B. Deepanraj

• Ph.D
• Research Faculty at Prince Mohammad bin Fahd University

This research analyzes the mechanical, metallography, and corrosion characteristics of dissimilar (SS316L and SS439 stainless steels) weld joints developed with Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) technique with E309L and E2209 filler wires. SEM analysis of the WZs (WZ) showed that E309L exhibited a homogeneous structure with larger and more frequent pits in...

Stir-casted aluminium alloy 6061 based composites Al/5SiC (AMC), Al/5SiC/4Al2O3 (AHC1), and Al/5SiC/4TiO2 (AHC2) were evaluated and compared for their mechanical, wear, and corrosion characteristics. The qualities of the composite samples have been assessed using tensile testing, impact testing, micro hardness testing, microstructural analysis, and...

Although aluminium alloys have superior weight to strength ratios, they significantly lose some of their qualities at lower temperatures, hence reinforcements are done to improve its characteristics for wider applications. In this work, AA6026 alloy is incorporated with 4 wt. % of copper coated carbon fibers (CF) and varying proportions of nanoclay...

In this study, the wear and mechanical behaviour of three coatings made from micron-sized powders of alumina (Al2O3) (ALO), (ii) Al2O3-40wt%8 yitrium stabilized zirconia (YSZ) (A4ZO), and (iii) Al2O3-13wt% titanium dioxide (TiO2)-40wt%8YSZ (AT4ZO) on the Ti-6Al-4V alloy (TAV) using plasma spraying is examined and compared. In addition to conducting...

This paper uses an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique to give an experimental and comparative examination of centrifugal pump characteristics. Comprehensive physical testing is a common component of traditional pump performance evaluation techniques, which may be expensive and time-consuming. In this study, we created an ANN model to forecas...

This study examines the impact of TiO₂ nanoparticles on the dissimilar joining of AA7071 aluminium and AZ31 magnesium alloys through Friction Stir Welding (FSW). By utilizing an innovative groove design on the faying surfaces, the integration of TiO₂ nanoparticles into the weld interface was successfully achieved, reducing their dissipation during...

To prevent water scarcity, wastewater must be discharged to the surface or groundwater after being treated. Another method is to reuse wastewater in some areas after treatment and evaluate it as much as possible. In this study, it is aimed to recover and reuse the caustic (sodium hydroxide, NaOH) used in the recycling of plastic bottles from polyet...

This article evaluates the impact of nano silicon carbide (nSiC) addition (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 wt.%) on the surface of AZ31 magnesium alloy towards improvement in wear resistance for different applied load (AL) and sliding distance (SD). Friction stir processing (FSP) is performed on the surface of AZ31 to create a weld pool to disperse the nSiC part...

Introduction Two-phase hybrid mode thermal interface materials were created and characterized for mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, and wear behaviour. Therefore, the ultimate goal of this current research was to use alkali-treated glass fibre and other allotropes to produce high-performance two-phase thermal interface materials. Method...

The reuse of electro-coagulated sludge as an adsorbent for Cr(VI) ion reduction was investigated in this study. Electro-coagulated sludge was obtained during the removal of citric acid wastewater by the electrocoagulation process. The following parameters were optimized for Cr(VI) reduction: pH (5–7), initial Cr(VI) concentration (10–50 mg/L), cont...

With the increasing energy demand and elevated depletion rate of fossil fuels, there is a dire need for a cheap and environmentally stable fuel. Furthermore, the environmental and human health issues due to the overdependence on fossil fuels have been well addressed. Currently, mixotrophic (MT) cultivation of microalgae is gaining interest to overc...

Friction stir welding (FSW) has become one of the most used solid-state joining methods because of the increased mechanical properties and weld quality that can be obtained. The present investigation focuses on the effects of Titanium Carbide nanoparticles (TiCnp) reinforcement with the welds of AZ31 magnesium alloy using the grey relational coeffi...

The global community is currently grappling with mounting concerns over the scarcity of fresh water, a situation that has emerged due to a complex interplay of various factors. One viable solution to address this issue is the use of renewable energy-powered water desalination. This study presents a thorough assessment of pyramid solar still (PSS) a...

