Atef Ghandour

• Doctor of Engineering
• Senior Research Scientist at Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AEnRI)

Animal-based foods such as meat, fish, egg, and milk, are the most important sources of protein with high biological value. But the shelf life of these products is very short due to the higher moisture content. Drying is widely used for the preservation of a large number of food materials because the dried products are more stable during storage. C...

Starch is the principal source of stored energy in plants, and its chemical composition varies depending on the botanical source of the starch. There are several different sources of starch, including conventional and non-conventional sources. The conventional sources of starch comprise cereal grains; tubers; roots; the pith of the sago plant; and...

This experiment was conducted at a private vineyard called El-Wafrah Farm on a desert road to the El-Minya Governorate, Samalout Centre, Egypt. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ultrasonic treatment (MAXGROW device 4 inches) on the salinization of underground wells in Minya, Egypt, by studying the effect of ultrasound on some physical a...

Clogging is a serious problem in drip irrigation, especially when using saline groundwater; this may cause uneven water distribution. However, efficient and environmentally friendly methods are rarely available for mitigating clogging. In the present study, an innovative and environmentally friendly technology using ultrasonic waves within radio fr...

The edible oil industry is an important sector in food industry, and the growing demand for higher-quality edible oils has led to an growing interest in the edible oil industry in recent years. Vegetable oils are generally obtained from oilseeds in crude form by solvent extraction, pressing, or their combination. Crude vegetable oils contain some u...

In recent years, consumers have become more aware of what they consume, and interest in healthy, nutritive, and safe fruit juices has recently increased. Fruit juices are an important source of antioxidant compounds such as polyphenols (phenolics and flavonoids), vitamins, and minerals, which have health-promoting effects due to their antioxidant p...

A worldwide indication of the amount of water used in the manufacturing cycle of commodities is called the "Water Footprint." The entire amount of freshwater used or contaminated throughout a commodity's manufacturing is known as its "water footprint." Water consumption mostly refers to the amount of water that plants need during the growth season...

Nowadays, expanded cereal grains are greatly gaining popularity because they are easy to digest, light, crispy, and the most interesting that these products are ready for eating. Popping and puffing are simple and low-cost processes used for producing crispy-expanded products with an open porous structure, such as popcorn, puffed rice, and popped/p...

The water footprint (WF), based on irrigation water quality, is important as a decision-making tool for crop selection based on the comparative advantage of water consumption and yield to maximize agricultural water productivity and sustainably improve water use efficiency. This paper presents a generic link between climate variability and water fo...

A field experiment was conducted in a private farm (30 o 40' N latitude, 32 o 15' E longitude , and 10.0 m above mean sea level), Ismailia Governorate, Egypt, during the 2020 and 2021 summer growing seasons. The aim was to study the effect of four irrigation treatments (125, 100, 75% ETo, and farmer practice) on pearl millet forage yield. Average a...

A field experiment was conducted in a private farm (30 o 40' N latitude, 32 o 15' E longitude , and 10.0 m above mean sea level), Ismailia Governorate, Egypt, during the 2020 and 2021 summer growing seasons. The aim was to study the effect of four irrigation treatments (125, 100, 75% ETo, and farmer practice) on pearl millet forage yield. Average a...

This project investigated the relative efficiencies of three pilot-scale constructed columns for enhancing drainage wastewater treatment processes to ensure compliance with Egyptian and international water quality criteria. In this investigation, basic materials (sand and gravel) and variable natural clay minerals zeolite (Z), diatomite (D) and ben...

This study deals with the manufacture of a specific cocoa-like powder from Egyptian carob. The crucial unit operation consists of texturing/roasting unseeded carob kibbles, with the aim being to ensure perfect control of the chemical transformations that generate the desired flavor, drying to remove excess moisture, deodorizing to eliminate the und...

This study deals with the manufacture of a specific cocoa-like powder from Egyptian carob. The crucial unit operation consists of texturing/roasting unseeded carob kibbles, with the aim being to ensure perfect control of the chemical transformations that generate the desired flavor, drying to remove excess moisture, deodorizing to eliminate the und...

