B. Stoll

• Max Planck Institute for Chemistry

Speleothem trace element records can provide seasonal resolution climate reconstructions, but the interpretation can be challenging. Aragonite samples are understudied compared to calcite samples, despite that aragonite has 10x higher uranium concentrations and thus provide excellent dating precision. Here we present a high-resolution dataset of dr...

The 72‐foot sailing yacht Eugen Seibold is a new research platform for contamination‐free sampling of the water column and atmosphere for biological, chemical, and physical properties, and the exchange processes between the two realms. Ultimate goal of the project is a better understanding of the modern and past ocean and climate. Operations starte...

Mg/Ca is an independent proxy in paleoceanography to reconstruct past seawater temperature. Femtosecond Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (fs-LA-ICP-MS) was employed to determine the Mg/Ca composition of tests (shells) of the planktic foraminifer species Globigerinoides ruber albus (white chromotype) and G. ruber ruber (re...

Over 50 years since its discovery and decades since its last recorded sighting in the modern ocean, Globorotalia cavernula has made another appearance: now in Subantarctic plankton tows south of Africa. This finding expands the known modern range of the species, which was commonly thought to be absent from the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean....

This Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research Bibliographic Review 2022 presents an overview of a wide range of publications in 2022 focusing on the characterisation of new geoanalytical reference materials (RMs) as well as studies which published measurement results for established RMs. The development of highly accurate new methods and techniques...

The Mg/Ca of marine calcareous Planktic Foraminifera (PF) shells is commonly used for sea surface temperature reconstructions. However, compared to open marine environments, hypersaline (>40) oligotrophic seas have been shown to accommodate PF with higher Mg/Ca and divergent temperature to Mg/Ca relationships. To investigate influencing factors of...

Closure of the Central American Seaway (CAS) and hydrology of the Caribbean Sea triggered Northern Hemisphere Glaciation and played an important role in the Pliocene to modern-day climate re-establishing the deep and surface ocean currents. New data on Mn/Ca obtained with femtosecond LA-ICP-MS on well-preserved tests of the epibenthic foraminifer C...

This GGR Bibliographic Review is a survey of approximately 5200 geoanalytical publications for the year 2021. Selected articles, numbering over 340, containing measurement results for relevant geological and environmental reference materials are listed with individual summaries of target analytes, relevant reference materials and producers. A brief...

Three natural geological glasses (andesitic glass OJY‐1, and rhyolitic obsidians OH‐1 and OA‐1) of specimen sizes 50–150 g were characterised as reference materials for in situ microanalysis of major and trace elements, and Pb isotope ratios. Utilised techniques include isotope‐dilution analyses by TIMS and MC‐ICP‐MS, bulk analyses by XRF, ICP‐OES,...

Key Points Literature review of 7200 geoanalytical publications for the year 2020. 628 selected articles with summaries of target analytes, relevant reference materials and producers. Selected publications include data obtained by new analytical developments and improved analytical protocols for established RMs, and identifies recently developed RM...

Hadean zircons, from the Jack Hills (Western Australia) and other localities, are currently the only window into the earliest terrestrial felsic crust, the formation of which remains enigmatic. Based upon new experimental results, generation of such early crust has been hypothesized to involve the partial melting of hydrated peridotite interacting...

The closure of the Central American Seaway (CAS) resulted in changes of ocean-climate dynamics since the late Miocene following the uplift of northern Andes. Reconstructing the bottom-water temperatures (BWTs) of the Caribbean Sea illustrates feedbacks of the closure on the ocean-climate system including deep-water dynamics of the Caribbean Sea. In...

Different approaches for the determination of the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr isotope ratio of high-Rb glass are compared in this work to assess the suitability of minimally invasive approaches for applications on medieval stained glass (from the ancient Abbey of Stavelot in Belgium). It was found that pneumatic nebulization multicollector inductively coupled plasma...

Amphistegina is a larger benthic foraminifer (LBF) commonly found within the modern coral reefs, and a major contributor to the CaCO3 budget of shallow marine environments. As the family Amphisteginidae occurs through the Cenozoic, the potential as an archive for paleoclimate reconstruction is explored. We analyzed adult microspheric specimens of A...