This work presents, the computational fluid dynamics simulation of a forced convection double air pass solar tunnel drying system to study the temperature distribution, the flow behaviour of the air stream, and the exergy performance. Realizable k-epsilon non-equilibrium wall function turbulence model, discrete ordinate radiation model, and species...

Carbon fibers (CF) possess exceptional mechanical properties and the highest degree of chemical stability. However, carbon reinforcement in metal matrix composites is extremely scarce due to production difficulties, particularly in obtaining a uniform distribution. Carbon fiber reinforced composites are typically made using high temperature process...

The advantages of Friction Stir Welding (FSW) over conventional fusion welding processes have led to its increased attention in joining aluminum alloys. This study investigated the effects of varying welding parameters, including rotational speed, traverse feed rate, and pin profile, on the quality and mechanical properties of FSW joints between AA...

As mono composites focus solely on improving one property at a time, the significance of hybrid composites grows day by day. The incorporation of carbon fiber (CF) and nano hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) particles as reinforcement for Aluminium has gained significant popularity because of their superior properties. In this work, the AA 7050 is reinf...

It is well known that water with dye content needs to be treated to remove the environmental and health hazards it poses. In this study, the refinability of the photocatalytic treatment process with a photocatalyst containing black phosphorus, which is a popular material recently, was investigated. Black phosphorus (BP) was synthesized directly fro...

The present work summarizes the mechanical, tribological, and corrosion properties of the aluminum 6061 alloy composite that has been strengthened with a novel combination of 2 wt% nano-silicon dioxide (nSiO2) and varying percentages of tungsten carbide (WC) particles. Microstructural analysis, microhardness, tensile testing, impact testing, and po...

The solid-state joining method known as friction stir welding has recently gained popularity because of the many benefits it provides in terms of mechanical characteristics and weld quality. Using a Grey Rational Coefficient optimization strategy to examine the effect of Titanium Carbide nanoparticles (TiCnp) reinforcement on welds of Grade AZ31 ma...

The primary objective of this study is to develop a robust model that employs a fuzzy logic interface (FL) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) to forecast the optimal parameters of a pyramid solar still (PSS). The model considers a range of environmental variables and varying levels of silver nanoparticles (Ag) mixed with paraffin wax, serving as...

The performance improvement in machining characteristics of titanium grade 5 alloy (Ti6Al4V) is investigated in this work by turning with TiC-coated inserts of dissimilar rake angle, nose radius, and relief angle. Machining Ti6Al4V is difficult as it possesses lower heat conductivity, high-temperature strength, high reactiveness to chemicals, and h...

This research investigates the impact of different energy storage materials on the efficiency of a pyramid solar still (PSS) for producing drinkable water in Pongalur, Tamil Nadu, India (10.9729° N, 77.3698° E). The study compares the performance of PSS using kanche marbles, natural banana fibers, and a reference solar still with only black paint a...

This study investigated the impact of Candida tropicalis NITCSK13 on sugarcane bagasse (SCB) consolidated bioprocessing (CSB) using various parameters, such as pH, steam explosion (STEX) pretreatment, and temperature (at two different temperatures, cellulose hydrolysis and ethanol fermentation). The backpropagation neural network (BPNN) method simu...

In this work, Vetiveria zizanioides (vetiver) fiber-reinforced epoxy matrix was developed with three fiber weight fractions (5, 10, and 15 wt.%) and with 3 wt.% of graphene (Gr) as filler material. This composite could replace asbestos-based braking material in automotive brake linings, as asbestos materials are carcinogenic and cause environmental...

Solar distillation converts salt water into drinkable water, requiring minimal maintenance and energy-saving. However, the desalination process has drawbacks because the system's slow evaporation and condensation rate leads to low freshwater output. Consequently, this method is not widely utilized due to its limited productivity. To address this is...

Catalysts are essential for accelerating chemical reactions without altering the reaction itself. They can be homogeneous or heterogeneous, with heterogeneous catalysts being more recognized due to their lower energy consumption and cost-effectiveness. Biocatalysts, such as enzymes, are highly selective and efficient. The performance of catalysts i...

