Balwinder singh Lakha

• Phd VLSI Design and TEST
• Head of Department at Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

This paper presents a novel structure of TSV-based silicon nanotube gate-all-around FETs (both junction-based and junctionless) along with their electrical characteristics using Silvaco ATLAS 3D device simulator. In comparison, the junctionless silicon nanotube gate-all-around structures presented an excellent performance improvement over the junct...

There has been remarkable research carried out on Nano-electronics where Quantum dot Cellular automata emerge as the forthcoming paradigm in computing. The QCA-based circuits are used in the computational Nano hardware to present computations at ultra-high speed. A systematic approach has been utilized to design the Serial in Serial out Shift (SISO...

In this research, a real time low power wearable cardiac activity monitoring device is introduced to display real time electrocardiography (ECG) signal and heart rate (HR). ECG records heart’s electrical activity and heart rate measures the contraction of the heart. The developed device consumes very less power as SoC used in this research has powe...

Now a days MEMS based for biomedical applications with high performance parameters like sensitivity and linearity are required for low pressure range.The low-pressure range (1–5 kPa) is a significant range that comprises intra-body pressures like intracranial pressure (ICP) and intraocular pressure (IOP).A lot of work on piezoresistive pressure sen...

The leakage power consumption accounts for progressively huge portion of average power consumption in nanometer regime. To limit the power dissipation, different low-power techniques are suggested. This article presents the design and performance investigation of 6T carbon nano-tube field effect transistor (CNTFET) static random access memory (SRAM...

The MEMS-based piezoresistive pressure sensor is very important nowadays and is used in many applications such as barometry applications, aerospace applications, automobiles application, industries applications, and biomedical applications. When the mechanical stress is applied to semiconductors or metal, there is a change in electrical resistivity...

This research mainly focused on the design, analyze and simulate the diaphragm based MEMS pressure sensor using squared and slotted squared structure to measure the performance parameters. Four piezoresistor are placed in the weight stone bridge configuration. When pressure is applied to the diaphragm, stress is induced due to the resistance change...

Memory is remarkably imperative part of any digital system that occupies the most of the part of the design, it is the main issue for designers to design the memory module in such a way that consumes low power and provides stable output so that system performance can be upgraded. In this chapter we proposed the design and implementation of differen...

Due to unrelenting progression of silicon technology, the power dissipation has become important concern in nanometer regime. To limit the power consumption and to improve the performance of digital system different architecture level low power techniques are available. This article presents the performance investigation of the proposed different C...

To go through the phenomenon at nanoscale regimes, circuits using the CNTFETbased on Ternary Logic have been explored due to their constantly increasing application in high-speed low power designs. In this paper, 4-Trit Ternary Adder-Subtractor (TAS) using Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) and Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistor (C...

Rate of diversification and evolution among various embedded and IOT devices have brought new concerns and challenges in the field of security of embedded devices. Not only do these devices need protection against software attacks or network attacks but equal attention needs to be paid against emerging type of attacks known as hardware attacks. Har...

Cryptographic devices have many encrypted and secured solutions to protect them against hardware attacks. Hardware designers spent huge amount of time and effort in implementing cryptographic algorithms, keeping the analysis of design constraints into consideration. Engineers face a challenge for building resistant-free embedded system against atta...

Silicon based embedded devices are susceptible to hardware attacks viz.: side channel attacks and fault injection attacks. Fault injection attack is an emerging field affecting security concerns related to semiconductor industry. An adversary by manipulating hardware vulnerabilities of silicon devices can easily get access to secret information not...

1-Trit and 2-Trit Ternary comparator circuits using Complementary Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor (CMOS) as well as Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistor (CNTFET) is proposed and investigated for Low Power High-performance applications. The design and simulation are investigated and authenticated using Hailey Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit...

With aggressive scaling of device feature size, performance of conventional MOS SRAM is affected and reliability, leakage power dissipation, and testing related issues arise due to short channel effects. So CNTFET device is promising and ideal candidate to replace existing MOS technology because of its excellent performance and high thermal stabili...

