Atef M. Saleem

South Valley University · Animal and Poultry Production Department

Objective: Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of inclusion of a commercial probiotic (PRO) contains a mixture of two strains of Pediococcus, Pediococcus acidilactici (1 x 106 cfu/g) and Pediococcus pentosaceus (1.3 x 106 cfu/g), with a dextrose as the carrier compound to a diet based on concentrate mixture and wheat straw on gr...

This in vitro batch culture study investigated the effects of red osier dogwood (ROD) extract supplementation on gas production (GP), dry matter disappearance (DMD), and fermentation characteristics in high forage (HF) and high grain (HG) diets with varying media pH level. The experiment was a factorial arrangement of treatments in a completely ran...

The effect of cicer milkvetch (Astragalus cicer L.) and sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) on ruminal fermentation, methane production, and microbial nitrogen synthesis was assessed in two experiments. Experiment 1 analyzed two legumes, cicer milkvetch and sainfoin at two stages (vegetative and late flower) incubated with alfalfa (Medicago sati...

The digestive system of newborn ruminant functions is similar to monogastric animals, and therefore milk flows into the abomasum instead of rumen for digestion. The rumen undergoes tremendous changes over time in terms of structure, function, and microbiome. These changes contribute to the smooth transition from the dependence on liquid diets to so...

The nutritional value of whole crop wheat hay (WCWH) harvested at different maturation stages are different, and its feeding effects on dairy cows have not been thoroughly evaluated. In this study, the in vitro digestibility of whole wheat (Nongda 22) hay harvested during the flowering, late milk and dough stages were evaluated using batch culture...

Abstract Background Brewers’ spent grain (BSG) typically contains 20% – 29% crude protein (CP) with high concentrations of glutamine, proline and hydrophobic and non-polar amino acid, making it an ideal material for producing value-added products like bioactive peptides which have antioxidant properties. For this study, protein was extracted from B...

This study investigated the effect of kernel hardness, processing method, and their interaction on particle size, dry matter (DM) disappearance (DMD), and fermentation characteristics of wheat grain in batch cultures. The study was a completely randomized design with 3 wheat classifications (soft, medium, hard) × 3 processing methods (grinding, dry...

Red osier dogwood (ROD) is native shrub plant in Canada and rich in bioactive compounds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of ROD extract supplementation in a high-forage (HF) diet on gas production (GP), dry matter (DM) disappearance (DMD) and fermentation characteristics in batch cultures with varying media pH. The study was...

This study investigated the effects of three pine-based biochar products on nutrient disappearance, total gas and methane (CH4) production, rumen fermentation, microbial protein synthesis, and rumen microbiota in a rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC) fed a barley-silage-based total mixed ration (TMR). Treatments consisted of 10 g TMR supplemented...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) and red-osier dogwood (ROD) extract on in vitro fermentation characteristics, nutrient disappearance, and microbial profiles using the rumen simulation technique. The experiment was a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of processing index (PI) of barley grain and dietary undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentration on dry matter (DM) intake, chewing activity, ruminal pH and fermentation characteristics, total tract digestibility, gastrointestinal burrier function, and blood metabolites of finis...

This study investigated the effects of including biochars, which differed in post-pyrolysis treatment, on nutrient disappearance, total gas and methane (CH4) emissions, rumen fermentation, microbial protein synthesis and rumen microbiota in an artificial rumen system (RUSITEC) fed a barley silage-based diet. The basal diet contained (g/kg dry matte...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of processing index (PI, weight after processing/weight before processing × 100) of barley grain and dietary undegradable fiber (uNDF, 240 h of incubation in rumen) concentration on DM intake (DMI), ruminal pH and fermentation characteristics of finishing beef cattle. Six ruminally cannulat...

This study investigated the effects of post-pyrolysis treated biochar on nutrient disappearance, total gas and methane (CH4) production, rumen fermentation and microbial protein synthesis in an artificial rumen system (RUSITEC) fed a barley silage-based diet. The basal diet consisted of 60% barley silage, 27% barley grain, 10% canola meal and 3% mi...

The objective was to investigate the effects of processing index (PI, weight after processing/weight before processing × 100) of barley grain and dietary undegradable fiber (uNDF, 240 h of incubation in rumen) concentration on chewing behavior (3 days, video recording) and feed sorting of finishing beef cattle. Six ruminally cannulated beef heifers...

This study evaluated the impact of adding biochar to a grass hay-based diet on in vitro dry matter disappearance (DMD), total gas production (GP), methane production (CH4), volatile fatty acid (VFA) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) concentration. Treatments were arranged in a factorial design with 7 biochar products differing in origin (pine or coconut...