Mhexaferrite (BaFe12O19) is considered as a potential photocatalyst for PMS activation and water purification. However, as a first report, this study indeed provides a different preparation route in a diverse way to synthesize a novel Carbon@BaBiFe12O19 nanoparticles photocatalyst, which so far has not been reported in literature yet as a main obje...

Hard particles in composite hinder the machining process, thereby increasing cutting temperatures and forces; machining optimization will improve the conditions the industrial sector may reap. The proposed work presents the end-milling machining studies on the fabricated magnesium composite; AZ31 alloy is reinforced with 10 wt% of silicon nitride (...

This paper introduces a comprehensive analysis of magnetic link designs for electric vehicles (EVs), focusing on Printed Circuit Board (PCB) technology on comparison with traditional power transfer coils. With the increasing demand for efficient and cost-effective wireless power transfer in EVs, the choice of magnetic coupler design plays a pivotal...

This experimental study investigates the performance of a single-slope solar desalination with a finned pond, considering varying glass cover angles, water depths, and the usage of sensible and latent heat materials for four different saline water types. Conventional solar stills (CSS) produce less distillate; therefore, some design changes were im...

Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) is a hastily emerging area with enormous promise across many industries. This paper compares with the double sided LCL (DS-LCL) and a special compensation of L2CL-LCL compensation system in WPT by using MATLAB simulation. This paper also explains how the efficiency is improved in the L2CL-LCL system compared with DS-LC...

This study is dedicated to the development and characterizes a polymeric thermal interface material (TIM) that incorporates aluminized glass fiber, bamboo fibers, and carbon quantum dots (CQDs) derived from sugarcane bagasse. Surface treatment was carried out on fibers and filler particles to ensure proper adhesion with the matrix. The fabrication...

Designing circuits with the help of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has fascinated us for a long time. It would be very useful for having an open-source circuit optimization software that individuals could use for designing simple circuits which results in intelligent circuit enhancer. One of the most difficult parts of a circuit design is the circuit...

Background In recent decades, there has been a concerning decrease in the accessibility of purified water, accompanied by a notable rise in demand. Seawater desalination can help address the issue of insufficient drinking water. Objective An experiment was conducted using different energy storage materials incorporated into the water basin of a py...

Potable water is essential in various aspects of daily life. Converting brackish water to drinkable water using traditional methods is costly and has environmental impacts. Solar energy is preferred over fossil fuels and other energy sources due to its cost and environmental benefits. Solar stills are increasingly popular due to the growing need fo...

The thermal efficiency, heat transfer, and friction factor of a solar collector circulated with water diluted MgO nanofluid under natural circulation have been estimated. The tests were run with particle loadings of 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1.0% between the hours of 10:00 and 3:30. The greatest increase in Nusselt number has been reported for 1.0% vol. of n...

C omposites of polymers reinforced with synthetic/ natural fibers are mainly used in engineering sectors such as automobiles, aerospace, and in household appliances due to their abrasion resistance, high toughness, strength, and high specific modulus. The purpose of this research is to provide an overview of fiber-matrix interfaces and interface me...

The latest developments in composite materials are anticipated by green engineering. Materials must be eco-friendly, recyclable, biodegradable, and easy to decompose. Researchers are interested in utilizing natural fibres, fillers, and synthetic active ingredients. Natural fiber-polymer composites can specify certain mechanical properties but are h...

In the current investigation, functionalization of the multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-TMD) is conducted to enhance the adsorption potential applications. A ratio of 1:3 of the oxidizing acids (HNO 3 and H 2 SO 4) is used to attach the oxygen functional groups to the surface of MWCNTs and the prepared sample is F-MWCNT. To examine the surface...

The recent trend of prefabrication composite analysis allows us to confirm the appropriate application, experimental possibilities and better cost optimization, is another no-cost protocol. In this work, the physical and chemical properties of groundnut shell and rice husk materials are collected, and the materials library is presented in the ANSYS...

Solid lubricant is an environment-friendly alternative to liquid lubricants, which can be applied in extreme environmental conditions like high temperature and pressure where liquid lubricants fail. In this work, an attempt was made to synthesize calcium fluoride, a solid lubricant material from scrap eggshell powder by using the ion exchange metho...

