Attalla El-kott

• Ph.D.
• King Khalid University

The house fly, Musca domestica L., plays a crucial role as a mechanical vector for a variety of pathogens that impact both humans and animals, highlighting the need for effective control measures. Conventional approaches, including sanitation and waste management, exhibit certain constraints, resulting in a dependence on synthetic insecticides that...

Dengue fever is a viral disease caused by dengue virus which can transmit via the bite of Aedes aegypti mosquito. Dengue fever is an endemic disease in more than hundred countries. It is a real problem worries the world where 390 million dengue infections occur every year. A 500,000 of dengue cases develop to severe and 25,000 deaths. As the failur...

Erythromycin, a persistent antibiotic pollutant, poses challenges for wastewater treatment due to its stability and resistance to biodegradation. The current paper was designed to synthesize three solid adsorbents: nickel ferric-layered double hydroxide (NF), zinc oxide nanoparticles (Z), and zinc oxide/nickel ferric-layered double hydroxide compos...

This work was designed to compare the histochemical, immunohistochemical, and stereological features of the parotid and mandibular glands of sheep and goat as representative for ovine and caprine species. The parotid gland was serous in both species, while the mandibular gland was a mixed one. Mucous acini were Periodic Acid-Schiff positive and Ald...

Globally, the incidence and prevalence rates of ulcerative colitis (UC) show a rising pattern. The limited efficacy and significant adverse effects associated with current treatment options underscore the need for novel therapeutic approaches. It has been found that linagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, activates AMPK in different diseas...

The present investigation aimed to analyze the uropygial gland's (UG) histological architecture and histochemical variation in the domestic pigeon at four posthatching age stages. The small and relatively undeveloped UG was observed at 1-day-old, and then the gland started to increase in size and complexity with age to reach its full functional siz...

The present work provides an environmentally benign method for the in situ-supported Au nanoparticles on the graphene oxide surface modified by chitosan polymers (GO@CSP/Au NPs). The synthesized GO@CSP/Au NPs’ physicochemical properties are further validated using a number of characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourie...

The current study outlines the simple process of designing Au nanoparticles (NPs) under mild conditions using gelatin as a natural capping and reducing agent. Through the use of UV–Vis (ultraviolet–visible), FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy, TEM (transmission electron microscopy), FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscopy),...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the main neurodegenerative disorder affecting motor activity, there are different pathophysiological pathways contributing to its development including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, Lewy’s bodies accumulation, and impaired autophagy. Vinpocetine is an herbal extract with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activitie...

This chapter explores how to regulate programmed cell death and its relevance in cancer therapy. It points to the need of investigate mechanisms of cell death, like apoptosis, necroptosis, and, more recently, exposed ferroptosis, while creating approaches for the treatment of malignant diseases. In spite of progress in the field of targeted therapi...

Different types of cancers affect the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), starting from the oral cavity and extending to the colon. In general, most of the current research focuses on the systemic delivery of the therapeutic agents, which leads to undesired side effects and a limited enhancement in the therapeutic outcomes. As a result, localized deliver...

Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a pivotal molecular chaperone with multifaceted roles in cellular health and disease. Herein, we explore how HSP90 orchestrates cellular stress responses, particularly through its partnership with heat shock factor 1 (HSF-1). PU-H71, a selective inhibitor of HSP90, demonstrates significant potential in cancer therap...

In the realm of nanobiotechnology the bio-inspired and bioengineered nanoparticles have immense impetus in view of their unique and diverse implications. This research describes an eco-friendly method for the in situ synthesis of an Ag NP fabricated over gellan gum functionalized Fe3O4 NPs (Fe3O4@gellan gum-Ag) and its subsequent catalytic and biol...

Cisplatin, a widely used chemotherapeutic agent, has proven efficacy against various malignancies. However, its clinical utility is hampered by its dose-limiting toxicities, including nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, neurotoxicity, and myelosuppression. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of cisplatin toxicity, encompassing its underly...

Introduction Prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) is a pivotal druggable target implicated in diverse biological processes and linked to the development of various ailments, including neurodegenerative disorders. While conventional peptide-based inhibitors have been a centerpiece, their limitations, such as restricted bioavailability, necessitate exploratio...

