Baichang Zhong

• PhD
• South China Normal University

The increasingly ubiquitous use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in education have brought vast boons to educators and learners but also caused technostress for some of them due to their maladaptation to ICT-supported work and learning. Scientific research on technostress in educational settings has been growing ever since this...

In K-12 STEM education, engineering design is emphasized, as demonstrated by the bridge-design project. Due to the iterative nature of engineering design, engineering practice is frequently complicated and requires pedagogical guidance. As an emerging pedagogy in STEM education, REP (Reverse Engineering Pedagogy) is showing, but not enough, some be...

Background Science, technology, reading and writing, engineering, art, and mathematics (STREAM) education is an emerging form of STEM/STEAM education. STEM education research focuses on how students acquire knowledge and skills. The potential of reading and writing to effectively support students in STEM education has been the focus of research. Al...

In K-12 education, Computational Thinking (CT) has been a trendy issue in mathematics education, but the approach and results of CT + Math are not yet clear enough. This paper systematically reviewed 22 SSCI journal papers from three perspectives: the current status, outcomes, and implications of mathematics and CT integration. Results indicate tha...

In recent years, Game-Based Learning (GBL) has been widely adopted in various educational settings. This paper aims to review empirical studies that adopt GBL in the field of AI education and explore its future research perspectives. After a systematic keyword search in the online database and a snowballing approach, a total of 125 empirical papers...

STEM education has been extensively recognized by the Chinese government and the public nationally. However, there is no consistent terminology for naming STEM education in China, which leads to confusion about the use of STEM label in practice. Meanwhile, STEM-related evaluation has not received sufficient consideration by the Chinese government e...

Robotics Education (RE) is viewed as a tool to narrow the gender gap in STEM fields, especially for promoting girls’ learning. As an emerging and potential model in RE, Pair Learning (PL) is different from Individual Learning (IL), which is impacted by many factors. Among them, social factors need to be further explored. Therefore, this study empha...

One of the aspects of programming that novices often struggle with is the understanding of abstract concepts, such as variables, loops, expressions, and especially Boolean operations. This paper aims to explore the effects of programming tools with different degrees of embodiment on learning Boolean operations in elementary school. To this end, 67...

Many countries and regions have reached a consensus to promote science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education in the past decade. A body of studies have demonstrated that the design and organization of interdisciplinary teaching activities are important for the effective implementation of STEM education. So far, however, little...

Currently, the cognitive load imposed by tasks with different complexity during collaborative learning or pair learning has not been well studied. This study examined the effect of three types of tasks with different complexity on students’ cognitive load during pair learning. We randomly selected a total of 76 pupils to participate in a one-semest...

BRIEF SUMMARY Technology-Based Embodied Learning (TBEL) is a hotspot in learning science. By systematically reviewing 49 SSCI journal articles, this paper revealed the relationship between any two of sample group, sample size, duration, subject distribution, research design, and measurement instrument, etc. In general, the major results showed TBEL...

This study developed a robotic online simulation platform (i.e., IRobotQ3D) for K‐12 education, which realized several main fundamental functions, such as the three‐dimensional (3D) structure design of the robot, a combination of components, graphical programming, and motion simulation. Based on the PhysX physics engine, this system regarded the ro...

Background Although some researchers have applied both cooperation and competition in the practice of robotics education, most of these practices were not systematic, and there was no integration design for intra‐group cooperation and inter‐group competition. Objectives The study aims to examine the effects of different coopetition designs on stud...

The digital divide is an important issue that has been addressed in the world for several decades. However, little attention has been paid to the special population that emerged in cities of developing countries: rural migrant workers. Previous studies have shown that family background is a potential determinant of digital inequality among schoolch...

Pair learning (PL) in robotics education is derived from pair programming, and impacted by many factors. Two important factors were identified including roles assignment and learning styles in this study. The roles assignment involved Driver–Navigator Pair and Software–Hardware Pair. For the learning style, the dimension of active/reflective was ad...

The purpose of the study is to explore the effectiveness of reverse engineering pedagogy (REP) and forward project‐based pedagogy (FPP) in K‐12 robotics education. A two‐stage study was conducted in two secondary schools, involving a total of 169 students. Based on the experience of the pilot study (Study 1), we refined the REP and examined its eff...

Studies have indicated the importance of scaffolding in the problem-solving process, as well as the potential of integrating learning content into the troubleshooting tasks. However, few have explored in depth the learning process during troubleshooting via scaffolds while also taking students' cognitive load into account. To address this issue, fo...

This study examined the effects of virtual and physical robots (VPR) using in different learning stages (simple session/complex session) in a robotics programming course. A quasi-experimental design was implemented with 84 junior high school students from two classes. One class with 44 students used combination of VPR strategy for learning, whereas...

In Robotics Education (RE), the hands-on experience with troubleshooting problems is seen as a good catalyst to enhance the participants’ problem-solving skills. Based on the pedagogical technique of collaborative learning and pair programming, pair learning is an emerging and potential method in RE, which means that students collaborate in pairs t...

Currently, traditional cooperative learning faces some problems in robotics education (RE), e.g., free-rider issue, conflicts of interest, fixed roles, and negative groupthink effects. In view of this, we propose the methodology of pair learning (PL), in which students cooperate in pairs to construct, build and program a robot under scripted but sw...

By providing students with a highly interactive and hands-on learning experience, robotics promises to inspire a new generation of mathematical learning. This paper aims to review the empirical evidence on the application of robotics in mathematics education and to define future research perspectives of robot-assisted mathematics education. After a...

This paper aims to review high-qualified empirical studies on teaching and learning robotics content knowledge in K-12 and explore future research perspectives of robotics education (RE) based on the reviewed papers. After a systematic search in online database via keyword search and snowballing approach, 22 SSCI journal papers are included in this...

This study reviewed recently published scientific literature on the use of portable EEG technology (PEEGT) in educational research. After systematically searching online bibliographic databases, 22 relevant papers were located and included in the study. The results indicate that (1) PEEGT was mainly used in seven research topics: reading context, p...

Online teaching has evolved from a marginal form of education to an increasingly popular alternative. However, teachers often have the concern that online teaching requires more time than traditional classroom teaching. This review selected 25 empirical studies published in recent years to investigate what instructional activities in online courses...

Pair programming (PP) is a useful approach to fostering computational thinking for young students. However, there are many factors impacting on the effectiveness of PP. The period of switching roles between the driver and the navigator is often ignored by researchers. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the impact of the switching period on PP....

Pair programming (PP) is a usefulness approach to fostering computational thinking (CT) for young students. However, there are many factors to impact the effectiveness of PP. Among all factors, the social factors are often ignored by researchers. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the impact of two social factors (gender and partnership) on PP...

Computational thinking (CT) is a fundamental skill for students, and assessment is a critical factor in education. However, there is a lack of effective approaches to CT assessment. Therefore, we designed the Three-Dimensional Integrated Assessment (TDIA) framework in this article. The TDIA has two aims: one was to integrate three dimensions (direc...