Barbara Seuss

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• PhD Geosciences
• Project Manager / Team Assistant at Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg

The Middle to Upper Pennsylvanian Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry (Boggy Formation, Deese Group) of Oklahoma, USA, is well known for its exceptionally preserved fauna of marine invertebrates, including conservation of original skeletal aragonite. Here, we describe for the first time the taxonomy of the Buckhorn bryozoans, recognising nine species, two of w...

Download: http://palaios.sepmonline.org/content/30/7/503.full.pdf+html If you cannot download please request the full text... The extant Nautilus nowadays exclusively lives in the Indo-Pacific Ocean along the slopes of coral reefs, mainly in water depths of 300–400 m. It possesses a complex gas-liquid combined system to regulate its buoyancy in t...

The cameral and intrasiphonal deposits of a Pennsylvanian straight nautiloid (Pseudorthoceratidae) are studied in order to understand the formation of these deposits. The specimens from the Buckhorn Asphalt deposit (Oklahoma) are exceptionally preserved including original aragonite and microstructures. The specimen investigated survived a predation...

Early and middle Paleozoic gastropod protoconchs generally differ strongly from their corresponding adult morphologies, that is, most known protoconchs are smooth and openly coiled, whereas the majority of adult shells are ornamented and tightly coiled. In contrast, larval and adult shells of late Paleozoic gastropods with planktotrophic larval dev...

The Pennsylvanian Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry contains the best-preserved Palaeozoic mollusc fauna in the world. Early impregnation of mixed siliciclastic–carbonate rocks (mudstones, pack to grainstones, shell beds, and conglomerates) with hydrocarbons prevented aragonite destruction (“Impregnation Fossil Lagerstätte”). The exceptional preservation com...

Orthoceratoid cephalopods are common in the Palaeozoic rock record but became extinct in the Late Triassic. Many orthoceratoids contain cameral deposits, which are enigmatic calcareous structures within their chambered shell that presumably balanced their straight conchs in a horizontal position. Since the mid-19th century, palaeontologists have at...

Cameral deposits are enigmatic calcareous structures within the chambers of orthoceratoid cepha-lopods that were thought to be part of the living animal as far back as the mid-19th century. While the function of the deposits has been attributed to counterbalancing the straight cephalopod shells into a horizontal position, their formation cycle has...

A diverse assemblage of fish microremains is reported from the Virgilian (Gzhelian), Upper Pennsylvanian Finis Shale outcrop at Lost Creek Lake near Jacksboro (Texas, USA). The assemblage contains diverse remains of chondrichthyans, rare acanthodians and actinopterygians. The chondrichthyans are represented by a xenacanthimorph, ctenacanthiforms, s...

In the last 5 decades, paleontological research has exploded where fossils have enabled robust dating of rocks, improved understanding of origination/extinction rates or mass extinction events, biogeography, adaptive strategies, and many more. New molecular technologies have enabled intensive analyses of vertebrates and invertebrates, plant fossils...

A systematic horizon scanning was undertaken to identify the up-to-date perspectives on paleontological research. A summarized evaluation (applicability and acceptability) was also provided to identify the challenges and opportunities of paleontological techniques. Present-day advances in molecular analyses and scanning techniques generate valuable...

The platycerate gastropods Orthonychia yutaroi Ebbestad, sp. nov. (Ordovician, Boda Limestone, Sweden), O. enorme (Silurian, Sweden, Gotland), O. parva (Pennsylvanian, Finis Shale Member, USA), and Orthonychia sp. (Mississippian, Imo Formation, USA) are studied including their protoconch morphology. Orthonychia yutaroi is the oldest known species i...

Neritimorpha is the smallest extant subclass of the class Gastropoda. Most of its members are marine but it also includes species in freshwater and on land. Its oldest members have possibly an Ordovician age. Although their diversity and abundance is low in comparison with that of the other gastropod clades, they are continuously present throughout...

