
Beatriz González López-ValcárcelUniversity of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria | ULPGC · Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos en Economía y Gestión
Beatriz González López-Valcárcel
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Publications (287)
Background:
The primary cause of antimicrobial resistance is excessive and non-indicated antibiotic use.
Aim:
To evaluate the impact of a multifaceted intervention aimed at various healthcare professionals (HCPs) on antibiotic prescribing and dispensing for common infections.
Design and setting:
Before-and-after study set in general practice,...
Objective:
To estimate the impact of a more equitable pharmaceutical co-payment system by eliminating the distinction between active workers and pensioners, using only personal income as an adjustment parameter, defining more detailed income brackets, and introducing protective limits on personal expenditure.
Method:
Data from a random sample of...
BACKGROUND
Despite the extensive utilization of antibiotics and the growing challenge of antimicrobial resistance, there has been a lack of substantial initiatives aimed at diminishing the prevalence of infections in nursing homes and enhancing the detection of urinary tract infections (UTIs).
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to systematise and enhance e...
Background
Despite the extensive use of antibiotics and the growing challenge of antimicrobial resistance, there has been a lack of substantial initiatives aimed at diminishing the prevalence of infections in nursing homes and enhancing the detection of urinary tract infections (UTIs).
Objective
This study aims to systematize and enhance efforts t...
Background
Diet and physical activity (PA) in childhood are heavily influenced by the living environment. While diet quality follows a socioeconomic pattern, limited evidence is available in relation to PA in children. We assessed the effect of socioeconomic status at the individual (SES) and neighbourhood (NSES) levels on diet and PA among childre...
The independent evaluation report on the performance of the National Health System in the face of the COVID crisis is rigorous, well thought out and well executed. It has benefited from the participation of numerous experts and institutions. The altruistic effort of the coordinators and hundreds of experts, professionals and citizens is noteworthy,...
Government employees in Spain are covered by public Mutual Funds that purchase a uniform basket of benefits, equal to the ones served to the general population, from private companies. Companies apply as private bidders for a fixed per capita premium hardly adjusted by age. Our hypothesis is that this premium does not cover risks, and companies hav...
Virtually all developed countries conduct physician planning exercises. We can learn from successful experiences. The modeling and projection of supply is technically complex, but it is a technical matter, whereas the assessment of demand or need, and therefore the outcome in terms of deficit or surplus, requires standards, usually in population ra...
This article characterizes the main features of the supply, demand, and labor markets for physicians in Spain, with an international and territorial perspective. It also presents some of the results of the simulation model for specialist physicians with a 2035 horizon and proposes strategic and short-term lines of action in the planning, regulation...
Childhood obesity has become a worldwide epidemic in the 21st century. Its treatment is challenging and often ineffective, among others due to complex, often not obvious causes. Awareness of the existence and meaning of psychosocial and environmental risk factors seems to be an essential element in the prevention and treatment of obesity and its co...
Background
The long-standing underrepresentation of women in leadership positions in medicine is well-known, but poorly documented globally. There is some evidence of the gender gap in academia, medical society leadership, or specific problems in some specialties. However, there are no investigations analyzing all medical specialties together and r...
Purpose
We investigate the impact of a specific macroeconomic shock that occurred as a response to the SARS-COV-2 outbreak, namely the strict lockdown imposed in Spain on the March 14, 2020.
Methods
We use fortnightly purchase data relating to over 50,000 households from a supermarket chain in Catalonia from March to June in 2019 and 2020. Using a...
The Great Recession hit Spain deteriorating the living conditions of many Spanish people, increasing the prevalence of several chronic health issues, including obesity, and affecting health inequalities. We analyse the impact of this economic crisis on body mass index (BMI) disparities in Spain, from two perspectives: the socioeconomic and the terr...
Introduction
COVID-19 and obesity relationship has been extensively studied since the COVID-19 outbreak, proving obesity is a risk factor. This study aims to broaden the available information about this association and to evaluate the economic impact of obesity and the COVID-19 disease combination.
Methods
This retrospective study analyzed a sampl...
Close Rigor académico, oficio periodístico Hay muchas voces reclamando suspender "temporalmente" las patentes de vacunas COVID. Estados Unidos (EEUU), la Unión Europea (UE) y Reino Unido (UK), lideran los territorios discordantes. Y, para estupefacción de todos, Biden, con un golpe de efecto, acaba de descolocar al mundo. El giro de EEUU responde a...
