Baldomero Coll-Perales

• Ph.D. in Industrial and Telecommunications Technologies
• PhD at Miguel Hernández University of Elche

Teleoperated driving (ToD) enables the remote driving or control of vehicles. For this purpose, vehicles must transmit video feeds to the ToD control center so that the remote operator is fully aware of the driving conditions and can safely control the vehicle. 5G (and beyond) networks are fundamental for the deployment of ToD as they can provide t...

Connected Automated Vehicles (CAVs) will use multiple V2X services to support connected and automated driving functions. The bandwidth required to support such services will augment as CAVs are gradually deployed. It is therefore important to accurately estimate the spectrum requirements to anticipate possible scalability challenges ahead. Current...

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) will interconnect vehicles, vulnerable road users, and infrastructure nodes for a safer, more efficient, and digitalized mobility. In the IoV vision, traditional network-based communications will be complemented with direct Sidelink (SL) Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications. To this aim, 3GPP introduced in Relea...

Teleoperated driving (ToD) can support autonomous driving under complex or unexpected traffic scenarios that an autonomous vehicle may not understand or be able to handle. In ToD, autonomous vehicles transmit video feeds and perception data to the remote control center. The operator uses this data to understand the driving environment and remotely...

p>5G NR V2X has been designed to support advanced connected and automated driving V2X services. These services are characterized by variable traffic patterns that can generate packet collisions in decentralized systems where vehicles autonomously select their radio resources like 5G NR V2X mode 2. 5G NR V2X introduces a re-evaluation mechanism at t...

p>5G NR V2X has been designed to support advanced connected and automated driving V2X services. These services are characterized by variable traffic patterns that can generate packet collisions in decentralized systems where vehicles autonomously select their radio resources like 5G NR V2X mode 2. 5G NR V2X introduces a re-evaluation mechanism at t...

This study analyzes the feasibility of supporting critical V2X services using 5G network-based Vehicle-to-Network-to-Vehicle (V2N2V) communications. The study evaluates the end-to-end latency of 5G V2N2V communications under different network deployments in single and multi-operator scenarios. The study shows that critical V2X services can be suppo...

-The published paper proposes different techniques to improve and optimize cooperative perception for Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs). -Cooperative perception facilitates the exchange of sensor information using V2X communications to improve the perception and sensing accuracy of CAVs. However, the existing cooperative perception system gen...

5G NR V2X has been designed to support advanced connected and automated driving V2X services. These services are characterized by variable traffic patterns that can generate packet collisions in decentralized systems where vehicles autonomously select their radio resources like 5G NR V2X mode 2. 5G NR V2X introduces a re-evaluation mechanism at the...

Cellular networks usually support non-safety-critical V2X services using Vehicle-to-Network (V2N) connections. However, the flexibility and capabilities of 5G have triggered interest in analyzing whether 5G could also support advanced V2X services using Vehicle-to-Network-to-Vehicle (V2N2V) connections instead of direct Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) con...

5G has been designed to support applications such as connected and automated driving. To this aim, 5G includes a highly flexible New Radio (NR) interface that can be configured to utilize different subcarrier spacings (SCS), slot durations, scheduling, and retransmissions mechanisms. This flexibility can be exploited to support advanced V2X service...

5G has been designed to support applications such as connected and automated driving. To this aim, 5G includes a highly flexible New Radio (NR) interface that can be configured to utilize different subcarrier spacings (SCS), slot durations, scheduling, and retransmissions mechanisms. This flexibility can be exploited to support advanced V2X service...

5G networks provide higher flexibility and improved performance compared to previous cellular technologies. This has raised expectations on the possibility to support advanced V2X services using the cellular network via Vehicle-to-Network (V2N) and V2N2V connections. Most existing studies focus on evaluating the performance and feasibility of the 5...