Red osier dogwood (ROD) is an abundant native shrub plant in Canada and rich in phenolic compounds with antimicrobial properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of ROD extract supplementation on gas production (GP), DM disappearance (DMD) and fermentation characteristics in batch cultures with varying media pH. The study wa...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of barley type (two-row versus six-row) and processing method (grinding, dry-rolling and temper-rolling) on processing quality, dry matter (DM) disappearance (DMD), and fermentation characteristics in batch culture. The study was a completely randomized design with 2 barley types × 3 proces...

Background: Brewers’ spent grain (BSG) contains 20 ~ 29% protein with high amount of glutamine, proline and hydrophobic and non-polar amino acid residues, making it an ideal material for producing value-added products like bioactive peptides. Protein were extracted from BSG, hydrolyzed with 1% alcalase and flavourzyme, and the generated protein hyd...

Background Brewers’ spent grain (BSG) typically contains 20 ~ 29% crude protein (CP) with high concentrations of glutamine, proline and hydrophobic and non-polar amino acid, making it an ideal material for producing value-added products like bioactive peptides which have antioxidant properties. For this study, protein was extracted from BSG, hydrol...

This study evaluated the effect of combinations of feed-grade urea and slow-release urea (SRU) on fermentation and microbial protein synthesis within two artificial rumens (Rusitec) fed a finishing concentrate diet. The experiment was a completely randomized, dose–response design with SRU substituted at levels of 0% (control), 0.5%, 1%, or 1.75% of...

Limited freshwater resources and climatic change are major challenge face animal production industry, especially in the arid and semiarid regions. Climate changes are reflected in global warming and rainfall reduction, which in turn may increase the salinity of both soil and water. Within the reclamation strategy, groundwater will be the main sourc...

Betaine (trimethylglycine) is a nontoxic methylamine compound contains the amino acid glycine with three chemically reactive methyl groups. This review gives an overview of the roles of betaine as a feed additive on the performance, carcass, meat quality in livestock production. Biological functions of betaine are defined as an osmolyte, methyl don...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a phytogenic feed additive (Digestarom® (DA), Biomin, Getzersdorf, Austria) on growth performance, feed intake, carcass traits, and liver abscesses of finishing beef steers. One hundred and twenty Angus × Charolais crossbred steers (initial BW 488 ± 26.5 kg) were used in a 110-d feeding experi...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a recombinant fibrolytic enzyme (RFE; xylanase XYL10C) on ruminal pH and fermentation characteristics, total tract digestibility and nitrogen balance in beef heifers. The experiment was a cross-over design with two treatments and two periods, using eight ruminal cannulated beef heifers....

This study investigated the effects of adding sunflower screenings, flax screenings and quinoa to a hay-based diet on ruminal fermentation, DM digestibility (DMD) and enteric methane (CH4) production in an artificial rumen system (RUSITEC). The experiment was a RCBD with 4 treatments assigned to 16 fermentation vessels (n = 4/treatment) in 2 RUSITE...

The objectives were to investigate the effect of supplementing brewers’ spent grain (BSG) protein hydrolysates on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility, gas production and microbial protein synthesis in Rusitec. The experiment was a completely randomized design with four treatments assigned to sixteen fermenters in two Rusitec apparatuses. Pro...

The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products (SCFP; NaturSafe® and Original XPC™, Diamond V) on growth performance and antimicrobial resistance in beef steers. Ninety Angus steers (initial BW=533±9.8 kg) were assigned to a randomized complete design with 6 treatments: 1) control (10% barl...

This study investigated the effects of engineered biocarbon on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, total gas and methane (CH4) emissions, and microbial protein synthesis in a rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC) fed a barley silage-based TMR. The basal diet consisted of 60% barley silage, 27% barley grain, 10% canola meal and 3% minerals. T...

The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of betaine on the growth performance, blood parameters, and histopathology of growing lambs offered fresh or saline water. A total of 20 healthy Ossimi male lambs, aged 9 months, were randomly assigned to four treatments (n=5). Lambs received NaCI (0% or 1.5%) with drinking water and betaine (0 or 250...

The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products (SCFP; NaturSafe®, SCFPns; and Original XPC™, XPC; Diamond V) on growth performance, carcass traits, immune response and antimicrobial resistance in beef steers fed high-grain diets. Ninety Angus steers (initial body weight [BW], 533 ± 9.8 kg)...

Abstact The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a phytogenic feed additive (Digestarom [DA]; Biomin, Getzersdorf, Austria) on growth performance, feed intake, carcass traits, fatty acid composition, and liver abscesses of finishing steers. One hundred twenty Angus × Charolais crossbred steers (488 ± 26.5 kg) were used in a 110-d fee...

A metabolism study was conducted using 8 ruminal cannulated beef heifers to investigate the effects of a recombinant fibrolytic enzyme (RFE; xylanase XYL10C) selected specifically for forage fed ruminants on ruminal pH, fermentation, nitrogen balance and total tract digestibility of heifers. The experiment was a cross-over design with 2 treatments...