The HAPPY PATIENT project is providing healthcare professionals with the necessary communication tools and materials, so they can work together to fight antimicrobial resistance and promote the responsible use of antibiotics. The leaflet explains the goals and overview of the project and provides relevant data regarding the current situation of AMR...
The HAPPY PATIENT communication tools aim to help healthcare professionals and patients make informed decisions about antibiotic use.
One key tool is our educational materials, which can be distributed to patients and their families in clinics, hospitals, and pharmacies.
These materials cover a range of topics, from the risks of antibiotic overus...
Background
The WOmen in MEDicine in Spain (WOMEDS) project (https://womeds.es) aims to detect and measure possible gender bias in different settings of the medical profession in Spain, monitor its evolution over time, and propose measures to reduce it.
Methods
We collected primary data for the calendar year 2019-2021, retrieved from several sources...
We analyze the socioeconomic and political contextual determinants of the burden of disease attributable to three metabolic risks in children: kidney dysfunction, high fasting plasma glucose, and high body-mass index. We use data from 121 countries. We matched data of the Global Burden of Disease project, World Bank and United Nations databases. Th...
Resumen
Se realiza una reflexión en torno a tres grandes palancas para reconstruir el sistema sanitario: la gobernanza, la integración asistencial y la digitalización. España tiene niveles preocupantes de calidad de la democracia y de confianza de la población en sus políticos, y se requieren grandes cambios en la Administración pública para conseg...
Objective:
Objective: The main objective was to carry out a survey on current practices of BP measurement used among health care providers involved in the care of children and adolescents.
Design and method:
Design and methods: A 22 questions survey was released online from September 2, 2021 to September 27, 2021. The survey's link was sent to p...
Background
Excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics is the most important driver of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of the HAPPY PATIENT project is to evaluate the adaptation of European Union (EU) recommendations on the prudent use of antimicrobials in human health by evaluating the impact of a multifaceted intervention targeting different...
España está entre los países más afectados por la pandemia mundial de coronavirus. Después de experimentar, entre abril y junio de 2020, una de las mayores contracciones entre las economías la Unión Europea, ha encabezado la segunda ola de infecciones. Concluido el año 2020 estamos en mejores condiciones para entender cuál ha sido y será el impacto...
Obesity has become a major epidemic in the 21st century. It increases the risk of dyslipidemia, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes, which are known cardiometabolic risk factors and components of the metabolic syndrome. Although overt cardiovascular (CV) diseases such as stroke or myocardial infarction are the domain of adulthood, it is evident that...
BACKGROUND
Disease of the venous system is an underappreciated public health problem. Minimally invasive treatments based on radiofrequency ablation (RFA) or cyano-acrylate adhesive ablation (CA) have almost entirely replaced surgical stripping (SS) of the great and small saphenous veins.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study is to compare the outco...
Objective
Some hormonal and targeted treatment options are available in the first line of metastatic HR+ & HER2- breast cancer. This study aimed to quantify the preferences of Iranian breast cancer patients regarding the levels of attributes of hypothetical treatment options.
Methods
The discrete choice experiment included 16 orthogonally designed...
Background
Fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake is an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Fiscal policies have been recommended to increase F&V consumption, but their potential impact on health and inequalities are not well described.We therefore explored the potential benefits of five different fiscal policies on F&V con...
Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic has hit both the Spanish economy and the population's health hard. The result is an unprecedented economic and social crisis due to uncertainty about the remedy and the socioeconomic effects on people's lives.
Methods:
We performed a retrospective analysis of the macroeconomic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in...
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has hit the Spanish economy hard. The result is an unprecedented economic and social crisis due to uncertainty about the remedy, and due to the socio-economic effects on people’s lives. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the macro-economic impact of COVID-19 in 2020, using the principal indicators of...
Background
In developed countries around the world there is a trend to enhance the public-private collaboration in healthcare. In Spain, a decentralized country with a NHS funded with taxes and universal coverage, commissioning to for-profit private hospitals the production of healthcare services to specific patients that are publicly insured is a...
Purpose
This paper aims to provide an estimation of the costs of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic with a special focus on Spain. Costs include macroeconomic costs of foregone gross domestic product (GDP) attributable to the pandemic and the direct and indirect costs of prevention, treatment and lost productivity. This study also analyzes the cos...
Objectives
To model the potential impact on obesity of removing butter, cheese, and sugar subsidies in the Canary Islands.