5G networks provide higher flexibility and improved performance compared to previous cellular technologies. This has raised expectations on the possibility to support advanced Vehicle to Everything (V2X) services using the cellular network via Vehicle-to-Network (V2N) and Vehicle-to-Network-to-Vehicle (V2N2V) connections. The possibility to support...

Millimeter wave (mmWave) technologies will support the high bandwidth and data rate requirements of V2X services demanded by connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). MmWave V2X technologies will leverage directional antennas that challenge the management of the communications in dynamic scenarios including the identification of available links, bea...

The design, testing and optimization of Vehicle to Everything (V2X), connected and automated driving and Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and technologies requires mobility traces and traffic simulation scenarios that can faithfully characterize the vehicular mobility at the macroscopic and microscopic levels under large-scale and complex s...

The critical nature of vehicular communications requires their extensive testing and evaluation. Analytical models can represent an attractive and cost-effective approach for such evaluation if they can adequately model all underlying effects that impact the performance of vehicular communications. Several analytical models have been proposed to da...

5G offers high flexibility at the radio, transport and core networks to support various services of critical verticals such as connected and automated driving. At the Radio Access Network (RAN), 5G defines a New Radio (NR). 5G NR utilizes different subcarrier spacing, slot durations, modulations and channel coding schemes. This flexibility offers t...

Automated driving is now possible in diverse road and traffic conditions. However, there are still situations that automated vehicles cannot handle safely and efficiently. In this case, a Transition of Control (ToC) is necessary so that the driver takes control of the driving. Executing a ToC requires the driver to get full situation awareness of t...

5G networks have been designed to support advanced and demanding services in critical verticals or industries such as connected and automated driving. Supporting advanced Vehicle to Everything (V2X) services may require installing Multi-access/Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) platforms that reduce the latency and the traffic load on the transport and co...

Automated driving is now possible in diverse road and traffic conditions. However, there are still situations that automated vehicles cannot handle safely and efficiently. In this case, a Transition of Control (ToC) is necessary so that the driver takes control of the driving. Executing a ToC requires the driver to get full situation awareness of t...

This Deliverable 6.2 of the TransAID project presents and evaluates the simulation results obtained for the scenarios considered during the project's first and second iterations. To this end, driver- and AV-models designed in WP3, traffic management procedures developed in WP4, and V2X communication protocols and models from WP5 were implemented wi...

The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has recently published its Release 16 that includes the first Vehicle to-Everything (V2X) standard based on the 5G New Radio (NR) air interface. 5G NR V2X introduces advanced functionalities on top of the 5G NR air interface to support connected and automated driving use cases with stringent requireme...

The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has recently published its Release 16 that includes the first Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) standard based on the 5G New Radio (NR) air interface. 5G NR V2X introduces advanced functionalities on top of the 5G NR air interface to support connected and automated driving use cases with stringent requireme...

Beyond 5G networks are expected to support massive traffic through decentralized solutions and advanced networking mechanisms. This paper aims at contributing towards this vision by expanding the role of mobile devices to transform them into part of the network fabric. This is achieved through the integration of device-centric wireless networks, in...

Cellular networks currently support non-safety-critical Vehicle to Everything (V2X) services with relaxed latency and reliability requirements. 5G introduces novel technologies at the radio, transport and core networks that are expected to significantly reduce the latency and increase the flexibility and reliability of cellular networks. This has r...

The emergence of connected automated vehicles and advanced V2X applications and services can challenge the scalability of vehicular networks in the future. This challenge requires solutions to reduce and control the communication channel load beyond the traditional congestion control protocols proposed to date. In this paper, we propose and evaluat...

Beyond 5G networks are expected to support massive traffic through decentralized solutions and advanced networking mechanisms. This paper aims at contributing towards this vision through the integration of device-centric wireless networks, including Device-to-Device (D2D) communications, and the Next Generation of Opportunistic networking (NGO). Th...