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the use of naturally sourced feed additives that consisted of lactobacillus fermentation products (LFPs), plant based enzymes and prebiotics as alternatives to antibiotics in the diets of growing and finishing beef steers. The feed additives were two commercial products: Bio-Lac Plus (BL) and Boviglo (BG). Du...

The objective of this study is to evaluate the ability of betaine to overcome the harmful effects of drinking saline water and its effect on the body weight, blood parameters, histopathological findings in growing lambs. A total number of twenty healthy Ossimi male lambs, aged 9 months and initial body weight of 31.5 kg, were assigned to four treat...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of adding engineered biocarbon to a high forage diet on ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestion and enteric methane production in an artificial rumen system (RUSITEC). The experiment was a completely randomized block design with four treatments assigned to sixteen fermentation vessels (4/t...

The objective was to evaluate the effects of feeding two commercial feed additives: Bio-Lac Plus (BL; Bio-Ag Consultants Ltd, Wellesley) and Boviglo (BG; Natures Wave, Milverton) on growth performance of growing beef steers. Both products are naturally sourced feed supplement that contains a lactobacillus fermentation product, plant based enzymes a...

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) hay treated with calcium oxide (CaO) and molasses on performance of growing beef cattle. Ninety-six growing Bos taurus and Bos indicus heifers (250 ± 29 kg of BW) and steers (256 ± 45 kg of BW) were used in a randomized complete block design. The experiment consist...

The objective of this study was to determine the effects Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product (SCFP, NaturSafe®, DiamondV) on ruminal fermentation and site and extent of feed digestion in beef heifers. Five ruminally and duodenally cannulated beef heifers (BW=561 ± 11.7 kg) were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square design with 28-d periods (21-d a...

This study investigated the effect of AFEX treated wheat straw and exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (Viscozyme®) on feed digestibility, rumen fermentation, and microbial protein synthesis using the rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC). The experiment was a completely randomized block design with four treatments assigned to sixteen vessels (4/treatment)...

The objective was to evaluate the effects of supplementing ruminally protected and non-protected active dried yeast (ADY; AB Vista, UK) on blood metabolites, acute phase protein and immune response of beef steers. Seventy-five Angus steers (initial BW 448 kg) were blocked by BW and assigned to a randomized complete block design with five treatments...

This study investigated the effect of citric acid (CA) concentration and steeping time (ST) treatment of ground corn on ruminally resistant starch (RRS) contents and subsequent effects on starch resistance to rumen degradation using batch culture technique. It was hypothesized that CA concentration and ST are keys affecting the RRS in CA treated gr...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing the diet of finishing beef steers with active dried yeast (ADY) in ruminally protected and nonprotected forms on growth performance, carcass traits, and immune response. Seventy-five individually-fed Angus steers (initial body weight (BW) ± SD, 448 ± 8.4 kg) were assigned to a...

To examine the effectiveness of Bio-Lac Plus (BL) and Boviglo (BG) as alternatives of antibiotics on growth performance and health of growing steers.

The objective was to evaluate the effects of supplementing ruminally protected and non-protected active dried yeast (ADY; AB Vista, UK) on blood metabolites, acute phase protein and immune response of beef steers. Seventy-five Angus steers (initial BW 448 kg) were blocked by BW and assigned to a randomized complete block design with five treatments...

The objective was to evaluate the effects of supplementing ruminally protected and non-protected active dried yeast (ADY; AB Vista, UK) on growth performance and carcass traits of beef steers. Seventy-five Angus steers (initial BW 448 kg) were assigned to a randomized complete block design with five treatments: control (no additives), antibiotics (...

To determine the effects of supplementing diets with rumen protected vs. non-protected ADY on blood metabolites and immune response in finishing beef steers

The study objective was to investigate the effects of site of delivering Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product (SCFP) on ruminal pH and fermentation characteristics, and the site and extent of feed digestion in the digestive tract of beef heifers fed high-grain diets. Examining the ruminal and postruminal effects of SCFP is important for un...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of adding engineered biocarbon to a high-forage diet on ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestion, and enteric methane (CH4) production in a semi-continuous culture artificial rumen system (RUSITEC). The experiment was a completely randomized block design with four treatments assigned to six...

Effect of substituting different levels of sun-dried Moringa Oliefra leaves for the source of protein in early weaning rabbits rations on production performance and digestion coefficients and some blood constituents. A M Singer 1,Atef Saleem2 1- Department animal production and poultry, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Aswan Universit...

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing corn with an increasing concentration of high-purity glycerol (>99%) on growth performance, economical efficiency, blood constituents and nutrient digestibility of growing lambs. In experiment one, 24 male lambs (initial BW=33.6±6.0 kg; age=6.75±0.75 months) were randomly assigned...