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Publications (50)
Polyphagous insect species develop using multiple host plants. Often considered beneficial, polyphagy can also be costly as host nutritional quality may vary. Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is an invasive species that can develop on numerous fruit species over the annual cycle. Here, we assessed the contribution of winter‐available fruit to the dev...
Winter is a critical bottleneck period for many insects and is particularly pivotal for pest species, being a major regulator of their populations. In winter, insect fruit pests such as the invasive fly, Drosophila suzukii , not only have to cope with harsh environmental conditions but also need to find alternative resources when cultivated fruit a...
In temperate regions, most insect species overwinter in diapause while others continue to be active, feed, and possibly reproduce despite adverse climatic conditions. For fruit flies which remain active winter long, the presence of winter-available fruit is crucial for population persistence. This study aimed to disentangle the relative effects of...
Fallen fruits provide important feeding and breeding substrates for insects such as Drosophilidae and can be a potential trophic reservoir when usual host fruits become scarce.
Recently, two invasive fruit fly species, Drosophila suzukii and Chymomyza amoena , have become established in Europe and are expected to alter existing Drosophilidae commun...
Variability of intraspecific host plant quality for phytophagous insects may have consequences on the structure and functioning
of associated food webs. The quality of host plants can affect aphids fitness, influencing their life history traits and altering the nutritional resources available to higher trophic levels, potentially affecting the deve...
The combination of a companion plant with a cultivated plant is considered an interesting strategy to reduce pest pressure and, hence, the use of pesticides. Although several plants from the Alliaceae and Lamiaceae families are known to be efficient companion plants against aphid pests, only a few plants of the Geraniaceae family have been studied...
The invasive pest Drosophila suzukii is a fruit fly native to Asia that infests a wide variety of fruits. Wild plant species are major reservoirs for D . suzukii populations but their infestation rates vary greatly among geographical areas.
We aimed at disentangling the relative roles of macroclimatic, landscape and local factors in the rate of D ....
Intensive agriculture has profoundly altered biodiversity and trophic relationships in agricultural landscapes, leading to the deterioration of many ecosystem services such as pollination or biological control. Information on which spatio-temporal factors are simultaneously affecting crop pests and their natural enemies is required to improve conse...
BACKGROUND
Lipopeptides extracted from the Bacillus genus are emerging biopesticides, especially in protecting crops against phytopathogens. Among the three main families of lipopeptides, surfactins have been identified as having insecticidal properties against several insect orders. However, the sublethal effects of these promising biopesticides o...
Lipopeptides extracted from the Bacillus genus are emerging biopesticides, especially to protect crops against phytopathogens. Among the three main families of lipopeptides, Surfactin has been identified has having insecticidal properties against several insect orders. However, the sublethal effects of this promising biopesticide on insect pests an...
Spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is an invasive pest which causes important damage to fruit crops, in particular in strawberry and cherry fields in Europe and North America. So far, its interactions with local fauna remain poorly studied, whereas they could give insights on the possibilities of biolo...
Combining a non-host plant (companion plant or CP) with a target cultivated plant is considered as a promising strategy to reduce pest pressure. Among the companion plants (CP) commonly used in integrated systems, those belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family (chives, garlic, onion, leek) exhibit characteristics related to certain volatile organic c...
The spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is an invasive pest which causes important damage to fruit crops. Despite significant economic and environmental harm, no satisfactory means of control have been found yet. One interesting option for the biological control of D. suzukii is the use of dead-end...
Plant viruses strongly influence the physiology of their host plants and phytophagous insect vectors, thereby affecting ecological interactions between them. Despite the important role of natural enemies on insect vector control and thus on virus dissemination, the influence of plant viruses on the third trophic level received little attention. We...
Insect-vectored plant viruses can induce changes in plant phenotypes, thus influencing plant–vector interactions in a way that may promote their dispersal according to their mode of transmission (i.e. circulative vs. non-circulative). This indirect vector manipulation requires host–virus–vector co-evolution and would thus be effective solely in ver...