Current theories suggest that the first continental crust on Earth, and possibly on other terrestrial planets, may have been produced early in their history by direct melting of hydrated peridotite. However, the conditions, mechanisms and necessary ingredients for this crustal formation remain elusive. To fill this gap, we conducted time-series exp...

Current theories suggest that the first continental crust on Earth, and possibly on other terrestrial planets, may have been produced early in their history by direct melting of hydrated peridotite. However, the conditions, mechanisms and necessary ingredients for this crustal formation remain elusive. To fill this gap, we conducted time-series exp...

Amphistegina are common larger benthic foraminifer in coral reefs, with a nearly circumtropical distribution, and are major contributors to the CaCO3 budget of shallow marine environments. The family Amphisteginidae is dominant in Cenozoic carbonates. However, its potential as a proxy for paleoclimate reconstruction has not been completely explored...

The closure of the Central American Seaway (CAS) resulted in changes of ocean‐climate dynamics since the late Miocene following the uplift of northern Andes. Reconstructing the bottom‐water temperatures (BWTs) of the Caribbean Sea illustrates feedbacks of the closure on the ocean‐climate system including deep‐water dynamics of the Caribbean Sea. He...

This bibliographic review gives an outline on publications in 2019 focusing on reference materials (RMs) used in geochemistry and related fields such as palaeoclimate or environmental research. The survey has included 6850 individual publications from more than twenty scientific (i.e., peer‐reviewed) journals. Nearly 700 of these articles include p...

We conducted rock varnish measurements at four rock art sites in north‐western Saudi Arabia, including Kilwa and the Camel Site near Sakaka. We determined the areal densities of Mn and Fe in rock varnish that had accumulated on petroglyph surfaces since their creation, complemented by a detailed analysis of varnish samples. We inferred varnish accu...

We investigated rock varnish, a thin, manganese- and iron-rich, dark surface crust, on basaltic lava flows and petroglyphs in the Owens and Rose Valleys (California) by portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) and femtosecond laser-ablation inductively-coupled-plasma mass spectrometry (fs-LA-ICPMS). The major element composition of the varnish was consis...

The closure of the Central American Seaway (CAS) resulted in changes of ocean-climate dynamics since the late Miocene following the uplift of northern Andes. Reconstructing the bottom-water temperatures (BWTs) of the Caribbean Sea illustrates feedbacks of the closure on the ocean-climate system including deep-water dynamics of the Caribbean Sea. He...

Rock varnishes are μm-thin, dark, manganese(Mn)-rich crusts that accrete in the order of few μm/ka on weathering-resistant lithologies. Although these crusts can form in all climates, they are best known in arid to semi-arid settings. Aeolian dust is understood as a major contributor to the distinct trace metal and REE enrichments in rock varnish....

The most abundant terrestrial lavas, mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) and ocean island basalt (OIB), are commonly considered to be derived from a depleted MORB-mantle component (DMM) and more specific, variably enriched mantle plume sources. However, findings of oceanic lavas and mafic cumulates issued from melts, enriched in chlorine and having a rad...

The most abundant terrestrial lavas, mid-ocean ridge and ocean island basalt (MORB and OIB), are commonly considered to be derived from a depleted MORB-mantle component and more specific, variably enriched mantle plume sources. However, findings of oceanic lavas and mafic cumulates issued from melts, enriched in chlorine and having a radiogenic Sr...

Current theories suggest that on Earth and, possibly, on other terrestrial planets early in their history, the first continental crust may has been produced by direct melting of hydrated peridotite. However, the conditions, mechanisms and necessary ingredients of such production remain elusive. To fill this gap, we have conducted experiments of ser...

The closure of the Central American Seaway (CAS) is considered to be the onset for the Northern Hemisphere Glaciation at ca. 2.7 Ma as a consequence of changes in the ocean circulation. The gradual closing of the CAS lasted from 13 to 1.9 Myr ago, eventually blocking the water-exchange between the Caribbean Sea and Pacific Ocean through the Panama...

The GGR bibliographic review is specifically designed to give an overview of publications of the past year (in this case 2018) and presents analytical data for established and widely used reference materials (RMs) and certified RMs (CRMs), and highlights recently developed and characterised RMs. This research involves the careful examination of abo...