Fault injection attacks pose serious threat in security of embedded devices since they require less expertise to conduct them. Suitable countermeasures can only be built if there effects are studied and analyzed in detail. This paper presents circuits which produces power fault injection attack (positive, negative, positive/negative) through voltag...

This research paper presents a novel circuit modeling and analysis of ternary logic for MWCNT bundle interconnects with active shielding under the influence of temperature variations. The far end crosstalk-induced noise and propagation delay of MWCNT bundle interconnects has been analyzed with and without the effect of shielding. A standard ternary...

This research paper presents a novel circuit modeling and analysis of ternary logic for MWCNT bundle interconnects with active shielding under the influence of temperature variations. The far end crosstalk-induced noise and propagation delay of MWCNT bundle interconnects has been analyzed with and without the effect of shielding. A standard ternary...

Over the last few years industry is facing problems against new kind of attacks known as hardware attacks / physical attacks / side channel attacks. Engineers faces a challenge for building resistant free embedded system against attacks called as side channel attacks. Leaking information from computer devices (such as voltage fluctuations, power co...

The performance of conventional MOSFET deteriorates because of the short channel effects that appears when it is scaled into nm regime. The existing techniques like channel scaling, variations in the work function implemented on a MOSFET could no longer confront these limitations which demand for the necessity of some upgraded devices and materials...

The performance of conventional MOSFET deteriorates because of the short channel effects that appears when it is scaled into nm regime. The existing techniques like channel scaling, variations in the work function implemented on a MOSFET could no longer confront these limitations which demand for the necessity of some upgraded devices and materials...

Fault injection attacks pose serious threat in security of embedded devices since they require less expertise to conduct them. Suitable countermeasures can only be built if there effects are studied and analyzed in detail. This paper presents circuits which produces power fault injection attack (positive, negative, positive/negative) through voltag...

he latest trends in the digital design circuits are based on Quantum Dot based structures. The Quantum-dot Cellular automata is paradigm in the area of Nano chip design in terms of their size and low power, which plays a significant role in the Nano electronic industry. This paper presents a novel robust design of LFSR which consumes lesser power t...

In the recent digital designs, there are certain circumstances where energy efficiency and ease is required, and in such situations, ternary logic (or three-valued logic) is favored. Ternary logic is an auspicious supernumerary to the conventional binary (0, 1) logic design techniques as this one is possible to attain straightforwardness and energy...

Embedded systems have a plethora of security solutions and encryption protocols that can protect them against a multitude of attacks. Hardware engineers infuse lot of time and effort in implementing cryptographic algorithms, keeping the analysis of design constraints into rumination. When it comes to designs in potential hostile environment, engine...

Complementary metal oxide semiconductor is an innovation that has changed the domain of hardware. CMOS scaling has achieved maximum limit, indicating adverse impacts not just from physical and mechanical perspective yet additionally from material and practical point of view. This drift move the analysts to search for new encouraging options in cont...

This paper presents an accurate numerical model to evaluate the propagation delay and crosstalk noise of high-speed on-chip interconnects. The structure of on-chip interconnect is considered as non-uniform, including the skin effects. The lossy coupled non-uniform interconnects are modelled by finite-difference time-domain technique. For accurate p...

Silicon based technology encounters scaling parameters that prohibit the advancement of transistor technology. Graphene nanoribbons (GNR) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) are often considered the predominating devices to replace silicon technology. Carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNTFETs) are considered the most promising devices because of the...

There are many reasons for invisibility of objects on road in daylight, majority of them are Fog (condensed water droplets in atmosphere), smog (soot particles in air). This reduced visibility is one of the prime factors responsible for accident of vehicles and disadvantage in surveillance system. This chapter takes account of a method that compris...

In recent years, the use of handheld wireless communication devices such as smart phones and tablets has been increasing enormously, thus ensuing surge in mobile data traffic which is expected to grow even more in the upcoming years. In mobile data traffic, the major drivers are audio and video processing which consume the major bandwidth hog, put...