Co-evolution of host-parasitoid interactions is determined by the costs of host resistance, which received empirical evidence, and the costs of parasitoid virulence, which have been mostly hypothesized. Asobara tabida is a parasitoid which mainly parasitizes Drosophila melanogaster and D. subobscura, the first species being able to resist to the pa...
Because N is frequently the most limiting mineral macronutrient for plants in terrestrial ecosystems, modulating N input may have ecological consequences through trophic levels. Thus, in agro-ecosystems, the success of natural enemies may depend not only from their herbivorous hosts but also from the host plant whose qualities may be modulated by N...
Abstract Cropping systems based on carefully designed plant species mixtures reveal many potential advantages such as (1) yield improvement, (2) better control of pests and diseases, (3) enhanced ecological services and (4) greater economic profitability. The objective of this field study was to evaluate the effect of the faba bean-camelina associa...
Miscanthus spp. (Poaceae) is large perennial C4-grasses that are receiving considerable attention as bioenergy crops. Therefore, the introduction of miscanthus crops in Europe needs continuous monitoring and risk assessment because they may serve as a refuge or a reservoir for aphid pests and/or pathogens of conventional crops. Here, we first repor...
Parasitoid host selection behaviour has been extensively studied in experimentally simplified tritrophic systems formed by one single food chain (one plant, one herbivore and one parasitoid species). The "Mother knows best" hypothesis predicts that the preference for a plant-host complex should be positively correlated with plant quality for offspr...
Camelina sativa is a Brassicaceae that was commonly cultivated in Europe until the nineteenth century. Recently, it has received much interest as an alternative oil seed crop because of its particular oil composition and low requirements in terms of agronomic inputs and its resistance to some Brassicaceae-chewing insects. However, little is known a...
Abstract Miscanthus spp. are biofuel crops that are triggering growing interest worldwide due to their numerous agronomic advantages. Though breeding programs take into account usual key plant traits of agronomic interest (e.g., biomass production, adaptation to broader climatic range), they generally overlook plant attributes relating to pest and...
Parasitoid host selection behaviour has been extensively studied in tritrophic systems formed by one single food chain consisting of one plant, one herbivore and one parasitoid species. In agro-systems, however, parasitoids forage in complex habitats and the subsequent interactions that involve diverse plants communities have only been studied for...
Miscanthus is a perennial C4-grass that has received much interest as a potential of impact on the local agroecosytem. In this context, laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the potential colonization of this new exotic plant species by three of the main aphid pest species of common crops in Picardie, northern France. In host prefere...
Temperature changes are common in nature and insects are particularly exposed and sensitive to such variations which can be potential stresses, ultimately affecting life history traits and overall fitness. Braconids have been widely used to study the effects of temperature on host-parasitoid interactions and the present work focused on the solitary...
Temperature changes are common in nature and insects are particularly exposed and sensitive to such variations which can be potential stresses, ultimately affecting life history traits and overall fitness. Braconids have been widely used to study the effects of temperature on host-parasitoid interactions and the present work focused on the solitary...
The effects of the infection of potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants by the nonpersistent Potato virus Y (PVY) were studied on the host plant colonization behavior of different colonizing (Myzus persicae) and
noncolonizing (Aphis fabae, Brevicoryne brassicae, and Sitobion avenae aphid species. The underlying questions of this study were to know how ap...
Mineral oil has been considered for several decades as an effective mean to control aphids and reduce the spread of non-persistent
viruses. Mineral oil seems to reduce virus transmission efficiency interfering with the binding of the virions in the aphid
stylets. However, several studies have shown the possible disruption of host selection process...
The use of a selective insecticide is highly recommended for Integrated Pest Management programs. Plenum (a.i.: pymetrozine;
Syngenta Agro), a systemic insecticide, is regarded as a good candidate for use in situations where plant-sucking insects
have to be controlled and where natural enemies can play a substantial role as biological control agent...
