
Behzad NayebiAmirkabir University of Technology | TUS · Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering
Behzad Nayebi
PhD in Materials Science and Engineering
Advanced Materials and Technology Developer
About
79
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Introduction
With a Ph.D. degree in Materials Science and Engineering from Amirkabir University of Technology, Behzad has been deeply immersed in various facets of research and academia throughout his career.
His research endeavors encompass a diverse array of topics, including Ultrahigh Temperature Ceramics and Composites, Advanced Sintering Methods, Powder Metallurgy, Advanced Lightweight Alloys, and Porous Materials, and recently, Magnesium alloys.
Additional affiliations
Education
September 2006 - August 2009
September 2001 - September 2006
Publications
Publications (79)
Microstructure evolutions of ZrB2–30 vol% SiC composites, prepared by hot pressing at different processing temperatures (1700, 1850 and 2000 °C) for 30 min under 10 MPa, were investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The microstructures of the fabricated composites were compared to...
Mg-Zn-Ca-Mn materials micro-alloyed by Gd, Nd, Ce, and La rare-earth and Sr alkaline elements were developed. Optical and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, tensile test, immersion, and electrochemical tests were applied to analyze microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior. While the development of the...
The use of ultra-high temperature ceramics (UHTCs) as a novel additive in the refractory industry is becoming increasingly popular. However, the synthesis of such materials is associated with some commercial obstacles, mainly high-temperature synthesis methods. In the present study, the pyro-vacuum method is presented as a new method to decrease th...
With the growing interest in lightweight materials, magnesium and its alloys have received substantial attention for replacing existing alloys. After investigating the mechanical alloying process of Mg-Ca alloys and determining the optimum parameters for milling in part I of this study, the current research aims to examine the second step: the sint...
The effects of Ca addition on the microstructure and oxidation properties of a new Mg alloy were studied. The oxidation behavior of the alloys was analyzed by thermal analysis and material characterization of the alloys exposed in flame environment; and both electrical and induction furnaces. Moreover, the surface layers were characterized using fi...
Sintering behavior and mechanical properties induced by the interfacial phenomena through the pressureless sintering of porous stainless steel 316L containing Sn additive were investigated. The powder mixtures contained 0 to 6 wt.% Sn were uniaxial cold pressed up to 400 MPa and then, sintered under the nitrogen atmosphere at various temperatures (...
A novel Mg-0.7Ca alloy was prepared by the mechanical alloying (MA) process. Different variables were examined in order to obtain the optimum sample with the best milling behavior and potential sinterability. The structural studies were carried out using X-ray Diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Crystallite size and lattice...
MgO-based ceramic layers were in-situ synthesized on a novel Mg-based substrate via plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO). To investigate the effects of electrolyte composition on the morphological characteristics of the obtained layers, three different ion arrangements were applied. Morphological investigations via scanning electron microscopy and e...
ZrB2-TiC composites with and without nano-sized carbon black as the sintering additive were densified through spark plasma sintering at 1900 °C for 7 minutes under the applied pressure of 40 MPa. The role of carbon black in densification behavior, phase arrangement, microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of the sintered composite...
Environmental issues pertaining to global warming and pollution have become a global concern and solutions are, therefore, being urgently sought with a wide ranging application of suitable entity to minimize the energy consumption while curbing associated economic costs. Prussian blue (PB) (Fe43+[Fe2+(CN)6]3) and its PB analogous (PBA) (A2T[M(CN)6]...
Several core–shell nanosphere chains were observed in the electron beam melted Ti–48Al–2Cr–2Nb samples. The formation mechanism of such core–shell nanospheres, induced by Al vaporization, during the electron beam melting of γ-TiAl was investigated using the HRTEM, FESEM, STEM, and XRD analyses. The solidification of TiAl/Ti3Al lamellae, in the vici...
A novel TiB2-based composite, with metallic vanadium and nano-graphite additives, was fabricated by spark plasma sintering. A comprehensive investigation was carried out to clarify the sintering behavior and interfacial phenomena. The in-situ synthesis of crystalline V3B4, V6C5, and TiC phases was proved. The formation of V6C5 was attributed to the...
