About
34
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Introduction
I am currently working with Joshua Aronson in his Mindful Education Lab at NYU. We are designing studies to test the efficacy of various meditation and relaxation regimens for reducing stress and improving learning and behavior in children and adolescents.
Current institution
Education
September 1975 - October 1983
September 1971 - May 1975
Queens College (CUNY)
Field of study
- Psychology
September 1966 - May 1970
Publications
Publications (34)
In this article, I propose a novel theory to explain the possible physiological origins of the relatively mild mental pain that is often labeled as boredom and possibly loneliness or a negative mood, depending on one’s situation. My admittedly speculative hypothesis is that most people in modern societies are beset by a chronic level of diffuse noc...
Background
While effective, exposure therapy can be distressing, which creates problems with treatment acceptance. Can exposure be effectively delivered unconsciously – and thus without causing phobic people to experience distress? No study has tested this hypothesis in a sufficiently rigorous experiment that selected between mechanisms for reducin...
Background:
Clinically significant anxiety and depression are common in patients with cancer, and are associated with poor psychiatric and medical outcomes. Historical and recent research suggests a role for psilocybin to treat cancer-related anxiety and depression.
Methods:
In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial, 29 patients...
Background:
Anxiety is linked with adverse health-related outcomes and increased health-seeking behaviors among patients with chronic illness. Yet, this relationship has received little attention in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this study was to examine whether anxiety symptoms predicted youth at increased risk for repeated dis...
Sharpe's (2013) article considered reasons for the apparent resistance of substantive researchers to the adoption of newer statistical methods recommended by quantitative methodologists, and possible ways to reduce that resistance, focusing on improved communication. The important point that Sharpe missed, however, is that because research methods...
Objectives:
Children and adolescents diagnosed as having Crohn disease (CD), a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), have increased vulnerability for anxiety symptoms that may be related to disease-related processes. The aims of this article are 3-fold: to report the proportion of pediatric patients with CD whose self-reported anxiety symptoms...
Acute hypotension may be implicated in cognitive dysfunction. L-type calcium channel blockers in the setting of hypoxia are protective of learning and memory. We tested the hypothesis that hypotension induced by nimodipine (NIMO) and nicardipine (NICA) would be protective of long- and short-term memory compared to hypotension induced by nitroglycer...
The cingulate cortex frequently shows gray matter loss with age as well as gender differences in structure and function, but little is known about whether individual cingulate Brodmann areas show gender-specific patterns of age-related volume decline. This study examined age-related changes, gender differences, and the interaction of age and gender...
Schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) individuals and borderline personality disorder (BPD) individuals have been reported to show neuropsychological impairments and abnormalities in brain structure. However, relationships between neuropsychological function and brain structure in these groups are not well understood. This study compared visual-sp...
In a previous open-label study, dopaminergic agents improved Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) and Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep (PLMS), as well as Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children with both disorders. We therefore conducted a double-blind placebo-controlled trial of L-DOPA in ADHD children with and without RLS/PLMS.
Two gr...
Multiple linear correlation, which is the simplest and most common form of multiple correlation, is usually measured by a coefficient that ranges between zero and one (symbolized as R); it represents the highest possible degree of association between a weighted linear combination of several given predictor variables and a single criterion variable....
The simplest and most commonly used form of multiple regression (MR) is multiple linear regression. This method uses a linear combination (i.e., a weighted average) of predictor variables to maximize the accuracy with which a criterion variable can be predicted; the end result is a multiple regression equation in which each predictor variable is mu...
Null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) is an inferential statistical method for deciding whether a well-specified hypothesis, identified as the null hypothesis, is to be regarded as true for a population from which a given set of data has been obtained by random sampling. In the usual procedure the data from a particular dependent (i.e., measu...
Early computed tomography (CT) signs of stroke signify major arterial occlusion. CT angiogram (CTA) is useful in detecting major arterial occlusion and may help triaging patients for intra-arterial thrombolysis. The correlation between the early signs of stroke and arterial occlusion on CTA was studied.
Consecutive patients with suspected acute ant...
Background and Purpose. Early computed tomography (CT) signs of stroke signify major arterial occlusion. CT angiogram (CTA) is useful in detecting major arterial occlusion and may help triaging patients for intra-arterial thrombolysis. The correlation between the early signs of stroke and arterial occlusion on CTA was studied.Methods. Consecutive p...
Stroke patients with a hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign (HMCAS) may respond less favorably to intravenous (IV) thrombolysis.
To compare outcomes of patients with and without early CT findings treated with IV versus intra-arterial (IA) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA).
Initial and 24-hour CT scans of the head were evaluated in 8...
El presente estudio explora las propiedades psicométricas del Inventario de Percepción sobre los Padres (Hazzard et al., 1983), instrumento elaborado para describir, con un acercamiento global, las prácticas de crianza de los padres tal como son experimentadas y percibidas por los niños. En una muestra de 276 alumnos desde el segundo al sexto grado...
In this article, I present an alternative formula for the calculation of a factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA), which requires only the mean, standard deviation, and size for each cell of the design, rather than the individual scores. This new method allows a modern hand-held calculator to do most of the work, while still giving students the edu...
Aortic atheroma is an independent risk factor for stroke and undergoes temporal progression. Clinical and risk factor associations of such progression are unknown. Hyperhomocysteinemia has been linked with atherosclerosis, including that in the cerebral vasculature. This study investigated associations between elevated homocysteine levels and other...
Contrary to earlier work, recent studies have demonstrated a reduction in eye movements during the solution of tasks that seem to require visual imagery, relative to verbal tasks. The present study provides evidence that the nature of the visual imagery required by a task determines whether saccades are evoked and in which spatial pattern. In two e...
Although there is much evidence demonstrating muscle tension changes during mental work, there are few data concerning muscle tension patterns during effortful attention to simple sensory stimuli. In the present study, sensory attention was evoked by a pitch discrimination task at three levels of difficulty, with a digit retention task administered...
Previous research has suggested that in face-to-face contexts perceivers are biased to judge the side of the poser's face to their left as more similar to the full face than the side to their right. Traditional explanations of the perceiver bias have presumed that it is a visual field effect, with the side of the poser's face falling within the per...
This experiment investigated how frequency discrimination of a sinusoidal, mechanical vibration applied to the tip of the right index finger is affected by shortening the duration of the stimuli from 200 ms to 30 ms. Using a standard stimulus of 100 Hz at 30 dB above threshold, seven comparison frequencies (at intervals of 10 Hz) were judged as hig...
The theory proposed in this chapter—the motor theory of voluntary thinking (MTVT)—is not exactly new; its basic elements can be found in the motor theories of Bain (1888), Maudsley (1889), Ribot (1889), Pillsbury (1908), and Washburn (1916) to name just a few. Many of the ideas expressed below were commonplace at the beginning of this century, and...
The consequences of using NHST vary for different areas of psychological research, depending principally on the sizes of the samples typically employed, and on the sizes of the population effects being tested. In the case of mainstream academic experimentation, sample sizes rarely exceed 200 per condition, and it is reasonable to assume that no mor...
More than eighty years ago, Cannon (1927) posited that the most defining aspects of the subjective experience of the various emotions arise directly from neural activity in the thalamus that projects to, and produces activation in, the neocortex. In more recent times, the neural origins of the most basic emotions have been identified principally wi...
Two graphs are provided for ascertaining the probability of obtaining n significant statistics from a larger number of N calculated statistics, for significance levels (p) of .05 and .01 and N's up to and including 100 and 500, respectively, where, for each of the 2 graphs (p = .05 and p = .01), "The chance probability of obtaining at least n out o...
