Bao-Jie He

Chongqing University | CQU · Department of Architecture

Traffic accidents have become severe risks as they are one of the causes of enormous deaths worldwide. Reducing the number of incidents is critical to saving lives and achieving sustainable cities and communities. Machine learning and data analysis techniques interpret the reasons for car accidents and propose solutions to minimize them. However, t...

This paper presents a bibliometric review of the history and evolution of Urban Heat Mitigation and Adaptation (UHMA) from 1989 to 2021 to identify research progress, knowledge gaps, and future research directions. The results indicate that research on UHMA is booming and that the field has diversified over time. Existing studies have examined UHMA...

Urban heat is a critical problem due to global warming and heat island effects. Urban heat will be further aggravated in the coming decades. It is essential to develop heat action plans for heat mitigation and adaptation, while limited studies have been carried out to support this. Focusing on the payment for heat-resilient infrastructure, this stu...

Panel Session - Big Data for Urban Sustainability: Exploring Smart-Resilient Examples

This paper presents a quantitative analysis of the mode substitution and usage-phase carbon emission impacts of the electric bike-sharing system (EBSS) on urban transportation using self-administrated survey data and EBSS operating data. The substitution probabilities of a given EBSS trip for different transport modes is determined using the Bayesi...

Pseudo-human settlements (PHS) reflect the subjective wishes and needs of residents. An in-depth characterization of PHS aids in clarifying the actual development needs and future development directions of the city from the residents' perspective. China is currently undergoing high-speed urbanization and advocates improving the quality of cities. I...

Urban heat, the combined effects of heatwaves and heat islands, has significantly challenged the society in many aspects such as living environment, energy use, economic development, national health and lives. Along with climate change and rapid urbanisation, moreover, urban heat has been evolving into a national weather disaster, and its impact co...

Upgrading toilets in rural areas is an effective way to protect public health and reduce environmental pollution. Although there are studies on rural toilets, the sustainable performance of rural toilets in developing areas is considerably less understood. The study aims to build a sustainability assessment model of rural toilet technology to suppo...

Previous studies extensively examined the role of accessibility to metro in shaping house prices but largely overlooked the contribution of accessibility by metro. In addition, limited studies examined the moderating effect of COVID-19 on the price effects of to-metro and by-metro accessibility. Based on multilevel hedonic price and quantile regres...

The latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Report (AR6) has signalled a code red for humanity, and an urgent need to respond to the climate emergency. This chapter begins by setting out the scientific basis for climate change and the economic, social and health threats it poses to our collective future. It then looks at the signifi...

This chapter synthesises and summarises methods for science-based performance benchmarks, targets, pathways and strategies for delivering net zero carbon in the built environment. As an example, the Australian case is presented to demonstrate how these methods can be used to generate climate emergency performance targets and pathways for various bu...

Net zero energy or carbon buildings, settlements and communities are emerging globally. There are several exemplar case studies that showcase a net zero or positive balance between energy generation and consumption, including energy-efficient design and reduced costs together with net zero carbon emissions. This chapter presents 11 best practice ca...

Operational carbon refers to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from energy consumed during the ‘use stage’ of a building’s lifecycle—a significant contributor of the total emissions in the built environment. This chapter presents the existing benchmarks for operational energy use and their associated carbon emissions in the Australian building sector...

This chapter outlines the challenges associated with measuring embodied carbon, suggesting there are significant inconsistencies with embodied carbon figures and benchmarks globally, making it difficult to determine if a building is performing ‘well’ or ‘poorly’. It describes the factors influencing this inconsistency, including functional unit are...

The preceding chapters of this book have demonstrated the robust, reliable and science-based pathway towards a net zero carbon-built environment that considers both operational and embodied carbon emissions. This chapter emphasises that while buildings are a significant contributor, they also provide opportunities to support a rapid transition to n...

Policy, regulations and voluntary approaches play an important role in driving the transition of the built environment towards a net zero carbon future. This chapter provides a snapshot of Australia’s current policy pathways towards net zero carbon emissions in the built environment by federal, state and territory, and local governments. Examples o...

We launched the Research Topic "The built environment and public health: New insights" (https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/24898/the-built-environment-and-public-health-new-insights) and announced a “call for papers” in August 2020. After a rigorous peer review, a total of 43 articles–including three literature reviews and 40 research arti...