A TiB2–Ti3AlC2 ceramic was manufactured by spark plasma sintering at 1900 °C temperature for 7 min soaking time under 30 MPa biaxial pressure. The role of Ti3AlC2 additive on the microstructure development, densification behavior, phase evolution, and hardness of the ceramic composite were studied. The phase characterization and microstructural inv...
ZrB2-based composites were consolidated through reactive spark plasma sintering of the powder mixtures containing relatively 5 vol.% of metallic Zr particles, and graphite flakes (GF) or carbon nanotubes (CNT) as the carbon source, with the aim of ZrC in-situ synthesis in ZrB2 matrix. Microstructural and phase analyses indicated that GFs cannot res...
Boron nitride (BN) supported palladium (Pd) nanostructured catalyst, as an alternative support for heterogeneous reduction of nitrobenzene derivatives, was prepared by a mild reduction of a Pd precursor in water. The structural characteristics and distribution of the synthesized Pd nanoparticles (NPs) on BN support were investigated by transmission...
A near fully-dense ZrB2–ZrC composite was produced by SPS of ZrB2, Zr, and graphite powders. Advanced electron microscopy characterization was used to investigate the densification and sintering mechanisms, as well as the interfacial phenomena. Mechanical properties were studied through nano-indentation. The synthesis of ZrC is mainly controlled by...
ZrB2 matrix composites toughened with in-situ formed ZrC were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) utilizing ZrB2/ZrO2/graphite powder mixtures at 1900 °C for 7 min under 40 MPa load. Different amounts of graphite nano-flakes (3, 6, and 9 wt%) were added to ZrB2–20 vol% ZrO2 aiming in-situ formation of ZrC reinforcement. Clean ZrB2/ZrC interf...
A novel ZrB2–Ti3AlC2 composite was densified using spark plasma sintering at 1900 °C under pressure of 30 MPa for 7 min. The effect of Ti3AlC2 MAX phase on the densification behavior, microstructural evolutions, phase arrangement, and mechanical properties of the composite were investigated. The phase analysis and microstructural studies revealed t...
Effect of calcium (Ca) addition in a novel magnesium (Mg) alloy including zinc, aluminum,
and manganese from multimodal approaches was investigated to achieve a high strength
and low corrosion rate material. Tensile and compression tests were carried out to
measure the mechanical properties and precise analysis such as hydrogen evolution,
weight lo...
This study investigates the effect of Zr and C co-addition on the spark plasma sintered ZrB2-5 vol% Zr/graphite composites. Spark plasma sintering method was applied to consolidate and reinforce the composites by in-situ synthesis of ZrC through a chemical reaction between metallic Zr and graphite precursors. The effect of sintering temperature on...
Solid solution formation, phase evolution, microstructure development, and mechanical behavior of ZrB2–TiC composites with/without carbon fiber additive were investigated. Fully dense composites were manufactured by spark plasma sintering route under 40 MPa load at 1900 °C for 420 s. FESEM and XRD studies were carried out to unveil the densificatio...
Monolithic titanium and composites doped with 0.24, 0.48, 0.96 and 1.92 wt.% B4C were sintered by SPS method at 1200 °C for 5 min under 50 MPa. The effect of B4C as a sintering aid on sintering behavior, microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. The maximum relative density of 99.93% was obtained for the sample d...
The densification behavior and toughening mechanisms of ZrB2-based composites with in-situ formed ZrC were investigated. The composites were spark plasma sintered at 1700 °C for 7 minutes under the applied pressure of 40 MPa. Metallic zirconium and graphite flakes were used as precursors to achieve ZrC reinforcement. Microstructural and phase analy...
Densification and mechanical behavior of graphite-free and graphite-doped ZrB2–TiC composites were investigated. Spark plasma sintering was used to achieve near fully-dense composites. Microstructural and phase analysis were carried out via scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, to illustrate the sintering and toughening m...
