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Publications
Publications (37)
Objective:
To evaluate antinociceptive efficacy of SC administration of hydromorphone hydrochloride and buprenorphine hydrochloride in ferrets (Mustela putorius furo).
Animals:
14 healthy adult ferrets (6 neutered males, 8 spayed females).
Methods:
In a randomized, blind, controlled, complete crossover design, all 14 ferrets received a single,...
Background
Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) can provide objective functional assessment of the post-retinal visual pathway. This study compared the effects of sedation (butorphanol and dexmedetomidine) and general anesthesia (propofol and sevoflurane) on pattern and flash VEPs. Dogs ( n = 13) underwent sedation or anesthesia and VEPs were obtained f...
The objective of this study was to compare the sedative effects of intramuscular alfaxalone combined with either ketamine or midazolam in chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). A prospective, randomized blinded crossover study design with a 7-day washout period was used. Nine adult layer hens received alfaxalone 15 mg/kg with ketamine 5 mg/kg IM (tre...
Background
Shock is common in critically ill and injured patients. Survival during shock is highly dependent on rapid restoration of tissue oxygenation with therapeutic goals based on cardiac output (CO) optimization. Despite the clinical availability of numerous minimally invasive monitors of CO, limited supporting performance data are available.M...
Objective
To evaluate the time to hemoglobin oxygen desaturation in chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) with and without preoxygenation before isoflurane induction of anesthesia and rocuronium-induced apnea.
Study design
Prospective, randomized crossover study.
Animals
A total of 10 healthy adult Lohmann Brown-Lite hens.
Methods
Hens were anesth...
Objective:
To determine the pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone hydrochloride after IV and IM administration in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus).
Animals:
8 healthy adult guinea pigs (4 sexually intact females and 4 sexually intact males).
Procedures:
In a crossover study, hydromorphone (0.3 mg/kg) was administered once IM (epaxial musculature) or...
A 6-year-old 559-kg Canadian Warmblood mare with lacerations over the neck and all four limbs was presented to the Western College Veterinary Medicine. Medical treatment and wound lavage was carried out for 5 days with no clinical improvement. Ultrasonography of the gluteal region showed disruption of normal muscle architecture, predominantly on th...
Video- versus handout-based instructions may influence student outcomes during simulation training and competency-based assessments. Forty-five third-year veterinary students voluntarily participated in a simulation module on canine endotracheal intubation. A prospective, randomized, double-blinded study investigated the impact of video (n = 23) ve...
Objective
To evaluate effects of anesthesia induced with alfaxalone and maintained with alfaxalone, dexmedetomidine and remifentanil infusions in foals.
Study design
Prospective, experimental study.
Animals
A group of six healthy foals [median (range) 11 (8–33) days] undergoing abdominal surgery.
Methods
Intravenous (IV) dexmedetomidine (3–7 μg...
Laryngeal function is assessed by direct visualization of the larynx under a light plane of anesthesia. This study compared the effects of 3 anesthetic protocols on arytenoid motion in healthy dogs. Eight dogs were randomly assigned to receive alfaxalone, propofol and diazepam, or thiopental. Videolaryngoscopy was performed and still images at maxi...
Objective:
To determine the pharmacokinetics and effects on thermal thresholds (TT) of two fentanyl constant rate infusions in awake cats.
Study design:
A blinded, randomized crossover study.
Animals:
A group of six healthy female cats, aged 3 ± 1 years, weighing 4.1 ± 0.7 kg.
Methods:
Skin temperature (TSKIN) and TT were evaluated using a w...
Objective
To compare time to desaturation after induction of anesthesia following administration of oxygen via face mask or flow-by for 3 minutes.
Study design
Randomized crossover study.
Animals
A group of six healthy adult dogs weighing 15.0 ± 3.4 kg.
Methods
Dogs were anesthetized twice separated by 14 days. Intramuscular administration of de...
Objective:
To determine the accuracy of high-definition oscillometry (HDO) for arterial pressure measurement during injectable or inhalation anesthesia in horses.
Study design:
Prospective, clinical study.