The climate ambition led by the net zero goal has prompted growing concern among international organizations about the carbon emissions effects of urbanization and foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) region. Due to the limited data experiments, the direction and externalities of the impact of urbanization and FDI o...

Urban heat has challenged many cities with serious environmental, economic, social and health consequences. Urban heat also deteriorates the achievement of 15-Minute City (FMC) which is a basic community unit to apply planning and design practices to achieve safety, sustainability, resilience and inclusion required by the goal of Sustainable Cities...

Carbon neutrality is expected to address climate change challenges, and its achievement requires the collective efforts of various industries and sectors. The building and construction sector is a big energy consumer and greenhouse gas emitter, providing numerous opportunities for carbon neutrality. This indicates a need for a net zero carbon built...

Cities, the main place of human settlements, are under various mega challenges such as climate change, population increase, economic growth, urbanization, and pandemic diseases, and such challenges are mostly interlinked. Urban heat, due to heatwaves and heat islands, is the combined effect of climate change and urbanization. The COVID-19 is found...

This study analyzed the composition and cooling effect of six green parks in Chaoyang City, China. Based on land surface temperature retrieved from Landsat 8 thermal images during different periods, the relationship between park composition and their temperature, and the cooling effect on surrounding environment were investigated through buffer ana...

Affected by urban overheating (UO), urban areas are suffering more frequent thermal threats. This problem has severe environmental, economic, social and health consequences, where UO damages critical infrastructure (CIE) such as blackout, roads melting, and others. The disorder of the CIE under UO conditions can further aggravate the threats to pub...

Green roof has been widely recognized as the solution to many urban environmental problems, while the implementation of green roof is not extensive. Accordingly, many cities around the world have released relevant policies and regulations to promote green roof implementation. To understand international policy and regulatory landscapes, this study...

Energy pipelines are currently the best energy transmission infrastructure. Pipeline integrity is closely related to the sustainable development of modern industry and the well-being of people so that pipeline integrity management has been a topic of interest to regulators, practitioners, and scholars. Over the past four decades, pipeline integrity...

Outdoor thermal comfort and air quality are two key aspects of urban environmental quality. Understanding the synergies between outdoor thermal comfort and air quality in urban street canyons is of great importance to human health and well-being. Therefore, outdoor thermal factors, PM2.5, SO2, CO, NO2, O3 concentrations were recorded, and the corre...

受气候变化与城市化双重挑战，我国诸多城市面临着严峻的城市高温问题。在全球气候变化影响下，高温热浪已成为我国典型的全国性气象灾害之一；在快速城市化进程中，不合理的城市发展建设致使我国90%以上的城市面临热岛效应难题，显著的夏季日间热岛致使昼间升温严重。然而，我国城市高温问题尚未受到足够重视，导致我国高温致死率、致病率远高于发达国家。尽管如此，城市化的持续进程和城市群都市圈的形成将进一步加剧我国城市高温问题。特别地，我国已迈入深度老龄化阶段，老年人群为典型高温脆弱群体，未来将受到高温严重影响。提升全社会高温应对意识，加强高温缓解适应能力，积极解决城市高温问题尤为紧迫。

Rooftop photovoltaic panels (RPVPs) implementation is one of the effective strategies to mitigate urban heat island and relieve urban energy demand with renewable energy resources, which are in need, especially during extreme heatwave events. However, the effects of RPVPs on cooling the urban thermal environments and saving energy have not been ful...

为分析由于矿产资源的高强度开采导致地表原有植被遭到破坏，使得地表反照率发生改变进而对矿区地表热环境造成的影响。以河北省迁安市马兰庄铁矿为例，利用Landsat遥感影像可见光波段基于统计模型法反演地表反照率，基于NDVI-DFI的像元三分模型反演植被覆盖度，对热红外波段基于辐射传输方程法反演地表温度，借助叠加分析法、相关分析法和回归分析法，定量化和可视化探究了地表热环境时空异质性对光合植被覆盖度和地表反照率变化的响应规律。结果表明：研究区地表热环境空间分布呈现明显的异质性和规律性，高温区主要分布于北部沙河山采场、中部柳河峪排土场和南部未复垦的白马山排土场，中温区主要位于高温区边缘以及其他裸露地表，低温区主要位于北部已复垦尾矿库和已复垦排土场以及境内绿地和水体；光合植被覆盖度和地表反照率的时空变...