Methods
A simulation model was applied based on a local data set of subsidies and retail prices (2007-2016), data on own-price elasticity estimates, and representative nutritional and health surveys. We estimated marginal obes...
It is unclear what the effects of taxes on sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) are on consumer behaviour and which consumers may be affected the most. We evaluate the effect of the SSB tax introduced in Catalonia (but not in the rest of Spain) in May 2017 using loyalty card data of monthly purchases by 900,000 households from May 2016 to April 2018. U...
Objective: Some hormonal and targeted treatment options are available in the first line of metastatic HR1 & HER2-breast cancer. This study aimed to quantify the preferences of Iranian breast cancer patients regarding the levels of attributes of hypothetical treatment options. Methods: The discrete choice experiment included 16 orthogonally designed...
RESUMEN
La pandemia de COVID-19 ha afectado de manera particularmente intensa a España, pese a su nivel de desarrollo y la elogiada solidez de su Sistema Nacional de Salud. Para comprender qué ha pasado e identificar cómo mejorar la respuesta creemos imprescindible una evaluación independiente multidisciplinaria de la esfera sanitaria, política y s...
Objective
We address the hypothesis that the extraordinary sandstorm occurred on 22-24 February 2020 might have a role in the different cumulated incidence of COVID-19 cases between the islands of Tenerife and Gran Canaria, since it obliged to reduce significantly air traffic and forced to suspend all major carnival street events in all most locati...
El presente informe empieza describiendo el contexto y marco laboral de los
recursos humanos en el sector sanitario de España (apartado 2), y la metodología utilizada (apartado 3), así como los aspectos más relevantes de los
sistemas de salud en Europa y España (apartado 4) y una comparación internacional de los niveles generales de salarios (apart...
Background:
Few studies have quantitatively estimated the income elasticity of demand of voluntary private health insurance (VPHI) in countries with a universal National Health Service. Most studies to date have uses cross-sectional data.
Methods:
In this paper we used a longitudinal database from the Bank of Spain to analyse the financial behav...
Objective
This study was aimed at evaluating the appropriateness of use and interpretation of rapid antigen detection testing (RADT) and antibiotic prescribing for acute pharyngitis six years after a multifaceted intervention.
Design
Before-and-after audit-based study.
Location
Primary care centres in eight autonomous Communities.
Participants
G...
This paper analyses risk-integration and the degree of dependence between the Values-at-Risk (VaRs) estimates for the two major pharmaceutical stock markets in the world: USA and China. To do this, we study the dependence and fractional cointegration properties among risks. Using daily returns for an eleven-year period, we estimated the VaRs obtain...
Dossier on Health and Healthcare System, coordinated by V Ortún. Economic Journal of Catalonia, # 81, April 2020.
In this paper we explore the consequences of the economic crisis on the Spanish adult health with special emphasis on the effects of unemployment. We use the conceptual model of Dahlgren and Whitehead. We analyze longitudinal microdata from the Survey of Living Conditions (ECV) 2006-2011 and cross-sectional microdata from the National Health Survey...
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of offering free Wi-Fi on prices and guest satisfaction of accommodation properties in the sharing economy. To that aim, data on all the listings available on the Airbnb platform in Spain were automatically downloaded. These listings were classified in urban and non-urban ones. Based on a final...
Background:
The Canary Islands is one of the Spanish Regions with the highest obesity prevalence, and one of the Autonomous Communities that was hit hard by the economic crisis that arrived to Spain in 2008. This research studies the education-related inequalities in adult obesity in the Canary Islands and their evolution in recent years, consider...
This article provides a critical review of international experiences regarding the professional organization of physicians and the registration of doctors in developed countries. The problems faced by professional medical organizations in the EU-15 countries, Japan, the United States and Canada, are examined. Medical professional groups differ in s...
Objectives
To test the heterogeneity of the effect of a change in pharmaceutical cost-sharing by therapeutic groups in a Spanish region.
Methods
Data: random sample (provided by the Canary Islands Health Service) of 40,471 people covered by the Spanish National Health System (SNHS) in the Canary Islands. The database includes individualised monthl...
Monthly follow-up effect of the cost-sharing on the pharmaceutical consumption by therapeutic groups (without the excluded drugs).
The table contains Difference-in-Difference estimates from linear regression models with robust standard errors. Each cell contains results of the model from different therapeutic groups. All regressions include age and...
Monthly follow-up effect of the cost-sharing change on the pharmaceutical consumption by comorbidities.