Most V2X applications/services are supported by the continuous exchange of broadcast messages. One of the main challenges is to increase the reliability of broadcast transmissions that lack of mechanisms to assure the correct delivery of the messages. To address this issue, one option is the use of acknowledgments. However, this option has scalabil...

When an automated vehicle (AV) of level 3 and above arrives at an area on the road which is not part of its operational design domain (ODD), it is forced to perform a transition of control (ToC) to the driver. If the driver is not responding, the ToC fails and a minimum risk maneuver (MRM) needs to be executed. When the penetration rate of such AVs...

Factories are evolving into fully digitalized and networked structures for more adaptive and agile production ecosystems in the context of the Industry 4.0. Wireless communications will be a technical pillar of this evolution as it improves the reconfigurability of factories and the integration of mobile robots and objects. The integration of indus...

After the TransAID scenarios have been identified in D2.2, and after first simulations of the TransAID ideas have taken place, this deliverable describes the steps taken to get from the scenario definition to system architectures of the connected and automated vehicles and the road side cooperating with them. In detail, the scenarios are discussed...

5G and Beyond 5G networks are calling for advanced networking schemes that can efficiently contribute to deal with the foreseen increase of the mobile data traffic, which inherently brings along an increase of the energy consumed by mobile nodes to support it. The non-real-time nature of an important share of that traffic makes it possible to use o...

mmWave V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) communications can support enhanced V2X applications for connected and automated vehicles. The design of mmWave V2X communications is though not exempt of challenges as a result of propagation and highly dynamic vehicular networks and topologies. To address some of these challenges, the authors propose decoupling...

This Deliverable 6.2 of the TransAID project presents and evaluates the simulation results obtained for the scenarios considered during the project’s first iteration. To this end, driver-and AV-models designed in WP3, traffic management procedures developed in WP4, and V2X communication protocols and models from WP5 were implemented within the iTET...

This Deliverable 6.2 of the TransAID project presents and evaluates the simulation results obtained for the scenarios considered during the project's first iteration. To this end, driver- and AV-models designed in WP3, traffic management procedures developed in WP4, and V2X communication protocols and models from WP5 were implemented within the iTE...

5G networks mainly rely on infrastructure-centric cellular solutions to address data traffic and service demands. Continuously scaling infrastructure-centric cellular networks is not exempt from challenges, and beyond 5G networks should consider the active coexistence and coordination of infrastructure-centric and device-centric wireless networks....

Sub-6GHz vehicular communications (using DSRC, ITS-G5 or LTE-V) have been developed to support active safety applications. Future connected and automated driving applications can require larger bandwidth and higher data rates than currently supported by sub-6GHz V2X technologies. This has triggered the interest in developing mmWave vehicular commun...

Industrial wireless communications will be an important technology enabler for the Industry 4.0 paradigm. However, the pervasive introduction of wireless communications in factories requires improving their reliability and capacity to support low latency communications. An approach to do so is through the introduction of redundancy. Several studies...

Autonomous vehicles can construct a more accurate perception of their surrounding environment by exchanging rich sensor data with nearby vehicles. Such exchange can require larger bandwidths than currently provided by ITS-G5/DSRC and Cellular V2X. Millimeter wave (mmWave) communications can provide higher bandwidth and could complement current V2X...

Autonomous vehicles can construct a more accurate perception of their surrounding environment by exchanging rich sensor data with nearby vehicles. Such exchange can require larger bandwidths than currently provided by ITS-G5/DSRC and Cellular V2X. Millimeter wave (mmWave) communications can provide higher bandwidth and could complement current V2X...

5G networks mainly rely on infrastructure-centric cellular solutions to address data traffic and service demands. Continuously scaling infrastructure-centric cellular networks is not exempt of challenges, and beyond 5G networks should consider the active coexistence and coordination of infrastructure-centric and device-centric wireless networks. De...