This special issue is expected to bring together researchers who are working on topics relevant to climate-related health and prevention and adaptation for impact reduction to share their latest accomplishments and research findings. The special issue is important to inform people with a comprehensive understanding of possible issues relevant to cl...

This study aims to present an overview of the impact of COVID-19 on urban heat challenges. First, this study developed a framework for understanding the linkages between COVID-19 and urban heat challenges. In particular, the framework considered COVID-19 pandemic in aspects of anti-pandemic measures (restriction, protection, individual consciousnes...

Many cities are undergoing urban heat challenges because of heat waves and urban heat islands (UHIs). During urban planning and design, properly adding cooling interventions, namely urban heat mitigation strategies, into cities and communities are essential to address urban heat challenges. However, cities are required to provide a variety of funct...

People's outdoor thermal comfort under hot conditions have been widely investigated, while the ones in cold environments have not. To address this gap, this paper presented an empirical study for understanding people's thermal sensations and comfort in cold-humid environments of Chongqing, a typical city with cold-humid winter in China. Based on da...

This study proposes the technology of “runoff storage and seepage utilization” for achieving purification of road rainfall–runoff and presents a multi-level series purification system (PBT-GR) comprising porous asphalt pavement (PAP), a bioretention system (BS), a storage tank (T) and a hydroponic green roof (GR). The operation parameters of each c...

Actively addressing urban heat challenges is an urgent task for numerous cities. Existing studies have primarily developed heat mitigation strategies and analysed their cooling performance, while the adaptation strategies are far from comprehensive to protect citizens from heat-related illnesses and deaths. To address this research gap, this paper...

This study analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution of urban land and airborne concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in China through global autocorrelation, local spatial autocorrelation, and multiscale geo-weighted regression analysis, thus revealing the relationship between them. The results were as follows:1.Built-up, construction, and...

The global climate is ever changing, and climate-induced disasters are getting into a new normal. To address climate change and associated consequences, it is urgent to take actions for mitigation and adaptation. This chapter analyses the background of climate change and international frameworks for actions in terms of the Paris Agreement, UN SDGs...

Supported by Frontiers in Public Health, Frontiers in Environmental Science, Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, and Frontiers in Sociology ------------------------------------------------------------ In recent years, the demand for quality of life has dramatically expanded, and all people strive for a healthy and fulfilling life. Numerous health...

This book discusses the challenges related to climate change mitigation and adaptation. It adds valuable strategies and insights into the development of new practices solving the identified social and economic problems related to ecosystem deterioration and anticipating other disasters related to climate change. As the decarbonization of cities and...

This volume of Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability covers topics on green finance and investment, collaboration building and public engagement, and industry governance towards carbon neutrality and environmental sustainability. First, it presents issues related to embodied carbon in the international trade, impacts of the green finance...

Urban heat challenges are increasingly with climate change and urbanisation. Despite significant environmental, economic, and social consequences, limited actions have been conducted to address urban heat challenges. To support the formulation of heat-health plans and guidelines at the city and community scale, this study presented results, through...

Many cities are facing urban heat problems, the combined effect of heatwaves under global climate change, and local warming associated with urbanization, resulting in severe environmental, economic, social, and health impacts. It is urgent to address urban heat problems. Existing studies indicate buildings are an important cause of urban heat, whil...

Water is the source of life and the fundamental element of ecology, while climate is inseparable from water. In order to evaluate the influence of water-adaptive space in a traditional Weizi (polder village) settlement on its microclimate, the authors analyzed the morphological characteristics of such polder village, and applied Envi-met in modelli...

Blizzard is a severe weather-related disaster with significant environmental, economic and social impacts. Moreover, the blizzard is increasingly frequent along with climate change. Therefore, an accurate estimation of blizzards is important to enhance resilience. However, blizzard formation and types vary with geographic characteristics (e.g. ocea...

While there have been various studies on global vegetation dynamics, limited studies have been conducted to understand vegetation changes in arid areas. Vegetation distribution patterns can be affected by multiple factors, so understanding their interactions can help improve the capability of predicting future vegetation dynamics. This study, there...