Herein, we have devised a green protocol for the biogenicmadeAu NPs mediated over natural and biological macromolecules derived from Quince (Cydoniaoblonga) seed mucilage (QSM). The intrinsic phytomolecules were utilized as effective reducing agent for the gold ions under ultrasonic conditions. They also enabled the Au NPs to stabilize inherently b...

Liver inflammatory diseases are marked by serious complications. Notably, nicardipine (NCD) has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties, but its benefits in liver inflammation have not been studied yet. However, the therapeutic efficacy of NCD is limited by its short half-life and low bioavailability. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the potential...

Therapeutics that interfere with the damage/pathogen-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs/PAMPs) have evolved as promising candidates for hepatic inflammation like that occurring in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In the current study, we examined the therapeutic impact of the phosphodiesterase-1 inhibitor vinpocetine (Vinpo), alone or w...

Viral colonization was substantially reduced in banana plants that were foliar sprayed with Citosan NanoParticle, CS-NPs, solution. Banana plants treated with CS-NPs showed different levels of protection against Banana Streak Virus, BSV, compared with the untreated control plants. Banana plants treated with CS-NPs at a rate of 200 mg L−1, pre-inocu...

The current work attempted to examine the histological and immunohistochemical features of the pancreas in the southern white-breasted hedgehog (Erinaceus concolor). Five adult male individuals were used in this study. Utilizing hematoxylin and eosin as well as Masson's trichrome, staining was performed on paraffin sections of the pancreas. Immunof...

A unique starch-green tea extract composite was synthesized following a bio-inspired ‘green’ method under ultrasonication. The polar hydroxyl organofunction over the starch is coordinated with the polyphenolic phytochemicals of green tea extract to form a stable composite hydrogel. The materials were structurally analyzed through several instrument...

The current research demonstrates the design, synthesis and development of a bio-inspired and green formulated nanomedicines to combat human lung cancer. The application of phytochemicals modified biocompatible nanocomposites have been an immense thrust towards biological investigations and medicinal therapeutics. In this regard, we have developed...

Economically viable and eco-friendly potato starch (PS) was employed to synthesize Au NPs under ultrasound irradiation. PS phytochemicals have the function of a green reductant as well as an efficient stabilizer template to cap and synthesize gold nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), s...

One of the main goals of medicinal chemistry in recent years has been the development of new enzyme inhibitors and anti-cancer medicines. The isokaempferide' ability to inhibit the enzymes urease, elastase, and collagenase were also studied. The results showed that isokaempferide was the most effective compound against the assigned enzymes, with IC...

Currently, doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the medications commonly used in chemotherapy to treat different types of tumors.Nonetheless, despite being effective in multiple tumors, yet its use is limited owing to its cytotoxic effects, the therapeutic use of DOX has been limited. This work aimed to explore whether curcumin (CMN) can prevents DOX-induce...

In the current study, three novel 1,4-phenylenediamine-based chromophores (3a–3c) were synthesized and characterized and then their nonlinear optical (NLO) characteristics were explored theoretically. The characterization was done by spectroscopic analysis, i.e. FT-IR, UV-Visible, and NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Notably, these chromop...

In a recent study, we evaluated the remedial properties of gold nanoparticles (gold NPs) green-formulated by Origanum majorana on spinal cord injury in rats. UV-Vis, FE-SEM, FT-IR, and TEM tests were applied to characterize the recent gold NPs. The IC50 values of O. majorana, gold NPs, and butylated hydroxytoluene were 382, 250, and 165 µg/mL, resp...

Clove plant (Syzygium aromaticum) is one of the Myrtaceae family. It's a common flavor in food and the traditional medicine. The study's objective was to ascertain whether the clove bud aqueous extract (CAE) and CAE + nanosilver have any biological effects on immune cells and HT-29 colon cancer cell line. Nanosilver was produced through green synth...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has prevailed as a chronic health condition and has become a serious global health issue due to its numerous consequences and high prevalence. We have synthesized a series of hydrazone derivatives and tested their antidiabetic potential by inhibiting the essential carbohydrate catabolic enzyme, “α‐glucosidase.” Several approa...

We herein demonstrate a novel green mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Pistacia atlantica bark aqueous extract for the treatment of gastric cancer under in vitro conditions. Physicochemical and structural features of the nanocomposite biomaterial were assessed by several techniques like UV-Vis spectrum, transmission electron spectroscopy,...