Neritimorpha is the smallest extant subclass of the class Gastropoda. Most of its members are marine but it also includes species in freshwater and on land. Its oldest members have possibly an Ordovician age. Although their diversity and abundance is low in comparison with that of the other gastropod clades, they are continuously present throughout...

Nautilus is studied for many decades and various reasons. Living in the Indo-Pacific Ocean along coral reefs in water depths of commonly 300-400 m, after death of the animal shells often float before being deposited eventually. The study of bioerosion may help to reconstruct the course of deposition. From a series of studies, we here present the la...

An exceptionally well-preserved bryozoan fauna has been described from the Finis Shale Member, Graham Formation, Pennsylvanian (Virgilian) at Lost Creek Lake, Texas, USA. Nineteen bryozoan species (four cystoporates, one trepostome, two rhabdomesine cryptostomes, and 12 fenestrates) have been identified in two profiles which cut the most vertical r...

Pleurotomariida have the longest fossil record among living gastropods and are diverse and abundant in the middle and upper Palaeozoic. Its traditional classification is based on adult shell characters. The early shell morphology has been largely unknown. We describe exceptionally well‐preserved Pleurotomariida from the Pennsylvanian marine shales...

Nine species of Virgilian (Late Pennsylvanian) coiled nautiloids are described from the Finis Shale Member of the Graham Formation in north-central Texas, southern Midcontinent of North America. They include Tainoceras monilifer Miller, Dunbar and Condra, Metacoceras quadratum sp. nov., Endolobus sturgeoni sp. nov., Domatoceras tuckeri sp. nov., Ti...

Palaeozoic hypercalcified sponges were ubiquitous Ordovician—Devonian reef builders but, despite their rich fossil record, their original skeletal mineralogy and microstructure remain poorly understood. This study provides the first application of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) to analyse skeletal structure of Silurian and Devonian stromat...

Paleontology is a small subject at universities. In Germany, there less than 50 professorships scattered across different locations. The fragmentation makes it difficult to develop common visions and research priorities. Over the last few decades, Paleontology has been transforming from a largely descriptive subject to a predictive science with und...

This is the first issue of the PaleoSynthesis newsletter. In this newsletter, you can meet the PaleoSynthesis team and advisory board. We also provide a brief summary of the Big Questions submitted by the Paleontological community during the summer. Lastly, the newsletter includes a call for workshop proposals (due October 15) to address your own b...

The Late Palaeozoic Ice Age (LPIA, Famennian to Wuchiapingian) witnessed two transitions between ice- and greenhouse conditions. These alternations led to drastic alterations in the marine system (e.g., sea-level, habitat size, sea-surface temperature) forcing faunal changes. To reassess the response of the global marine fauna, we analyze diversity...

The fossil-rich deposits from the Finis Shale (Graham Formation) at the "spillway section" near Jacksboro (North-Central Texas) are dated as early Virgilian (early Gzhelian; Late Pennsylvanian) in age. The Finis Shale is part of a cyclothem and represents the shallowing upwards sequence at this outcrop. The shale deposits are capped by phylloid alg...

The Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA) was a phase of major climatic changes in Earth's history and serves as an analogue to today's conditions of globally increasing ocean temperatures, continuously melting ice caps, and rising sea-levels. Better understanding of the effects of the LPIA on macroevolutionary patterns can help in predicting the consequen...

The uppermost Pennsylvanian succession of North Central Texas is united as Cisco Group, each of the six formations included represents an almost complete megacycle of transgression and regression. The lowermost of these six cycles is known as the Graham Formation, with the Finis Shale, a complete second order cycle, near the base. The Finis Shale C...

The Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA), a phase of major climatic changes, is commonly considered a phase of sluggish turnover rates. Using a large compilation of occurrence data, we re-assess turnover rates and diversity patterns of marine benthic taxa during the LPIA. We compare dynamics in the Paleozoic (here: brachiopods) and the modern evolutionary...