Pervious pavement system (PPS) is a suitable alternative technique for mitigating urban flooding and urban heat island (UHI) simultaneously. However, existing literature has revealed that PPSs cannot achieve the expected permeability and evaporation. To overcome this gap, this study presents an elaborate review of problems associated with PPSs and...

Urban heat has challenged many cities with serious environmental, economic, social and health consequences. Urban heat also deteriorates the achievement of 15-Minute City (FMC) which is a basic community unit to apply planning and design practices to achieve safety, sustainability, resilience and inclusion required by the goal of Sustainable Cities...

Energy pipelines are currently the best energy transmission infrastructure. Pipeline integrity is closely related to the sustainable development of modern industry and the well-being of people so that pipeline integrity management has been a topic of interest to regulators, practitioners, and scholars. Over the past four decades, pipeline integrity...

This study analyzed the composition and cooling effect of six green parks in Chaoyang City, China. Based on land surface temperature retrieved from Landsat 8 thermal images during different periods, the relationship between park composition and their temperature, and the cooling effect on surrounding environment were investigated through buffer ana...

Green roof has been widely recognised as the solution to many urban evironmental problems, while the implentation of green roof is not extensive. According, many cities around the world have released relevant policies and regulations to promote green roof implimentation. To understand international policy and regulatory landscapes, this study analy...

Wind is a good regulator of urban temperature and outdoor thermal comfort. Urban ventilation, urban temperature and outdoor thermal comfort are affected by urban morphology. However, relationships among wind, temperature and outdoor thermal comfort have not been well documented, constraining urban planners and architects’ capabil-ity of regulating...

Affected by urban overheating (UO), urban areas are suffering more frequent thermal threats. This problem has severe environmental, economic, social and health consequences, where UO damages critical infrastructure (CIE) such as blackout, roads melting and others. The disorder of the CIE under UO conditions can further aggravate the threats to publ...

There has been considerable global attention given to a climate emergency approach to delivering net zero carbon buildings and neighbourhoods. Technologies, techniques and guidance on how to do this already exist and what changes in different climates and economic constraints is what requires good and clear communication between a designer and the...

This study aims to present an overview of the impact of COVID-19 on urban heat challenges. First, this study developed a framework for understanding the linkages between COVID-19 and urban heat challenges. In particular, the framework considered COVID-19 pandemic in aspects of anti-pandemic measures (restriction, protection, individual consciousnes...

Many cities are urban heat challenges because of heat waves and urban heat islands (UHIs). During urban planning and design, properly adding cooling interventions, namely urban heat mitigation strategies, into cities and communities are essential to address urban heat challenges. However, cities are required to provide a variety of functions (e.g.,...

The metro (or underground railways) has become a backbone in the transit systems of many cities. It has numerous externalities, such as ameliorating traffic congestion and enhancing nearby property prices. Previous studies extensively focused on the relationship between metro accessibility and property prices and obtained various interesting findin...

This volume of Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability covers topics on greenhouse gas emissions, climatic impacts, climate models and prediction, and analytical methods. Issues related to two major greenhouse gas emissions, namely of carbon dioxide and methane, particularly in wetlands and agriculture sector, and radiative energy flux vari...

Making cities sustainable and liveable is a way to counter the negative effects of these megatrends. Cities will compete globally to make their urban areas attractive to both live and to invest in, and face the challenging task of balancing between competitiveness, environment and quality of life.

PANEL Session WE8: ICT and Smart-Resilient Cities and Sustainable Transitions (Workshop) This panel session focuses on ICT applications and enabling digital technologies for achieving the SDGs and governance of sustainability transition. The session focuses on the NERPS’ central theme of peace and sustainability, as well as transdisciplinary meth...

This paper reviews urban heat (UrHT) challenges following the SBAR (situation, background, assessment and recommendation) framework. The results indicate that heatwaves become more frequent, lasting and intense, especially after 1990s. Above 1960s level, heatwaves across China doubled in both magnitude and frequency by 2018. Jianghuai and Southern...

Cities will be the hottest place to be as the world heats up. Beating the heat in the urban jungle doesn’t need to be high-tech. It will take some planning. Climate change is turning up the heat and the hottest places to be in the future will be cities. For many years, geographers and urban planners noticed that towns and cities were always hotte...