The table contains Difference-in-Differences estimates from linear regression models with robust standard errors. Each cell contains results of the model from different therapeutic groups. All regressions include age and age2, and time dummies. W...
Monthly prescription percentage of the excluded drugs from coverage, since September 1st, 2012.
This table only shows those therapeutic groups that contain some medicines included in the list of drugs that changed from a cost-sharing scheme to a payment of 100%, from September 1st, 2012. That is to say, diabetes drugs, gastrointestinal drugs, analg...
Monthly follow-up effect of the cost-sharing change on the pharmaceutical consumption by therapeutic groups (low-income pensioners).
The table contains Difference-in-Differences estimates from linear regression models with robust standard errors. Each cell contains results of the model from different therapeutic groups. All regressions include age...
ZIP file that includes the database text file and an excel file that serves as guide for correctly understand the database variables.
(ZIP)
Zip file that includes an excel file with the Daily Defined Dose variable.
(ZIP)
Monthly follow-up effect of the cost-sharing change on the pharmaceutical consumption by therapeutic groups (middle-income working population).
The table contains Difference-in-Differences estimates from linear regression models with robust standard errors. Each cell contains results of the model from different therapeutic groups. All regressions i...
Introduction: Some hormonal and targeted treatment options are available in the 1st line of metastatic HR+ HER2-breast cancer. This study aimed to quantify the preferences of Iranian breast cancer patients regarding the benefits, costs, risks, and routes of administration of hypothetical treatment options. Methods: The author used a targeted litera...
Aims
Few studies have evaluated the long‐term impact of interventions on antibiotic prescription for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). This study was aimed at evaluating the use of antibiotics prescribed for LRTIs by general practitioners (GP) who underwent a multifaceted intervention carried out six years earlier.
Methods
GPs who had com...
La reciente crisis económica vivida en España, pese al sufrimiento y pérdida de bienestar ocasionadas, no parece haber afectado de una manera severa, al menos a corto plazo, a la mortalidad y la salud autopercibida de la población general. No obstante, sí se ha producido un impacto negativo sobre la salud mental, especialmente entre los varones. As...
Many studies have demonstrated the existence of simple, unidimensional socioeconomic gradients in body mass index (BMI). However, in the present paper we move beyond such traditional analyses by simultaneously considering multiple demographic and socioeconomic dimensions. Using the Spanish National Health Survey 2011–2012, we apply intersectionalit...
Estimated differences between intersectional strata average BMI values and the overall population average BMI.
Predicted strata effects from both models are sorted by values of model 1 from the lowest to the highest values. Values considered conclusive are specified with *. Shaded cells represent the minimum and maximum values of the predicted stra...
Objective:
To measure and assess differences by educational level in the place of death for cancer patients, and to determine whether patterns of geographical disparities are associated with access to palliative care services in the municipality of residence.
Method:
We analysed the death certificates of adults (older than 24) who died of cancer...
Ownership of hospitals matters with respect to financial performance, but the literature on this topic is scarce and largely focussed on for-profit versus non-for-profit hospitals. In contrast, this paper focusses on the for-profit hospital and, specifically, on the insurance companies as hospital dominant shareholders with respect to other types o...
Despite proposed conceptual frameworks of eating behaviors, little is known about environmental factors contributing to changes in food habits. Few studies have reported the external influence of tourism on the inhabitants’ eating patterns. The present study aimed to investigate whether tourism pressure affects Canary Islands inhabitants’ adherence...
In January 2006, the Spanish government enacted a tobacco control law that banned smoking in bars and restaurants, with exceptions depending on the floor space of the premises. In January 2011, further legislation in this area was adopted, removing these exceptions. We analyse the effect produced on cigarette sales by these two bans. We approach th...
Hernández-Quevedo C, Gonzalez Lopez-Valcarcel B, Porta M. Short-term adverse effects of austerity policies on mortality rates: What could their real magnitude be? American Journal of Public Health 2018; 108: 983-985.
The temporal variation in vegetation cover in aeolian sedimentary systems, especially those in arid regions, provides an indication of environmental change. Based on this, the objective of this paper is to design a simple method for classifying the vegetation density of arid aeolian sedimentary systems through the digital processing of aerial image...
Objective
Newcomb-Benford’s Law (NBL) proposes a regular distribution for first digits, second digits and digit combinations applicable to many different naturally occurring sources of data. Testing deviations from NBL is used in many datasets as a screening tool for identifying data trustworthiness problems. This study aims to compare public avail...