Animals:
Twenty-four horses anesthetized for procedures requiring lateral recumbency.
Methods:
Horses were premedicated with xylazine, an...
This study compared physiologic parameters indicating nociception during surgery and pain scores after surgery among dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy (OHE) and ovariectomy (OVE). Twenty healthy adult female dogs were randomly assigned to either the OHE or the OVE group. Physiologic data collected during surgery included heart rate, respiratory ra...
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of intravenous alfaxalone with and without premedication on intraocular pressure (IOP) in healthy dogs. Thirty-three dogs were randomized to receive 1 of 3 treatments: acepromazine [0.03 mg/kg body weight (BW)] with butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg BW) intramuscularly (IM), followed by intravenous (I...
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pretreatment with hydromorphone or buprenorphine on thermal antinociception induced by fentanyl in cats.
Seven healthy cats received five different treatments consisting of two drugs. Drug one was administered intravenously 1 h before drug two. Drug two was given as an intravenous loading dose fo...
Objective:
To evaluate the pharmacokinetics and thermal and mechanical antinociceptive effects of a fentanyl constant rate infusion (CRI) in conscious cats.
Animals:
8 healthy adult cats.
Procedures:
At a ≥ 14-day interval, 7 cats received a loading dose (LD) of fentanyl (5 μg/kg, IV [administered at 0 hours]) followed by fentanyl infusion (5...
Continuous thoracic epidural analgesia is a valuable and common technique for analgesia but involves risk to the spinal cord. There is significant pediatric experience safely placing thoracic epidurals via a caudal approach. The use of a stimulating catheter offers the advantage of real-time confirmation of appropriate catheter placement. We hypoth...
Objective:
To determine the thermal and mechanical antinociceptive effects of two different subanesthetic constant rate infusions of racemic ketamine in cats.
Study design:
Prospective, randomized, blinded, experimental study.
Animals:
Eight healthy adult domestic shorthair cats (two intact females and six neutered males).
Methods:
The thora...
The offspring of unilaterally cauterized (CAUT) and non-cauterized control (CTRL) sows were used to study the effects of increased uterine space on postnatal average daily gain (ADG), backfat and loin depth, mortality, and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) induced cortisol response. At gestation day (D) 35, the total number of embryos was signifi...
This randomized, prospective, blinded study compared the use of succinylcholine or rocuronium to aid endotracheal intubation of 27 adult sows [mean body weight 261 ± 28 (standard deviation) kg]. Preliminary trials allowed development of the intubation technique and skills. The sows were premedicated with azaperone, atropine, and morphine, and anest...
Buprenorphine plasma concentrations were measured after administering buprenorphine (20 μg/kg) into the lumbosacral epidural space of conscious cats chronically instrumented with an epidural catheter. Blood was collected from a jugular vein before injection and 15, 30, 45 and 60 min and 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 12 and 24 h after administration. Plasma bup...
A 3-year-old Labrador retriever was presented to the Western College of Veterinary Medicine for a tibial plateau levelling osteotomy. While performing a pre-operative epidural, thiopental was inadvertently administered into the epidural space. Treatment included epidural saline flushing and intravenous methylprednisolone sodium succinate. No neurol...
To evaluate the antinociceptive effects of epidurally administered hydromorphone in conscious, healthy cats.
7 healthy adult cats.
An epidural catheter was implanted in each cat. Thermal threshold (TT) was measured by increasing the temperature of a probe placed on the thorax and monitoring the cat's response. Mechanical threshold (MT) was measured...
Objective-To compare the cardiopulmonary effects of continuous rate infusions (CRIs) of alfaxalone-2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPCD) and propofol in healthy dogs. Animals-6 young adult medium-sized healthy crossbred dogs. Procedures-A crossover design was used with a washout period of 6 days between anesthetic treatments. Each dog was sedate...
Objective:
To compare the cardiopulmonary effects of continuous rate infusions (CRIs) of alfaxalone-2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPCD) and propofol in healthy dogs.
Animals:
6 young adult medium-sized healthy crossbred dogs.
Procedures:
A crossover design was used with a washout period of 6 days between anesthetic treatments. Each dog wa...