Balram Rai

Karolinska Institutet | KI · Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics

Background: The purpose of this study is to assess the status of physical body indices such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) among the older adults aged 45 and above in India. Further, to explore the association of anthropometric indices with various non-communicable morbidities. Methods: The study...

Background Vitamin A deficiency is major concern especially for the children living in developing countries. According to UNICEF around one third of the children are not receiving the supplementation of Vitamin A they need. Aim The present study focuses on Vitamin A deficiency among the children aged 12–59 months in India by analysing the data fro...

AimThis study aims to conduct a review of the existing literature about incubation period for COVID-19, which can provide insights to the transmission dynamics of the disease.MethodsA systematic review followed by meta-analysis was performed for the studies providing estimates for the incubation period of COVID-19. The heterogeneity and bias in the...

Introduction: The COVID-19 has emerged as a global pandemic for public health due to large scale outbreak, therefore there is an urgent need to detect the infected cases quickly and isolate them in order to suppress the further spread of the disease. This study tries to identify a suitable pool testing method and algorithm for COVID-19. Methods: Th...

Introduction In this paper, we used the transtheoretical model of stages of change to study the addictive behavior of smokers, which is a continuum of stages, namely pre-contemplation, contemplation, and preparation, and classify the tobacco users in these three stages to study the differentials and factors determining these stages. Data and Metho...

Background On 11th March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as Pandemic. The estimation of transmission dynamics in the initial days of the outbreak of disease is crucial to control its spread in a new area. The serial interval is one of the significant epidemiological measures that determine the spread of infectious disease. It...

In this paper, an attempt has been made to assess the impact of complete lockdown on COVID-19 infection in India. This study obtained COVID-19 data on daily confirmed, recovered, and deaths for 21 days and have implemented the exponential growth model to predict future cases and study the role of lockdown in reducing the number of confirmed COVID 1...

Potential Factors of Transmission and Spread of COVID 19 in Indian States and Districts Sayeed Unisa, Balram Rai, Shreyans Rai, Abhishek Saraswat, Swagata Mondal, Preeti Dhillon, Laxmi Kant Dwivedi, Suryakant Yadav, and Chander Shekhar Background: On 30th January 2020, importation of the first case of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) popularly know...

Introduction: The COVID-19 has emerged as a global concern for public health due to large scale outbreak. The number of confirmed cases has also been increased in India in the past few weeks. The predictions for the COVID-19 can provide insights into the epidemiology of the disease, which helps policymakers to check health system capacities. Method...