Although mineral oil spray is one of the most effective ways to control the transmission of non-persistent aphid-borne viruses in the field, its mode of action is poorly understood. In this study, the effects of mineral oil treatment of potato plants on host selection behaviour, growth, and reproduction of potato aphids, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Tho...
This chapter presents a series of behavioral studies designed to document how Leptopilina spp. learn fruit odours in order to find and explore host-infested fruits. Experimental analyses of conditioned responses explored individual learning, physiological changes and genetic variability as adaptive mechanisms of the host searching behavior. Both or...
The effects of potato [Solanum tuberosum L. (Solanaceae)] plant damage on the host plant-selection behaviour of the potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas (Homoptera: Aphididae), were studied. The damage inflicted to the plant was only of short duration and observations on aphid behaviour were made immediately following plant damage. The under...
The relative roles of olfaction and vision in the crepuscular host-finding process of a major lepidopteran pest of cruciferous crops, the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella are investigated in a series of laboratory and semi-field experiments. Flying female moths use volatile plant chemical cues to locate and to promote landing on their host, e...
Protease inhibitors (PIs) have been shown to cause lethal and sublethal effects on aphids depending on the kind of PI and aphid species. Therefore, these proteins might affect aphid parasitoids directly by inhibiting their digestive proteolysis or indirectly via their development in a less suitable host. In our study, the risk of exposure and the p...
Transgenic potatoes transformed with a gene encoding snowdrop lectin (GNA) have been shown to be partially resistant to aphids. Aphid parasitoids are important natural biocontrol agents of aphids. They are endoparasitoids during their larval/pupal stages and free-living insects as adults and could be directly or indirectly affected by GNA during bo...
Abstract This study aims to investigate the genetic variability of olfactory responses to odours from the host habitat, involved in host selection by insect parasitoids. The probing response of females to fruit and non-fruit odours was studied in Leptopilina boulardi Barbotin et al. (Hymenoptera, Figitidae), a parasitoid of the frugivorous Drosophi...
In parasitoid insects, successful offspring development depends on the female’s ability to find a suitable host. Specific recognition is often based on responses to olfactory cues, but their source and nature have rarely been determined.
–This paper deals with the recognition of odours involved in host location by Leptopilina boulardi[Barbotin, Car...
Aphid parasitoids are important biological control agents. The possibility arises that whilst foraging on insect-resistant transgenic plants, they are themselves at risk from direct and indirect effects of the expression of a transgene used to control the pest species. A liquid artificial diet was successfully used to deliver the snowdrop lectin (G...
Snowdrop lectin (Galanthus nivalis agglutinin, GNA) confers partial resistance to several aphid species when incorporated into an artificial diet and/or expressed in transgenic potato. First-tier laboratory-scale experiments were conducted to assess the potential effect of GNA on the longevity and fecundity of female parasitoid Aphelinus abdominali...
Snowdrop lectin (Galanthus nivalis agglutinin, GNA), has been shown to confer partial resistance to two potato aphids Myzus persicae and Aulacorthum solani, when incorporated in artificial diet and/or expressed in transgenic potato. First-tier laboratory-scale experiments were conducted to assess the potential effect of GNA on the aphid parasitoid...
Transgenic potatoes have been transformed with a gene coding the snowdrop lectin Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA) and they have been shown to be partially resistant to aphids. GNA binds to insect gut cells, including those of aphids, consequently inducing disruption of nutrient assimilation. Aphid parasitoids are important natural biocontrol agen...
Université Picardie Jules Verne, EA 4698 "Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés". 1, rue des Louvels, F-80037 Amiens Cedex. Equipe Bio-écologie des Insectes Phytophages et Entomophages, 33 rue Saint-Leu, F-80039 Amiens Cedex 1, France. Téléphone/Télécopie: +33 3 22 82 75 47. *Auteur correspondant: aude.couty@u-picardie.fr, Téléphone/téléco...