This study is aimed at comparing swell drying versus conventional shade drying and optimizing the texturing by instant controlled pressure drop (DIC) of green okra pods. Differences in quality attributes such as the content of flavonoids, carotenoids, and chlorophyll pigments, functional characteristics such as the antioxidant activity (AOA), micro...

Water footprint (WF) accounting as proposed by the Water Footprint Network (WFN) can potentially provide important information for water resource management, especially in water-scarce countries relying on irrigation to help meet their food requirements. The agricultural water footprint addresses the quantification of water consumption in agricultur...

The experiments were carried out at Moshtohor, Kalubia governorate (latitude, 30° 21′N; longitude, 31° 14′E; and elevation, 14 m), during 2015/2016 growing seasons to test model application of wheat under Egyptian conditions. A computer application program has been developed as Consumptive Use Program plus (CUP plus) as it is an application that ca...

The experiments were carried out at Moshtohor, Kalubia governorate [Latitude: 30 o 21`N, Longitude: 31 o 14`E and Elevation: 14 m] during 2015/16 growing seasons to test model application of wheat under Egyptian conditions. A computer application program has been developed as Consumptive Use Program plus (CUP plus) as is an application, can estimat...

The Egyptian agriculture is facing a water shortage problem, which will need to improve irrigation techniques and to find out the possible ways to rationalize irrigation water. Water scarcity has become an increasing constraint to the economic development, particularly of agriculture which is the biggest water consumer, and unreliable water service...

The aim of the present study is to develop, construction and to evaluate the performance a fodder-bales chopper. The developed fodder-bales chopper consists of frame, chopper drum (cutting knives-hammers mills-cutting knives and hammers mills), feeding platform and feeding housing. Theoretical analysis was conducted to estimate the chopper shaft di...

The aim of the present study is to develop, construction and to evaluate the performance a fodder-bales chopper. The developed fodder-bales chopper consists of frame, chopper drum (cutting knives - hammers mills - cutting knives and hammers mills), feeding platform and feeding housing. Theoretical analysis was conducted to estimate the chopper shaf...

The aim of the present study is to develop, construction and to evaluate the performance a fodder-bales chopper. The developed fodder-bales chopper consists of frame, chopper drum (cutting knives-hammers mills-cutting knives and hammers mills), feeding platform and feeding housing. Theoretical analysis was conducted to estimate the chopper shaft di...

Solar thermal systems that produce potable water from salty water have been studied for quite some years, and the use of solar energy to produce potable water was known in ancient Egypt. Water distillation by using Solar still is provided with a cascade mesh material welded with on absorber sheet is designed and tested in the present investigation....

The ASCE-EWRI recently published a report on the estimation of reference evapotranspiration for short canopies (ETo) and tall canopies (ETr) using a modified Penman-Monteith equation. Currently, another EWRI committee is developing crop coefficient (Kc) values to estimate crop evapotranspiration by multiplying by either ETo or ETr. Most crop coeffi...

The experiment was performed under greenhouse condition. Six chickpea varieties were surveyed to cultivate in cylindrical plastic drainable lysimeters and subjected to four water salinity levels (fresh water as control, water of 3, 6 and 9 dS/m). The work was divided into two parts, the first, is the germination part, to identify the proper salt c...

5- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION The aim of the present work is to study the effects of single and multi-staging, different brine kinds, heat exchanger, water salinity and internal pressures on the productivity and efficiency of the multi-stage solar stills to choose the suitable previous characteristics to work at natural conditions The solar still had...

This investigation was carried out at Sharkia province's lands. The main objective of this research is to determine the suitable size of hydraulic excavator machines and recognize on the annual activity to obtain highly working hour with highly efficiency during all year long Through obtained data, the conclusion of this study can be summarized as...

Hassan, M., A.; M., A., El-Shazly and A. F., Ghandour 1994. Cycle time distribution and annual activity for different hydraulic excavators machines. Misr J. of Agric. Eng. Vol. 11, No. 4, October 1994.

Hassan, M., A.; M., A., El-Shazly and A. F., Ghandour 1994, A study on different hydraulic excavators under Egyptian conditions. Misr J. of Agric. Eng. Vol. 11, No. 3, July 1994.