In past few years, the Field-effect transistor based on Semiconducting Carbon Nanotube(CNT) have generated the consideration for low power device due to its quasi-ideal electronics properties and high- level performance. In this paper, a comparative study of Schottky Barrier, Conventional and Tunnel Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor (CNTFET)...

In this paper, we present the comparative subjective analysis of Improved Minima Controlled Recursive Averaging (IMCRA) Algorithm, the Kalman filter and the cascading of IMCRA and Kalman filter algorithms. Performance of speech enhancement algorithms can be predicted in two different ways. One is the objective method of evaluation in which the spee...

Recently, SRAM for sub-threshold operation is in developing stage for ultra-low power applications and portable devices. It aims to support high operating margins and high performance with low power applications under process and temperature variations. In this paper, a novel FinFET based 9T SRAM cell is proposed, which employs single ended bit-lin...

The prime concern in today's SOC designs is the power dissipation which increases with technology scaling. The reversible logic possesses very high potential in reducing power dissipation in these designs. It finds its application in latest research fields such as DNA computing, quantum computing, ultra-low power CMOS design and nanotechnology. The...

Three-dimensional integrated circuit (3D IC) allows the assembly of disparate and multiple heterogeneous dies in a single chip. In a 3D IC, the through silicon vias (TSVs) are used to connect the vertically stacked dies. Due to very high integration, the TSV based 3D IC produces high temperature and exhibits significant mismatch in thermal expansio...

CNT (Carbon nanotube) based piezoresistive pressure sensors with different boss sizes and with different configurations are designed for low-pressure range. The purpose of this research is to improve sensitivity and linearity of pressure sensor based on Nano electromechanical System (NEMS). The design of diaphragm is as a 10⁴ nm thick square diaphr...

A musical piece constitutes of vocals and background music which is repetitive in nature. Their separation is an essential job in many applications, like music information retrieval (MIR), gender recognition and lyrical recognition. In this paper, we propose a classifier which cleaves the music/song on the basis of gender of the singer without havi...

—In this paper we present the short time cepstrum analysis method for pitch estimation of an arbitrary speech signal. We use MATLAB simulating software for our analysis purpose. The speech signal whose pitch is to be estimated is imported into the MATLAB SPTool box in .wav format. The sampled speech signal is further sliced to reduce its duration f...

In this paper we present a speech enhancement algorithm which is developed by cascading the time and spectral domain speech enhancement algorithms. For time domain we have used Kalman filter and for spectral domain we have used “Improved Minima Controlled Recursive Averaging” algorithm presented by Israel Cohen. Both of these algorithms give better...

Shared memory resources are inevitable components in modern SOC architecture due to Multi-core Architectures resulting ease synchronization with enhanced speed and reliability. Again architectural verification are challenging for these protocols for coherency systems. Hence this project work has come out with complete verification environment for s...

This paper present an idea which focuses on cost reduction and provide the quality of service in the field of technology-aided teaching or smart teaching ,for this propose we are using raspberry pi as main processing unit and USB camera used as input unit ,this system used for power point and portable document file , To control power point and pdf...

The work presented in this paper is to design and integration of medical sensors in a portable device. Mostly conventional methods are used to calculate haemoglobin and blood glucose level. These methods involve pricking of blood with needle and sending it to laboratory for further analysis. This process involves delay in getting results. So for th...

Today is the era of portable electronics where maximum functionality is embedded in the tiny chips. Advancement in deep submicron technology, has spurred the race of enhancing the number of transistors on VLSI chips. RAM and especially cache memory is considered to be the major part of any computing device, so power dissipation of memory is of majo...

Power is a major issue in today’s system on chip design at deep submicron .It is very important to control power dissipation in cache memories because 70 % of chip area is covered by memory in microprocessors. Various low power circuits are proposed in the past for volatile memories to alleviate the problem of power dissipation. However in today’s...

In chip manufacturing technology, reduction in chip size possess great concern for power dissipation. Low power testing has become an important issue as power dissipation during testing mode is very high as compare to normal mode. LFSR is used in testing of ASIC chips by generating pseudo random patterns. This paper deals with design of low power L...