Three synthetic reference glasses were prepared by directly fusing and stirring 3.8 kg of high‐purity oxide powders to provide reference materials for micro‐analytical work. These glasses have the andesitic major composition and are doped with fifty‐four trace elements in nearly identical abundance (500, 50, 5 µg g‐1) using oxide powders or element...

Nacreous pearls are usually found in saltwater (SW) or freshwater (FW) environments, yet there are some reports of pearls originating from a brackish environment. Likewise, nacreous pearls may form naturally or by human manipulation (bead and non-bead cultured), but in some cases the origin is hard to prove and professional opinions are not always...

Homogeneity, mass fractions of about forty trace elements and Sr isotope composition of Ca carbonate reference materials (RMs) between original and nano‐powdered pellets are compared. Our results using nanosecond and femtosecond LA‐(MC)‐ICP‐MS show that the nano‐pellets of the RMs MACS‐3NP, JCp‐1NP and JCt‐1NP are about a factor of 2–3 more homogen...

Determination of Mg/Ca in foraminifer shells as a proxy of seawater temperature is of particular interest in paleoclimate reconstruction. Here we show that femtosecond–200 nm–laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry is a suitable technique to precisely and accurately determine Mg/Ca in the micrometer-sized calcareous chambers of...

This bibliographic review provides an outline of publications of 2017, which present analytical data for reference materials (RMs) or introduce newly developed or characterised RMs. For this survey twenty‐three scientific journals in different scientific fields including geochemistry, analytical chemistry, palaeoclimate research and environmental s...

Pearl testing in laboratory conditions usually follows a set routine. The pearls are examined to obtain a preliminary idea of their type and identification, and then a series of steps (e.g., trace-element geochemical analysis, optical X-ray luminescence, microradiography, and X-ray computed microtomography) are undertaken to confirm the initial exa...

Danburite is a calcium borosilicate that forms within the transition zones of metacarbonates and pegmatites as a late magmatic accessory mineral. We present here trace element contents obtained by femtosecond laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-mass spectrometry for danburite from Mexico, Tanzania, and Vietnam. The Tanzanian and Vietnam...

Key Points • Literature review of nearly 8500 geoanalytical publications. • Geochemical and environmental reference materials. • 780 selected articles with summaries of target analytes, and relevant reference materials and producers.

Silicon is a keystone nutrient in the ocean for understanding climate change because of the importance of Southern Ocean diatoms in taking up CO2 from the surface ocean–atmosphere system and sequestering carbon into the deep sea. Here we report on silicon isotopes and germanium-to-silicon ratios in giant glass spicules of deep-sea sponge Monorhaphi...

We investigated rock varnishes collected from several locations and environments worldwide by a broad range of microanalytical techniques. These techniques were selected to address the challenges posed by the chemical and structural complexity within the micrometer- to nanometer-sized structures in these geological materials. Femtosecond laser abla...

We present an in-situ method for Th and U isotope measurements by laser ablation multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICPMS) to determine possible age inversions of stalagmites, using a 213 nm Nd:YAG laser connected to an MC-ICPMS. Due to the low ion beam intensity of ²³⁰Th (20–120 counts per second, cps), we carefull...

With this annual review we provide an overview of the publication of analytical data for internationally used reference materials (RMs) that are important in geoanalysis and related scientific fields for method validation, quality control and calibration purposes (Jochum and Enzweiler 2014). Publications in 2015 once again show that the most freque...

Femtosecond laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry was used to determine the concentration of 51 elements, i.e. Li, Be, B, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, W, Pt, Au and Tl in danburites fr...

Manganese- and iron-rich materials are of major scientific and economic interest in geosciences. Many of them contain microscopic features that provide valuable information. To obtain accurate results, a homogeneous microanalytical reference material for calibration is needed. Several researchers used the Mn-and Fe-rich RMs, JMn-1, NOD-A-1, NOD-P-1...

The annual GGR bibliographic review traditionally presents an overview of articles that contain data for reference materials (RMs) of geoanalytical, environmental and microanalytical interest. Reference materials are, for example, used for calibration purposes, method validation or quality control in geoanalytical and environmental research (Jochum...

We present new reference values for nineteen USGS, GSJ, and GIT-IWG rock reference materials that belong to the most accessed samples of the GeoReM database. The determination of the reference values and their uncertainties at the 95% confidence level follows as closely as possible ISO guidelines and the Certification Protocol of the International...