Natural compounds, such as carotenoids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, or terpenoids, are physiologically active components found in plants (pigments), often known as phytochemicals or phytonutrients. The in vitro cytotoxic and anticolon cancer effects of biologically bavachin, bavachinin, artepillin C, and aromadendrin compounds against SW48, SNU‐C1, C...

We synthesized novel pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazin based heterocyclic compounds (4–7) and their chemical structures were ascertained by spectral techniques (NMR, FT-IR). Besides experimental investigation, density functional theory (DFT) computations with B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory were executed to obtain spectroscopic and electronic properties. Nonli...

The current work has been dedicated to the research studies on the development of green formulated nanomedicines to combat the hepatocellular carcinoma or liver cancer. Plant derived biogenic nanocomposite has been a major focus these days in the biological studies. So, herein we are prompted to develop a biocompatible and biodegradable carbonaceou...

Diabetes mellitus has a high prevalence rate and it has been deemed a severe chronic metabolic disorder with long-term complications. This research aimed to identify compounds that could potentially inhibit the vital metabolic enzyme α-glucosidase and thereby exert an anti-hyperglycemic effect. The main goal was to establish an effective approach t...

Microbial compost plays a crucial role in improving soil health, soil fertility, and plant biomass. These biofertilizers, based on microorganisms, offer numerous benefits such as enhanced nutrient acquisition (N, P, and K), production of hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and control of pathogens through induced systematic resistance. Additionally, they promo...

Panax ginseng has many therapeutic uses in medicine. In the recent research, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were formulated by the Panax ginseng aqueous extract. The synthesized AgNPs’ characterization was analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, fourier transformed infrared spectros...

Phthalates are widely distributed in our environment due to their usage in many industries, especially in plastic production, which has become an essential part of daily life. This investigation aimed to assess the potential remedial influence of lutein, a naturally occurring carotenoid, on phthalate-triggered damage to the liver and kidneys. When...

We herein demonstrate the biogenic nano-architechtonics of gold nanoparticles template over chitosan/gelatin mixed hydrogel having excellent reducing ability. The two biopolymers, i.e., chitosan and gelatin also had the capacity to stabilize as-synthesized Au NPs. Physicochemical and structural features of the nanocomposite biomaterial was assessed...

Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common metabolic disorders in the world and over the past three decades its incidence has increased drastically. α-Glucosidase inhibitors are used to control the hyperglycemic affect of T2DM. Herein, we report the synthesis, αglucosidase inhibition, structure activity relationship, pharmacokinetics...

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a more dangerous form of chronic non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In the current investigation, the influence of citicoline on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NASH was examined, both alone and in combination with Lactobacillus (probiotic). NASH was induced by feeding HFD (10% sugar, 10% lard stearin, 2%...

A lot of research has been done on using natural items as diabetes treatment. The molecular docking study was conducted to evaluate the inhibitory activities of urolithin A against α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and aldose reductase. The molecular docking calculations indicated the probable interactions and the characteristics of these contacts at an at...

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a mycotoxin that causes toxic effects on some organs. It helps the formation of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) which in turn cause oxidative damage and lipid peroxida-tion. L. arginine is an essential amino acid that has the ability to decrease ROS production that resulted from the oxidative stress. Therefore, the present...

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a mutagenic food contaminant and hepatotoxic agent that causes harms in extrahepatic tissues due to oxidative stress occurrence via reactive oxygen species production. Quer-cetin is a common flavonol that considers a potent ROS scavenger via its antioxidant activity. This study investigated quercetin's role against AFB1 induc...

The anti-cancer activities of the compounds were evaluated against KYSE-150, KYSE-30, and KYSE-270 cell lines and also on investigated esophageal line HET 1 A as a standard. Modified inhibitory impact on enzymes of collagenase and elastase were used Thring and Moon methods, respectively. Among both compounds, both of them recorded impact on cancer...

This report expresses a sustainable methodology for the in situ synthesis of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) adorned carboxymethyl lignin (CML) functionalized Fe3O4 nanocomposite (Fe3O4@CML/Ag) and its subsequent chemical and biological applications. Structural and physicochemical features of such novel material was evaluated through a number of analytical...

A biogenic synthesis of Ag NPs adorned Helleborus niger extract-modified graphene oxidenanohybrid material has been demonstrated. Initially, the Helleborus niger extract was functionalized on the surface of graphene oxide. The polyphenolic groups of plant phytochemicals facilitated the green reduction of Ag ions as well as GO to afford the Ag/H.nig...