Spark plasma sintering was employed for the fabrication of ZrB2–V–C composites at different consolidation temperatures (1800, 1900 and 2000 °C) using an external pressure of 40 MPa for 7 min under vacuum atmosphere. Vanadium powders and graphite nano-flakes were applied as metallic and carbonaceous sinter additives, respectively, in the ZrB2 matrix...
This study investigates the cracking behavior of oxide layers formed on molten metals and alloys including pure zinc, Zn–4 wt%Al (ZAMAK3) and Al–(0.5–2) wt%Ca in dynamic oxidation condition by injecting gas bubbles into the molten metal during the pouring process. The crack characteristics of the oxide layers were studied using a field emission sca...
In this work, ZrB2–20 vol% TiC composites containing 1 wt% of various nano-sized carbon additives (carbon fiber, carbon black, graphite and CNT) were prepared by route of spark plasma sintering (SPS) process at 1900 °C for 7 min under 40 MPa. The effects of nano-sized carbon allotropes on the mechanical properties (Vickers hardness and fracture tou...
Spark plasma sintering was applied on ZrB2–25vol.% SiC composites doped with 2, 4 and 6 wt.% vanadium at 1900 °C for 7 minutes under 40 MPa pressure. A comprehensive microstructure-mechanical properties correlation study was carried out on the obtained near-fully dense composites. The composite samples were microstructurally studied via scanning el...
Nano-sized graphite was used as a dopant for fabrication of ZrB2–SiC ceramic via spark plasma sintering at 1800 °C for 8 min under 35 MPa. As-sintered composite was characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, STEM, TEM and nanoindentation in order to study the micro/nanostructure and mechanical properties of the sample. A near fully-dense ternary composite was...
Hybrid ZrB2-based composite having 10 vol% nano-sized carbon black and 20 vol% SiC was fabricated by vacuum hot pressing at 1850 °C under 20 MPa for 60 min. The microstructure and sinterability of the as-sintered ceramic was studied by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray spectroscopy, scanning transmission electron microsc...
Crystallization kinetics of lithium aluminosilicate glass powder has been investigated by model-free and model–fitting methods. Non-isothermal experiments were carried out using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to monitor crystallization behavior. Model-free activation energy has been calculated based on Ozawa-Flynn-wall (OFW), Kissinger-Aka...
Ti-TiB2 composites were fabricated from powder mixtures via spark plasma sintering method. Mechanical behavior of the sintered composites were then investigated via both routine and nanoindentation methods. Results indicated a significant increase in ultimate tensile strength and hardness of the composite, when the sintering temperature is raised....
In this research, we investigated the effects of SiC and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) addition on the densification and microstructure of titanium nitride (TiN) ceramics. Four samples including monolithic TiN, TiN-5wt% MWCNTs, TiN-20 vol% SiC and TiN-20 vol% SiC-5 wt% MWCNTs were prepared by spark plasma sintering at 1900˚C for 7 min under...
A novel technique with a ring-shaped water-cooled copper tube was used to study dynamic oxidation on melts of pure zinc, Zn4Al and ZA27. The thickness of the oxide layers was estimated by kinetic and thermodynamic calculations and measured using scanning electron microscopy on cross sections and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS). The most...
The influences of calcium content on thickening stage, dynamic oxidation and subsequent formation of cell walls in closed-cell aluminum foams were investigated by both precise thermodynamic and experimental studies. A novel technique was also used for the sample preparation, and the compendious characterization by transmission electron microscopy....
The development of a novel ZrB2–VB2–ZrC composite using ZrB2, vanadium and graphite nano-flake powders via reactive spark plasma sintering was studied. The in-situ formation of VB2 and ZrC enhance the densification, sinterability and mechanical properties. A relative density of 99.17% was achieved for ZrB2–20 vol% VB2–20 vol% ZrC composite after RS...
The interfacial behavior of spark plasma sintered ZrB2–SiC nanocomposite doped with graphene nano-platelets was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A powder mixture including ZrB2 matrix, 20 vol% SiC and 10 vol% graphene was used as the starting material. X-ray diffraction analysis did not exhibit any in situ phase formation in...