Now a days security is the prime part for both, the satellites communication of the electronics data and the stored data, hence encryption is important for information processing system and communication network. In this paper the designed of AES cryptography are develop by the direct method of computing the discrete linear convolution of finite le...

Cognitive Radio is an intelligent radio designed to automatically detect the best wireless channel in wireless spectrum that is unused at a specific time. It is software defined radio in which the operating parameters such as modulation type, power or spectrum band change by software. Spectrum sensing is one of the most important functions of cogni...

The proposed work presents a prototype of novel method that comprises of a complete embedded system for the process of restoring the foggy images. Foggy conditions are considered to be a major source of accidents for vehicles. Use of a novel ‘Mean Channel Prior (MCP)’ algorithm for defogging gave more accurate results as compared with the earlier e...

LPG cylinders have become an integral part of every home. Our kitchens are occupied with LPG cylinders which help us make delicious food. But it can be dangerous and life threatening. Therefore, it requires constant vigilance to reduce the danger. The aim of this paper is to design a safety oriented system which will alert the user about any threat...

Nowadays, it is mandatory to wear helmet in all countries for safety purpose. At the time of accident helmet may save a rider?s life. Usually most of the people avoid wearing helmet. Thus to encourage rider to wear helmet and to provide smart features to two wheelers, a work is proposed here which will authenticate the engine ignition only when the...

Technology trends and an urge to have a lavish life style demand a tradeoff between quality and budget. There is precedence over health issues; thereby developers are investing more over the health tracking systems. Now days these devices are commercially available in market but their cost and reliability factor are not satisfactory for customers o...

The design of Low Power Low Glitch Dynamic Phase Frequency Detector (PFD) is proposed in this paper. The dynamic PFD helps Delay Locked Loop (DLL) to detect the phase error information in form of pulses at high frequency and plays an important role for improving the performance of complete DLL block. A Low Power and Low glitch phase frequency detec...

Communication plays an important role in day to day life. The information or data is transmitted through various techniques and line coding is one of the finest techniques for sending data. The selection of these techniques depends on the bandwidth requirement, DC level, bit error rate performance and the inbuilt error detection property. In this l...

Increase in the population of India, results in higher demand for food as well as decrease in land for farming. Hence to fulfil the increased demand, food is adulterated to get more quantity in short period of time. Moreover, pesticides in crops are using above the legal maximum residue limit by farmers to gain more profit in lesser time. Although...

The first Floating Gate Transistor (metal-insulator-metal-insulator structure) was proposed by Kahng and Sze in 1967 [1]. Using the floating gate voltage value, capacitive coupling coefficients can be found out at different bias conditions as required. Once these have been found out for a particular technology, the values of the capacitances can be...

With the active development of portable electronic devices, the need for low power dissipation, high speed and compact implementation, give rise to several research intentions. There are several design techniques used for the circuit configuration in VLSI systems but there are very few design techniques that gives the required extensibility. This p...

System on Chip comprises of programmable processor, different controller and memory. As chip size is decreasing memory density is increasing. These high density memories are susceptible to faults. To increase the yield and make device reliable, testing and self-repair are the important issues. To repair embedded memories in SOC, Built in self-repai...

Solid waste management is the pervasive problem now a days and rising continuously with rise in urbanization. Solid waste is always the mixture of different type of material. For ecologically sustainable development solid waste management is a vital requirement in many countries. It is very essential to sort the waste at base level so that there sh...

FPGA is most trendy for boosting image processing because of its flexibility and parallelism. An FPGA based real-time system is proposed to detect objects from color video for use in applications such as flower plucking and cotton picking. Also, a control signal is send to a control device (i.e. stepper motor) when the object detection is done. The...

In today VLSI system design, power consumption is gaining more attention as compared to performance and area. This is due to battery life in portable devices and operating frequency of the design. Power consumption mainly consists of static power, dynamic power, leakage power and short circuit power. Dynamic power is dominant among all which depend...