One particularly harmful mycotoxin, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), usually triggers liver toxicity and oxidative stress in both humans and other mammals. Luteolin (LUTN), a popular active phytochemical molecule, exhibits a strong antioxidant potential. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the potential molecular mechanism in rats and determine if...

Members of the order Trypanorhyncha are cestode parasites that are frequently found infecting the muscles of several marine fish species, affecting fish health, and resulting in consumers’ rejection of fish. Fifty-two specimens of marine fish were freshly caught throughout the year 2020 from boat landing sites at the Alexandria coast along the Medi...

Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health issue with high rate of prevalence. The inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme has prime importance in the management of T2DM. This study was established to synthesize Schiff bases of 1,3-dipheny urea (3a–y) and to investigate their in vitro anti-diabetic capability via inhibiting α-glucosidase, a key...

The present study investigated the possible protective effects of melatonin on Bleomycin, Cisplatin and etoposide (BEP) chemotherapy regimens using immunohistochemistry. Forty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of ten as; group 1 as untreated control; group 2 as BEP group which received the three cycles of 21 days’ regimen each of 0.5¥...

Polycarbonate plastics for packaging and epoxy resins are both made with the industrial chemical bisphenol A (BPA). This investigation looked at the histological structure, antioxidant enzymes, and albino rats’ testis to determine how coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) impacts BPA toxicity. For the experiments, three sets of 18 male adult rats were created: grou...

Abstract Aloe vera possesses a great therapeutic importance in traditional medicine. It has attracted the attention of modern medical fields due to its wide pharmacological applications. The bioactive substances in Aloe vera proved to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral properties. Taken into our consideration the long...

Liver fibrosis is a chronic progressive disease, its resolution still unclear, and the current study explored the role of melatonin in modulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-4 (IL-4), transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1) and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor-associated protein/Endo180 (uPARAP/Endo180) pathway in thioacetamide (...

Herein, a bio-inspired synthetic method for Ag NP adorned biofunctionalized magnetic nanocomposite has been demonstrated. In the procedure, Mentha longifolia flower extract was employed as a template for the green reduction of immobilized Ag ions to corresponding NPs and subsequent stabilization. The phytochemical modification also facilitated the...

In this study, we have prepared mono-dispersed gold nanoparticles using the aqueous extract of Quince . The effective phytocompounds in the extract carried out the function as both reducing and stabilizing agents in the synthesis of Au NPs. The reduction of Au ³⁺ ions into Au ⁰ NPs was indicated by a visual transform in color from pale yellow to de...

Regarding applied, facile, green chemical research, a bio-inspired approach is being reported for the sonochemical synthesis of Ag nanoparticles by Aloe vera gel extract as a natural reducing/stabilising and solid support agent without using any toxic and harmful reagent. The biosynthesized Ag NPs/A. vera gel bionanocomposite was characterised by a...

In the recent years, bio-functionalized noble metal doped advanced magnetics nanocomposite materials has been materialized as potential featured catalysts in diverse applications. In this connection, we report herein a novel biogenic lignin driven Au nanoparticle supported Fe3O4 composite material. The procedure is free from any harsh reducing or s...

The present work was designed to investigate the microscopic structure of the oesophagus in the southern white‐breasted hedgehog (Erinaceus concolor) using histochemical staining, Scanning electron microscope (SEM), and stereological procedures. Four adult males were included in our study. Serial sections of the entire length of the oesophagus were...

The Osborne sequential extraction procedure was performed to extract proteins from Arthrospira platensis (A. platensis). The physicochemical description of the extracted proteins yielded three fractions (albumins (Alb, 51.5%), globulins (Glb, 2.4%), and prolamins (Pro, 46.1%)). No glutelin-like proteins (Glu) were found in this microalga. FTIR spec...

Flavonoid compounds are a group of polyphenolic molecules that are in vegetables, fruit, and grain. Laboratory studies and epidemiological investigations have indicated diverse beneficial biochemical properties of flavonoids, including anticancer, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and anti-osteoporosis. We have recorded results for the 3-hydroxy-3...

Polycarbonate plastics for packaging and epoxy resins are both made with the industrial chemical bisphenol A (BPA). This investigation looked at the histological structure, antioxidant enzymes, and albino rats' testis to determine how Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) impacts BPA toxicity. For the experiments, 18 adult male rats were broken into three groups: g...