Taguchi design of experiments methodology was used to determine the most influential spark plasma sintering (SPS) parameters on densification of TiB2–SiC ceramic composites. In this case, four processing factors (SPS temperature, soaking time, applied external pressure and SiC particle size) at three levels were examined in order to acquire the opt...
This review presents the recent achievements on carbon additives incorporated in ZrB2 ceramics, improved properties, and their advancements. Monolithic ZrB2 ceramics have broad potential applications, but their critical drawbacks such as poor damage tolerance, and weak oxidation and ablation resistance confines their applicability. It is an importa...
Co1-xMgxFe2O4 nanoparticles with x values 0, 0.5 and 1 were synthesized using microwave assisted combustion method and subsequent heat treatment. The stoichiometric mixture of Co(NO3)2.6H2O, Fe(NO3)2.9H2O, Zn(NO3)2.6H2O and urea were used as the fuel additive. The structural, morphological and magnetic properties of synthesized nanoparticles were t...
ZrB2–SiC composite ceramics were doped with 0, 1, 3 and 5 wt.% Si3N4 plus 1.6 wt.% carbon (pyrolized phenolic resin) as sintering aids and fabricated by hot pressing process under a relatively low pressure of 10 MPa at 1900 °C for 2 h. For a comparative study, similar ceramic compositions were also prepared by pressureless sintering route in the sa...
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In this paper, ZrB2–SiC composites doped with 0, 3 and 6 wt.% Si3N4 were prepared by a low pressure hot pressing as well as a pressureless sintering techniques at 1900 ℃ for 2 h. The effect of silicon nitride using on the sinterability and microstructure development of such ceramic composites was studied. The results revealed that 6 wt.% Si3N4 can...
The influences of processing variables on densification, grain growth and hardness of hot pressed ZrB2-based composites, reinforced with different amounts of SiC and short carbon fibers (Csf), were investigated. Taguchi methodology was employed as the design of experiments to study the properties of ZrB2–SiC–Csf composites. Hot pressing parameters...
A new coating process is offered to produce a coating layer on Fe plate by the mechanical milling process. In this paper, the Cu and Ni were applied over a steel substrate in the room temperature and under the environment atmosphere using the crushing balls in different milling times for samples (Ni-30% Cu) in order to make coat. Bilateral entrance...
In densifying non-oxide high temperature ceramics like TiB2, the amount of sinter-aid critically determine the microstructural developments and consequently the mechanical properties. In this perspective, the present work is carried out to assess the feasibility whether SiC whiskers (SiCw) addition (up to 30 vol.%) can potentially improve the physi...
In this work, ZrB2–SiC ceramic composites were fabricated by hot pressing process, using nano-sized (100 nm) SiAlON powder as the sintering aid. In this way, different SiAlON contents (0, 3 and 6 wt. %), were added to ZrB2–25 vol. % SiC powder mixtures and after the mixing process were consolidated by hot pressing. The samples were sintered at the...
The influences of hot pressing parameters (sintering temperature, soaking time and applied external pressure) and amount of SiC addition as the reinforcement phase on the indentation fracture toughness (KIC) of ZrB2–SiC composites were investigated. A design of experiment approach by the Taguchi methodology was used to optimize the processing param...
Calcium is the primary agent used to enhance the apparent viscosity of molten aluminium, in order to stabilize the foam structure in liquid metal foaming process. It is also known as an effective silicon modifier in Al-Si alloys. Behind the favourable operations of the calcium, its negative effects on the oxidation behaviour of aluminium alloys thr...
In this research the in-situ TiB reinforced titanium matrix composite was fabricated by spark plasma sintering process at 1050 ⁰C under 50 MPa pressure. The effect of TiB 2 addition on the densification behavior of pure titanium was investigated based on the analysis of microstructural characteristics and current data obtained during spark plasma s...
In this study, silica fiber was coated successfully with porous titania via a sol-gel method using amphiphilic triblock copolymer (P123) as a template and tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) as titanium source. In the first synthesis step a stable TiO2 solution was prepared and then coated on silica fiber. The sample was characterized with wide angle X-ray di...