Previous studies have shown that device-centric wireless technologies, including multi-hop cellular networks (MCNs) and device-to-device (D2D) communications, can increase the cellular network capacity. This study progresses the current state of the art by deriving (using space-time graphs) the upper-bound capacity gains that can be further achieve...

The IEEE 802.11p standard has been created for vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to infrastructure communications. Vehicular networks require vehicles to periodically broadcast beacons in order to detect nearby vehicles or road infrastructure nodes and exchange critical information. The IEEE 802.11p standard defines different data rates that can be us...

The Industry 4.0 concept targets the interconnection and computerization of traditional industries to improve their adaptability and utilize efficiently their resources. Industrial wireless networks will play a key role within the Industry 4.0 as they will facilitate the deployment of novel industrial applications thanks to the flexible and reconfi...

Device-centric wireless networks, including Device-to-Device communications and Multi-hop Cellular Networks, are expected to be a relevant component of future 5G wireless networks. Traditionally, opportunistic networking has been proposed for disconnected networks that cannot always reliably ensure real-time end-to-end connections. However, previou...

Cellular networks face significant capacity, efficiency and quality challenges because of the exponential growth of cellular data traffic. Multi-hop cellular networks (MCNs) have been proposed to address these challenges through the integration of cellular and device-to-device communications. This work investigates how the adoption and design of op...

Traditional single-hop cellular architectures fail to provide high and homogeneous quality of service levels throughout a cell area due to the strong signal attenuation with the distance. In this context, multi-hop cellular networks that utilize mobile relays and device-to-device communications have been proposed to overcome the physical limitation...

5G networks will be required to efficiently support the growth in mobile data traffic. One approach to do so is by exploiting Device-to-Device (D2D) communications and Multi-Hop Cellular Networks (MCNs) in order to enhance the spectrum re-use and offload traffic over underlay networks. This study proposes to further improve the efficiency of transm...

Future wireless networks are expected to provide high bandwidth multimedia services in extended areas with homogeneous Quality of Service (QoS) levels. Conventional cellular architectures might not be able to satisfy these requirements due to the effect of surrounding obstacles and the signal attenuation with distance, in particular under Non Line...

Device-centric wireless networks, and in particular Multi-hop Cellular Networks (MCN), can improve the capacity and efficiency of wireless networks, and will hence represent a significant element of the 5G ecosystem. Additional gains can be achieved for mobile delay tolerant services when integrating opportunistic networking in device-centric wirel...

Multi-hop Cellular Networks (MCNs) can improve the quality of service, capacity and energy-efficiency of traditional infrastructure-centric single-hop cellular systems. MCN systems can exploit Device-to-Device (D2D) communications and utilize the communications and computing capabilities of mobile devices. However, the communications challenges res...

Cellular networks face significant capacity and energy challenges as a result of the continuous and exponential growth of cellular data traffic. These growth levels are predicted to be maintained in the years to come, and 5G networks will be required to efficiently support them. One of the potential 5G key enabling technologies to address these cha...

Mobile operators are facing a major challenge trying to cope with the exponential growth of data traffic generation triggered by the boost of smartphones. With the aim of enabling the reduction of traffic load on operators' infrastructures, an architecture that exploits in a synergic way a diverse set of offloading D2D schemes has been proposed. Ho...

Cellular operators are facing considerable capacity and energy-efficiency challenges as cellular data traffic keeps rising. Several studies have shown that multihop cellular networks (MCNs) could help tackle these challenges through the integration of device-to-device (D2D) and cellular communications. This article demonstrates that significant ene...

Device-to-Device (D2D) communications can efficiently support the growth in mobile data traffic by offloading part of the traffic from the cellular infrastructure. The performance and operation of D2D communications strongly depend on the communication conditions between mobile devices which can be particularly challenging as a result of the antenn...

Device-to-Device (D2D) communications can efficiently support the growth in mobile data traffic by offloading part of the traffic from the cellular infrastructure. D2D communications are influenced by the propagation conditions between mobile devices that depend on the antenna heights, presence of obstacles, and mobility of devices. Analytical and...