Desert varnish describes thin, lustrous, brown to black coatings on rock surfaces of physically stable lithologies. Bulk material consists of clay minerals, cemented together by manganese and iron oxyhydroxides. Aeolian dust is considered a potential source of Mn, due to leaching processes after wetting by dew or soft rain [1]. In addition, bioenha...

Since over 200 years a number of studies have debated the origin of the black or brown, up to 250 μm thick manganese-rich coatings on rocks, referred to as rock varnish. A great amount of literature about this material has been published, but no suitable or consistent reference materials (RMs) have been established to calibrate analytical data from...

A wide range of analytical techniques were used to investigate rock varnish from different locations (Negev, Israel; Knersvlakte, South Africa; Death Valley and Mojave Desert, California): a 200 nm-femtosecond laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS), an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), focused ion beam (FIB) slic...

Highly resolved microanalyses are important in quite different fields of research, such as in paleoclimate research. We developed an in-situ technique for precise measurement of trace elements, trace element ratios, and isotope ratios in various environmental samples. For these investigations we used femto-and nanosecond lasers for sample ablation,...

Desert varnish is a dark and thin (< 250 µm) layer on rock surfaces. The main components are Mn and Fe oxides as well as clay minerals. We investigated the structure at the nm scale to test whether desert varnish is suitable as an archive for paleoclimate information. For these investigations we used femto-and nanosecond LA-ICP-MS and the results o...

Atmospheric dust has a substantial impact on climate, and climate in turn affects the dust flux and origin. Knowing its composition helps to determine dust sources and climate processes. We have therefore determined 46 major and trace elements in dust samples, using in-situ 200 nm-femtosecond laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrome...

LA-ICP-MS is one of the most promising techniques for in situ analysis of geological and environmental samples. However, there are some limitations with respect to measurement accuracy, in particular for volatile and siderophile/chalcophile elements, when using non-matrix-matched calibration. We have therefore investigated matrix-related effects wi...

The Hawaiian mantle plume contains significant amounts of subducted and recycled oceanic crust. Knowing the time scale of such recycling would be important to improve our understanding of rates of mantle circulation. Lead isotope data, when interpreted as model isochrons, have yielded source differentiation ages between 1 and 2 Gy, but this interpr...

The 238U/204Pb ratio of the Earth's mantle is conventionally seen as reflecting the loss of lead to the Earth's core, implying that this element is siderophile. A contrasting view holds that lead may be depleted because it did not fully condense at the accretion temperatures of the early Earth. Experiments reported here show that lead is indeed qui...

he degree of transparency of glasses, which depends on the Fe content, may influence the ablation behavior during laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analysis. To test possible matrix effects when using a 193 nm Nd:YAG laser, we have analyzed transparent and opaque NIST, BAM and USGS reference glasses. These refe...

As in former years (Jochum et al. 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013), the GGR bibliographic review gives an overview of articles in scientific journals, in which analytical data of reference materials (RMs) and certified RMs (CRMs) of geochemical and environmental interest were published in the past year (here: 2013). Such materials are essential...

This study demonstrates that alkaline earth elements in enamel of hippopotamids, in particular Ba and Sr, are tracers for water provenance and hydrochemistry in terrestrial settings. The studied specimens are permanent premolar and molar teeth found in modern and fossil lacustrine sediments of the Western Branch of the East African Rift system (Lak...

To test whether the silicate reference glasses BAM-S005-A and BAM-S005-B from BAM (The Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Germany) are suitable materials for microanalysis, we investigated the homogeneity of these reference glasses using the microanalytical techniques EPMA, LA-ICP-MS and SIMS. Our study indicated that all major a...

Marine biofouling--the colonization of small marine microorganisms on surfaces that are directly exposed to seawater, such as ships' hulls--is an expensive problem that is currently without an environmentally compatible solution. Biofouling leads to increased hydrodynamic drag, which, in turn, causes increased fuel consumption and greenhouse gas em...

For reconstructing environmental change in terrestrial realms the geochemistry of fossil bioapatite in bones and teeth is among the most promising applications. This study demonstrates that alkaline earth elements in enamel of Hippopotamids, in particular Ba and Sr are tracers for water provenance and hydrochemistry. The studied specimens are molar...