With 1429 animal species, the Triassic Cassian Formation in the Dolomites, Southern Alps (Italy), yields the highest species richness reported from any spatially constrained pre-Quaternary formation known to science. The high preserved diversity is partly attributable to a high primary diversity governed by the tropical setting, increasing alpha di...

Fossil groups are used for biochronological dating of rocks for decades. This manuscript presents a quantitative approach to appraise and compare the quality of selected taxa as biostratigraphic markers. Based on species occurrence of ammonites, bivalves, and planktic and benthic foraminifers we evaluate the potential of these to rank them quantita...

Many conservation lagerstätten feature excellent fossil preservation, but the environmental conditions responsible for the preservation, such as anoxia or hypersalinity, are often not favorable for highly diverse communities. Concentration lagerstätten contain abundant fossils that are commonly not well preserved, which inhibits taxon identificatio...

The mid-Pennsylvanian (Desmoinesian–Virgilian) deposits from the Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry Lagerstätte near Sulphur, Oklahoma, are characterized by siliciclastic–carbonate rocks. One of these deposits is the ‘cephalopod coquina’ that contains a large amount of orthocerid and coiled nautiloid, and ammonoid shell remains. These were used for a detailed...

https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2019AM/webprogram/Paper336434.html

...The shells derive from the ‘cephalopod coquina’ that represents the deepest-water deposit within the single cycle of trans- and regression in the outcrop. ...The shells were cast and investigated with a scanning electron microscope...The ichnotaxon associations in the shells indicate different modes of deposition...

Cephalopod remains from the Desmoinesian (Pennsylvanian, Upper Carboniferous) Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry (Oklahoma, USA) were studied intensively over the past decades. However, this is the first study that focusses exclusively on bioerosion affecting their shells. Research on bioerosion in these fossils was possible due to soaking of sediments and sh...

The Middle to Upper Triassic Cassian Formation (Dolomites, Northern Italy) is the most diverse early Mesozoic ecosystem worldwide. A compilation of taxa described from the Cassian Formation contains 1336 species after revision. The species richness is very high compared with other fossil lagerstätten known for their diversity. For example, 228 spec...

Although benthic foraminifers have been extensively used for biochronology, no quantitative evaluation of the quality of their application is available. Herein, we have applied a quantitative approach to evaluate the relative quality of the fossil group of foraminifers in biostratigraphy. Based on 12321 specimens belonging to 65 planktic and 132 be...

Nine longiconic cephalopod species of Desmoinesian (Middle Pennsylvanian; upper Carboniferous) pseudorthoceratid orthocerids are described from the Buckhorn Asphalt Lagerstätte (Boggy Formation) in Southcentral Oklahoma, Midcontinent North America. The fauna consists of Pseudorthoceras knoxense (McChesney), Arbuckleoceras tricamerae (Smith), Bitaun...

Many Palaeozoic reef environments were dominated by stromatoporoids and it has been proposed that skeletal mineralogy of such hypercalcifying reef builders mirrors the mineralogy of non-skeletal CaCO3 through time. However, the original skeletal composition of stromatoporoids is not well understood, with different authors arguing for an original co...

Bioerosion, i.e., chemical and mechanical degradation of largely carbonate skeletal material, was studied in detail in shells of Nautilus for the first time. Nautilus typically lives along slopes of coral reefs in water depths between 300-400 m, with a range of 100-700 m and occurs in the Indo-Pacific Ocean exclusively. After death of the animal it...

INTRODUCTION Deposits of the Pennsylvanian (Upper Carboniferous) Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry in southern Oklahoma, USA, are of mixed siliciclastic-carbonatic composition; however, crucial is the high content of hydrocarbons, that intruded the sediments during or only shortly after deposition. These hydrocarbons impregnated not only the deposits but mor...