Urban temperature increase brings a challenge to public health so that urban warming has been widely concerned. Within the central area of Shenyang, a 3×3 fishnet with nine grids was built, to analyze land surface temperature (LST) and frontal area index (FAI) variations based on the local climate zone (LCZ) classification and to explore relationsh...

Long-lasting heatwaves have seriously threatened human health. Exploring the distribution of heat vulnerability is important for urban risk management. A model of heat vulnerability coupled with physical and social conditions based on exposure, sensitivity, and adaptation was established in Chongqing, a mountainous megacity in China, and 11 indicat...

To cope with the challenges of climate change, it is essential to assess climate-induced impacts and explore possible solutions. Remote sensing techniques are capable of monitoring, collecting, interpreting, and mapping the physical characteristics of Earth’s surface and its associated spatiotemporal variations. These techniques outperform many dat...

Anthropogenic activities are significant drivers of climate change and environmental degradation. Such activities are particularly influential in the context of the land system that is an important medium connecting earth surface, atmospheric dynamics, ecological systems, and human activities. Assessment of land use land cover changes and associate...

Quantification of thermal environments in cities is of significance for revealing heat-related impacts and the performance of urban cooling measures, in which field measurement has been a prevailing method. However, the accuracy of field measurement is a critical issue, especially considering the spatial heterogeneity of urban spaces and its intera...

Climate change has been widely recognised as a major challenge to the world, with significant environmental, economic and social consequences. Given this, addressing climate change is an urgent and profound task of society, a complex and difficult mission of several generations. To address the challenge of climate change, there is a need to develop...

Our world is facing many challenges, such as poverty, hunger, resource shortage, environmental degradation, climate change, and increased inequalities and conflicts. To address such challenges, the United Nations proposed the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), consisting of 17 interlinked global goals, as the strategic blueprint of world sustaina...

United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 9 and 11 advocate industrial innovation and sustainable cities, respectively, although how sustainable urban development ensures the protection of innovative achievements remains understudied. Employing the Spatial Durbin Model, this study examines how the protection of intellectual property right...

Urban heat, the combined effects of heatwaves and urban heat islands (UHIs), has been a severe challenge for many cities around the world. While there have been numerous studies on urban heat, society’s understanding of it is still insufficient, hindering its mitigation and adaptation. This paper aims to investigate people’s vulnerability to, and p...

Urban green spaces play a crucial role in regulating the micro-climates of their surrounding built-up areas, which is particularly important in high-density cities. A field-measurement method with high accuracy and convenient movement is always adopted to assess the micro-climates and regulating capacity. Compared with fixed observation, mobile mea...

Cities, the main settlements of human beings, are facing mega challenges of climate change, urbanization, population increase, economic growth, and environmental deterioration. To address such challenges, the goal of sustainable cities and communities has been advocated by the United Nations. In particular, smart city has been applied to integrate...

Green roofing is a nature-based solutionNature-Based Solutions (NBS) to urban environmental problems and an alternative for urban designers to provide additional spaces for outdoor activities and entertainment under the trend of urban open space reduction. However, several barriers hinder green roofing implementation, including lack of government p...

Poverty is a challenge worldwide. Policy and regulations guiding anti-poverty measures for governments, NGOs, and multilateral institutions have not considered the spatial scale effect of regional poverty, resulting in low-efficiency poverty alleviation actions. This study addressed research gaps by analyzing the multi-scale (county, township, and...

The workload in the Infection Disease Nursing Unit (IDNU) is increasing dramatically due to COVID-19, and leads to the prevalence of fatigue among frontline nurses, threatening their health and safety. The built environment could fundamentally affect nurses’ fatigue for a long-term perspective. This article aims to extract the environmental (design...

Under heat problem, the combined effects of heatwaves and urban heat island effects, has been one of the deadliest climate-related disasters. Uncovering heat-induced health problems is of significance to inform people about urban heat impacts and improve people's awareness of addressing urban heat problems. Existing studies have primarily done this...

The suitability and feasibility of public-private partnership (PPP) patterns in a rural context have not been well-documented and understood. To address this research gap and practical plight, this study aims to analyze the rural resident's willingness to pay for and participate in the improvement of rural sanitation facilities, and further explore...