The grid with integration of PV-FC system efficiency and performance can be improved up to a large extent because of the invention of modern DC-DC & multilevel power electronic converters. For a few years ago, the Conditioning Unit (CU) was utilized to coherence advanced power electronic devices which has got an important position in the study of p...

The twin problems, fossil fuel crisis and the rise in pollution, have activated research in different sources of renewable energy. In this regard, Mesua Ferrea seed oil biodiesel can be a solution which can be employed in diesel engines for power generation and transportation. Keeping this in view, Mesua Ferrea seed oil biodiesel is used in a diese...

The experimental investigation was meant to investigate the effect of water depth in the basin, the water temperature at the inlet of solar still, and adding circular fins to the pyramid solar still on freshwater output. The investigation was divided into three sections. The first area of research is to study effect of increasing water depth in the...

In a practical scenario, only a modest amount of distilled water can be generated each day by a basic solar still with a single basin. Fin-type solar ponds, fin-type solar stills, and integrated fin-type solar stills with finned ponds are investigated. The theoretic performance and experimental studies on the proposed systems were carried out in Po...

This chapter introduces the biodiversity effects on the ecosystem and sustainable development goals (SDGs). It starts by presenting an overview of biodiversity meaning, importance, threats, and conservation strategies. It then explains the emerging role of biodiversity as a source of important materials and the relationship between biodiversity and...

For many reasons, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are highly efficient at sequestering dye from aqueous solutions, including their high external surface area, their excellent magnetic properties, their high adsorption capacity, their particle size, and the effortless magnetic separation after adsorption. Apart from these, magnetic iron oxide nano...

This paper investigates the effect of seashell (SS) powders of 75 µm size, reinforced in multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-added nylon 66 polymer composite, by studying its mechanical and thermal properties for suitable application in the automotive industry. Seashells were collected from the seashores and the mechanical ball milling method is e...

In this study, hybrid nanocomposites of aluminium (NHAMMCs) made from AA5052 are fabricated via stir casting route by reinforcing 12 wt% Si3N4 and 0.5 wt% of graphene to study its machining characteristics through traditional turning process. The machining factors taken for the consideration in this work are rate of feed, machining speed and machin...

Hybrid nanocomposites of aluminium (NHAMMCs) made from AA5052 are fabricated via stir casting route by reinforcing 12 wt% Si3N4 and 0.5 wt% of graphene for usage in aeronautical and automotive applications due to the lower density and higher strength to weight proportion. The wear characteristics of the NHAMMCs are evaluated for different axial loa...

Today, where water resources are polluted rapidly, the need for eco-friendly green methods is gradually increasing. Conversion of waste biomass into functional adsorbents that can be utilized in water treatment is a win-win practice for both recycling and water pollution treatment. In this study, the adsorbent material was obtained from the palm le...

In this study, color removal, suspended solids removal, and salt recovery were investigated from different fabric dyeing wastewaters using a pilot scale treatment system. A pilot scale system was installed in the wastewater outlet area of five different textile companies. Experiments were planned for pollutant removal and salt recovery from wastewa...

Antimicrobial resistance to antibiotics for current bacterial infection treatments is a medical problem. 2D nanoparticles, which can be used as both antibiotic carriers and direct antibacterial agents due to their large surface areas and direct contact with the cell membrane, are important alternatives in solving this problem. This study focuses on...

The scope of this work is to investigate the thermal stress on the CaF2 coated AISI 304 stainless steel substrate using both finite element analysis and experimental method. The influence of temperature and coating thickness on the thermal stress was investigated by conducting the test at different temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 1000 °C and by...

The present research focuses on an RCCI engine characteristics that uses JOBD20 as the HRF and 1-pentanol as the LRF. Experiments are carried out at peak load at constant FIP (600 bar) with different FIT (19, 21, 23, 25, and 27 • bTDC) powered with different fuel blends (D100, JOBD20, P10JD90, P20JD80 and P30JD70) respectively. Initially tests are...

The twin effect, fossil fuel crisis as well the rise of pollution, has activated continuous research for alternative, renewable, clean, and affordable energy. In this regard, biodiesel seems to be one of the promising potential solutions to the above-mentioned problems. Keeping this view in mind, the current study aims at the production of biodiese...