined as inflammation of the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. Acute bacterial meningitis is a serious infection and is associated with considerable mortality and morbidity in various parts of the world. It has a global epidemiology but sub-Saharan Africa bears the highest burden of the disease. The mo...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease mainly characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both and affects metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Achieving best practice in management of chronic diseases such as diabetes, which requires long duration of treatment and multiple...

Background Irrational use of this drug leads to emergence of resistant bacteria and also leads to infections that are worse than the original diagnosed ones. Important concern is the uncertainty of administered antibiotics about whether the quality of a generic medicine is equal to brand name drug; if both brand/generic are bioequivalent, then anti...

Hypertension (HTN), or high blood pressure (systolic blood pressure >140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure >90 mmHg) is an overwhelming global challenge which ranks third as a cause of disability-adjusted life-year. Hypertension causes 7.1 million premature deaths each year worldwide and accounts for 13% of all deaths globally. There are effective...

available at the later settings in one of the largest town in Ethiopia; Ambo town. Descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at 15 community pharmacy settings found in the town from April to June 2014 including 255 clients. Dispensing practices were evaluated using WHO standards for dispensing. Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 20.0. Out o...

Abstract Background: Young people between the age of 15 and 24 years are both the most threatened globally, accounting for half of all new cases of HIV and the greatest hope for turning the tide against AIDS. Ethiopia is among the highly HIV/AIDS infected and affected countries with 790,000 HIV patients in the world in general and the region in pa...

Epilepsy, a chronic condition defined as two or more recurrent, unprovoked seizures, which has the highest incidence at the end of life. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are primary therapeutic mode for epilepsy. AED treatment has been demonstrated to control seizure, which decreases morbidity and mortality associated with epilepsy. Nevertheless, the ris...

In this work six 3-aryl-2-(substituted styryl)-4(3H)-quinazolinones derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of 3-aryl-2-methyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone (intermediate products)with different substituted aromatic aldehydes. Three intermediate products were synthesized by reacting 2-methyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, which was initially prepared by cyclizin...

Background: Social drug include all substances and chemicals that act in the central nervous system, leaving the individual dependent upon prolonged use. College students are at higher risk of substance abuse. Since this is a serious problem to the individual users, the community and the country as whole, this problem has to be researched. Objectiv...

Back ground: Breastfeeding is an important public health strategy for improving infant and child morbidity and mortality, improving maternal morbidity, and helping to control health care costs. The World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) recommend that every infant should be exclusively breastfed for the first si...

The person with diabetes mellitus has a chronic lifelong disease, the person must be knowledgeable to coordinate life style modification in to a daily routine of work to achieve and maintain normal physiological blood glucose level. The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices of LSM management of type 2 diabet...

Back ground: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycemia. Half century ago hydrochlorothiazide has been associated with a diagnosis of diabetes in hypertension treatment containing hydrochlorothiazide during long term therapy. This explained by association between glucose, potassium, and...