The micro/nanostructual development, sintering process and its controlling mechanisms as well as the interfaces between ZrB2 and B4C particles were investigated using high resolution SEM, XRD and TEM analyses in a hot pressed ZrB2–40 vol. % B4C ceramic composite. Two types of porosities (open and closed) were observed in the microstructure of fabri...
ZrB 2–SiC composites were fabricated by hot pressing with various nano-carbons (nano-graphite, nano-graphene, nano-carbon black and carbon nanotube) in order to scrutinize the densification and mechanical properties. Microstructure analyses show that the grain size of the sintered samples highly depends on the nano-carbon morphology. Hot pressed sa...
The effects of different contents of nano-sized AlN (0, 3, 6 wt.%) on the densification behavior and the microstructure of ZrB2– 25 vol% SiC particulate composites at 1900 ℃ for 2 hr under a of 15 MPa have been investigated. It was shown that the addition of AlN widely leads to modification of the powder sinterability as well as achieving the nearl...
ZrB2-based ultra-high temperature composites reinforced with SiC and nano-ZrO2 particles were hot pressed. Taguchi method was used in order to investigate the effect of ZrO2/SiC volume ratio as well as the hot pressing parameters on the mechanical behavior of the composites. The significance of each parameter over the relative density and Vickers h...
Monolithic zirconium diboride ceramic as well as ZrB2–20 vol% SiC and ZrB2–20 vol% SiC–10 vol% carbon nanotube ceramic matrix composites were hot pressed at 1850 ºC for 60 min under 20 MPa. The effects of adding carbon nanotubes on the densification process, microstructural development, and mechanical properties of ZrB2–SiC were investigated. The r...
Morphological characterization of short-time (new) oxide layers in commercially pure cast-aluminum.
ZrB2–SiC composites doped with 0, 1, 3 and 5 wt% SiAlON were prepared by hot pressing (under a low pressure of 10 MPa) and pressureless sintering processes at 1900 °C for 2 hours. A fractographical approach was employed to investigate the effects of SiAlON addition on the densification behavior in such ceramic composites. Several reported chemical...
Due to their high temperature stability and hardness, ZrB2-B4C composites have drawn attention of researchers in recent years. Although several studies have been conducted on the properties of ZrB2-B4C composites at high sintering temperatures (>2200 °C), there is little information about their sintering process and densification at temperatures be...
ZrB2 -25 vol. % SiC composites were fabricated by hot pressing with a various SiC particle size (20 nm, 200 nm, and 2 µm) in order to scrutinize the densification process and mechanical properties. Microstructure analyses show that the grain size of the sintered samples highly depends on the SiC particle size. Consolidated samples using nano-sized...
The 3d part of "Metallurgy for Everybody" series, including fundamental aspects about metallic materials.
If a fresh surface of molten aluminum exposes to air, it oxidizes quickly and an oxide layer covers the melt surface. New oxide films formed in a very short time during pouring are thin and folded. Due to melt turbulence, the molten metal surface can fold upon itself and create a double oxide film which seems to be one of the main reasons of crack-...
An official Persian translation of the Prof. John Campbell's 2nd reputed book, "Castings Practice: 10 Rules of Castings"
Questions
Questions (6)
Dear Colleagues;
Would you please share your experiences in ball-milling of fine (50 micrometer) pure magnesium powder?
I am trying to find some polymeric media, which cover and inhibit the powders particle from oxidation (or even combustion) during and after ball-milling process. Is there any suggestion?
Thank you in advance.
A ZrB2-SiC composite doped with silicon nitride has been evaluated by HRXRD.
Some obtained patterns are just showing ZrC phase without any trace peaks of ZrB2 or SiC. Although the formation of ZrC is reasonably possible (mainly in interfaces of ZrB2/ZrB2 and ZrB2/SiC particles), but I just want to know that why some patterns are just consisted of ZrC? Is it due to the point to point diffraction patterns from HRXRD?