A diverse assemblage of fishes (isolated teeth and scales) is reported from the Middle to Upper Pennsylvanian Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry Lagerstätte in Oklahoma, USA. The assemblage includes chondrichthyans such as the bransonelliform Bransonella lingulata, the xenacanthiform Xenacanthus, the symmoriiform Stethacanthus, ctenacanthiforms, an polyacrodo...

The Pennsylvanian (Desmoinesian–Virgilian) Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry in Oklahoma, USA is well known for its exceptional preservation of a diverse marine invertebrate fauna. Results from the latest study focusing on the Buckhorn bryozoans are presented. Nine genera and species are recognized, two of them new (Stenophragmidium buckhornensis and Streblo...

The Pennsylvanian (Desmoinesian–Virgilian) Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry in Oklahoma, USA is well known for its exceptional preservation of a diverse marine invertebrate fauna. Results from the latest study focusing on the Buckhorn bryozoans are presented. Nine genera and species are recognized, two of them new (Stenophragmidium buckhornensis and Streblo...

The Pennsylvanian (Desmoinesian–Virgilian) Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry (Boggy Formation, Deese Group) in Oklahoma, USA is well known for its exceptional preservation of a diverse marine invertebrate fauna. This includes preservation of original shell material, microscopic characters on shells, or color patterns. Preservation is exceptionally because of...

In a cenote formed in the limestone karst of Lifou (New Caledonia), more than 35 shells of Nautilus macromphalus were discovered in 35–40 m water depth. Seven shells were recovered and subsamples of two shells were used for a study on microbial bioerosion. Both shells were intensively bioeroded and SEM-analyses revealed a total of six ichnotaxa wit...

The Late Carboniferous Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry exposes an ‘Impregnation Fossil Lagerstätte’ (Seuss et al. 2009), famous for its high-quality preservation of molluscs and other fossils. Some of the fossils conserve pristine aragonite or high-Mg calcite, mineral phases seldom preserved in Palaeozoic deposits. Located 10 km south of Sulphur, Oklahoma,...

A variety of syn-vivo bioerosion traces produced by foraminiferans is recorded in shells of Nautilus sampled near New Caledonia and Vanuatu. These are two types of attachment scars of epilithic foraminiferans and two forms of previously undescribed microborings, a spiral-shaped and a dendritic one, both most likely being the work of endolithic 'nak...

We present the first detailed study on chaetetids from the Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry Lagerstätte. Among the investigated specimens we found two distinct samples that are different to all others in the quarry and in literature. Thin sections of these display complex fragmentation mechanisms for some of the Buckhorn chaetetid sponges. Additionally, one...

Chaetetid sponges from the Desmoinesian Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry Lagerstätte represent the largest benthic organisms in this outcrop (max. diameter: 21 cm, max. height: 8.3 cm). Deposition of the chaetetid-bearing sediments occurred in a shallow (euphotic zone II-III) marine setting near the palaeo-equator. The siliciclastic-carbonatic sediments fro...

Chaetetid sponges from the Desmoinesian Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry Lagerstätte represent the largest benthic organisms in this outcrop (max. diameter: 21 cm, max. height: 8.3 cm). Deposition of the chaetetid-bearing sediments occurred in a shallow (euphotic zone II-III) marine setting near the palaeo-equator. The siliciclastic-carbonatic sediments fro...

Two shell fragments, one of an undetermined cephalopod and one of an orthoconic nautiloid (Pseudorthoceratidae gen. et. sp. indet.), from the Pennsylvanian Buckhorn Asphalt Lagerstätte (Oklahoma) were studied to reconstruct paleotemperatures and to explore possible diagenetic alterations. For the first time, not only parts of the shell of an orthoc...

The Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry in Oklahoma, USA, yields a Desmoinesian (Upper Carboniferous) faunal assemblage of outstanding preservation caused by synsedimentary or contemporary impregnation of sediments and fauna with hydrocarbons. These hydrocarbons prevented diagenetic processes to a high degree. The faunal assemblage evolved in a (sub)tropical s...