New trace element and Hf-Nd isotope data on post-glacial basalts from Iceland's main rift zones are used in conjunction with literature data to evaluate the relative importance of source heterogeneity and the melting process for the final melt composition. Correlations between Hf and Nd isotope compositions and trace element ratios indicate that at...

We present new reference values for the NIST SRM 610–617 glasses following ISO guidelines and the International Association of Geoanalysts’ protocol. Uncertainties at the 95% confidence level (CL) have been determined for bulk- and micro-analytical purposes. In contrast to former compilation procedures, this approach delivers data that consider pre...

Interest in high-spatial-resolution in-situ micro-analysis of calcium carbonates (e.g., speleothems, corals, ostracods) has increased substantially in recent years, because these samples provide important information on past climate variability. The most commonly used method is LA-ICP-MS, which combines the advantages of low detection limits (ng/g...

Recycling of oceanic crust through subduction, mantle upwelling, and remelting in mantle plumes is a widely accepted mechanism to explain ocean island volcanism. The timescale of this recycling is important to our understanding of mantle circulation rates. Correlations of uranogenic lead isotopes in lavas from ocean islands such as Hawaii or Icelan...

It is known for some time that relative to CI chondrite, Earth's mantle is depleted in elements more volatile than Mg and Si. Early workers attributed this to volatile loss from Earth's mantle during accretion. In recent years, however, consensus has been emerging that the opposite may be true: that the inventories of the Earth's mantle in moderate...

Rare earth element (REE) patterns of fossil bones and teeth are widely used as proxies for provenance, taphonomy, and palaeoenvironment. In order to investigate if fossil bones behave as closed systems over geologic time, REE profiles were analysed by LA-ICPMS along cross sections of 54 bones from various well-characterised and well-dated settings....

This paper contains the results of an extensive isotopic study of United States Geological Survey GSD-1G and MPI-DING reference glasses. Thirteen different laboratories were involved using high-precision bulk (TIMS, MC-ICP-MS) and microanalytical (LA-MC-ICP-MS, LA-ICP-MS) techniques. Detailed studies were performed to demonstrate the large-scale an...

Four silicate glasses were prepared by the fusion of about 1 kg powder each of a basalt, syenite, soil and andesite to provide reference materials of natural composition for microanalytical work. These glasses are referred to as ‘Chinese Geological Standard Glasses’ (CGSG) -1, -2, -4 and -5. Micro and bulk analyses indicated that the glasses are we...

Terrestrial and marine calcium carbonate deposits, such as speleothems and corals, can be used as high-resolution paleoclimate archives. A promising new application is the investigation of ostracod shells. We have developed a LA-ICP-MS technique for combined in-situ trace element, isotope (208Pb/206Pb, 207Pb/206Pb, 87Sr/86Sr) and 230Th-232Th-234U-2...

We present a novel method for the determination of Th and U isotopic ratios by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) applicable to samples with U concentrations as low as 0.4 mg g(-1). While previous in situ U-series determinations have used multi-collector (MC) ICP-MS, we use a single-collector sector-field ICP-MS...

Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was used to determine K, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni and Zn in geological samples. Because the isotopes of these elements and the internal standard element (Ca) often have interferences from molecular ions when determined using quadrupole or sector-field ICP-MS in low mass resolu...

The hexactinellid sponge Monorhaphis chuni possesses with its giant basal spicules the largest biosilica structure on Earth. The approximately 8.5-mm-thick spicules are composed of up to 800 lamellae. By application of high-resolution electron microscopy (HRSEM), it is shown that within the siliceous lamellae a proteinaceous scaffold exists which i...

In situ spatially resolved U-series dating of geological and biological silicates, phosphates and carbonates (e.g., bone, speleothem, coral, and pedogenic silica and carbonate), facilitates measurement of the rates of natural processes (e.g., precipitation, crystallization) during the past 500,000 years. We present a LA-ICPMS technique for precise...

We have developed a LA-ICP-MS technique for the in situ determination of 87Sr/86Sr in silicates having low Sr concentrations (30–400 µg g−1). Because of its high sensitivity we used a single collector sector-field ICP-MS, which was combined with a 193 nm Nd:YAG laser ablation system. Experiments were performed using the fast electrical scan mode (0...