Multi-hop Cellular Networks using Mobile Relays (MCN-MRs) are being investigated to help address certain limitations of traditional single-hop cellular communications. The MCN-MR benefits depend on the probability to find adequate mobile relays, and on the design of mode selection schemes capable to identify the optimum connection mode. The probabi...

Relaying technologies can help address the capacity and energy-efficiency challenges faced by cellular networks as a result of the rapid increase in mobile data consumption. A non-negligible portion of such consumption corresponds to delay tolerant services. This delay tolerance offers the possibility for opportunistic networking to exploit contact...

The wide scale adoption of smartphones is boosting cellular data traffic with the consequent capacity constraints of cellular systems and increase in energy consumption. A significant portion of cellular data traffic can be deemed as delay tolerant. Such tolerance offers possibilities for designing novel communications and networking solutions that...

Multi-hop Cellular Networks can help address the increasing data demand and expected capacity constraints of cellular systems through the integration of cellular and relaying technologies. Multi-hop Cellular Networks using Mobile Relays (MCN-MR) are characterized by a decentralized and cooperative operation that provides new networking opportunitie...

Multi-hop Cellular Networks using Mobile Relays (MCN-MR) are being studied to overcome certain limitations of traditional single hop cellular systems through the integration of cellular and Peer to Peer (P2P) ad-hoc communications. Current MCN-MR research is generally analytical or simulation based, and there is yet the need for studies that empiri...

Future wireless networks are expected to provide high bandwidth multimedia services in extended areas with homogeneous quality of service levels. Conventional cellular architectures might not be able to satisfy these requirements due to the effect of surrounding obstacles and the signal attenuation with distance, in particular under non-line-of-sig...

Traditional single-hop cellular architectures fail to provision high and homogeneous quality of service (QoS) levels throughout a cell area. In addition, the performance and optimization of handover mechanisms poses significant challenges due to degraded channel conditions at the cell boundaries. In this context, multi-hop cellular networking techn...

Wireless ad-hoc networking will be a fundamental component of emerging technologies such as multi-hop cellular networks, vehicular ad-hoc networks and wireless mesh networks, with most of these technologies based on evolved versions of the 802.11 standard. To achieve their expected benefits, and address their challenges, in terms of energy efficien...

Multi-hop Cellular Networks have recently emerged as a promising technology to overcome the current limitations of cellular systems through the integration of cellular and ad-hoc networking technologies. Several studies have addressed the challenges of Multi-hop Cellular Networks based on Mobile Relays, and demonstrated their performance and potent...

Multi-hop Cellular Networks using mobile relays base their operation on the establishment of wireless energy- efficient multi-hop paths to route the information from source to destination. To this aim, this paper proposes a set of novel multi- hop routing protocols that use the knowledge of the location of the destination node. Furthermore, this pa...

Multi-hop Cellular Networks using mobile relays require efficient multi-hop networking protocols that provide a high end-to-end performance and reduce the terminal's energy consumption. In this context, this paper proposes a set of novel multi-hop routing protocols that exploit the location of the destination node to reduce their network signalling...

Multi-hop wireless mesh networks, including Multi- Hop Cellular Networks, base their operation on the establishment of multi-hop paths to route the information from source to destination. To this aim, it is crucial to define adequate neighbor selection techniques that choose the most appropriate nodes over which to route the information. In this co...

The European Higher Education System represents an opportunity to develop novel teaching-learning methods more focused towards an active participation of the student. These methodologies are bound to play a very important role in engineering education that increasingly requires the understanding of highly complex systems. In this context, this pape...

Resumen. La implantación del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) supone un importante reto para el profesorado de las universidades. Para la aplicación de modelos de enseñanza activos, dinámicos y participativos, es indispensable el empleo de las herramientas adecuadas, aspecto especialmente complicado en asignaturas que engloban el estudi...