Neuaufschluss des berühmten Schwarzjura-Profils am historischen Ludwig-Donau-Main-Kanal bei Dörlbach/Mittelfranken

The recovery of two well-preserved chambers of the phragmocone of Pseudorthoceras sp. from the Buckhorn Asphalt Lagerstätte provides nw insight into the controversy over how cameral deposits are developed in orthoconic nautiloids. The specimen has two oval openings in the conch, a result of penetrating the outer test and present cameral deposits. T...

The recovery of two well-preserved chambers of the phragmocone of Pseudorthoceras sp. from the Buckhorn Asphalt Lagerstätte provides nw insight into the controversy over how cameral deposits are developed in orthoconic nautiloids. The specimen has two oval openings in the conch, a result of penetrating the outer test and present cameral deposits. T...

Oxygen and carbon stable isotope studies of well-preserved fossils present an important data source for palaeoclimatic studies. Commonly, the older the fossils, the less good they are preserved. The Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry Lagerstätte from the mid-Pennsylvanian of Oklahoma is one of the few Palaeozoic examples, where original (metastable) shell mat...

The Pennsylvanian Buckhorn Asphalt in Southern Oklahoma contains the best-preserved Palaeozoic mollusc fauna in the world. Early impregnation of mixed carbonatic-siliciclastic rocks (mudstones, pack- to grainstones, shell beds, and conglomerates,) with hydrocarbons prevented aragonite destruction (“Impregnation Fossil Lagerstätte”). Exceptional pre...

The Pennsylvanian Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry in Oklahoma (USA) is an Impregnation Lagerstätte containing the best-preserved Palaeozoic mollusc fauna in the world. Besides preserved Mg-calcite, microstructures, and early ontogenetic shells, it is the only Late Palaeozoic Lagerstätte with conservation of original aragonite known to date. The outstanding...

In the Buckhorn Asphalt deposit, exceptional preservation of mollusc shells with original aragonitic mineralogy, owing to an early impregnation with migrating hydrocarbons, provides a ‘preservational window’ for studying a Late Palaeozoic microboring assemblage. The evaluation of thin-sections, bioclast surface features, and SEM analysis of epoxy r...

In the Buckhorn Asphalt deposit, exceptional preservation of mollusc shells with original aragonitic mineralogy, owing to an early impregnation with migrating hydrocarbons, provides a ‘preservational window’ for studying a Late Palaeozoic microboring assemblage. The evaluation of thin-sections, bioclast surface features, and SEM analysis of epoxy r...

The Late Carboniferous (Desmoinesian, approx. 306 m years) sediments of the Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry (Oklahoma, USA) contain the best preserved Palaeozoic mollusc fauna world wide. Molluscs are commonly preserved in original aragonite including shell microstructures, though aragonite is normally dissolved or recrystallised shortly after deposition....

The Late Carboniferous Buckhorn Asphalt Quarry contains the best preserved Palaeozoic molluscs known world wide. The molluscs are commonly present in their original aragonitic preservation. Shell microstructures, larval shells, and colour patterns are commonly preserved. The good preservation of the fossil molluscs from the Buckhorn Asphalt was cau...

A suite of Early Mesozoic (Late Triassic, Norian to Early Jurassic) calcareous beds was studied from the Hochfelln Mountain in the Northern Calcareous Alps (NCA, South Germany). The Hauptdolomit Group consists of thick peritidal deposits and is overlain by basin deposits of the Rhaetian Kssen Formation and Rhaetian reefoidal limestone with corals....

A suite of Early Mesozoic (Late Triassic, Norian to Early Jurassic) calcareous beds was studied from the Hochfelln Massif in the Northern Calcareous Alps (Bavaria, South Germany). The main part of the Hochfelln Mountain is built up by the Hauptdolomit Group consisting of thick peritidal deposits and overlain by basin deposits of the Rhaetian Kössen...