Atanu Santra

• B. Tech, M. Tech, PhD
• Lead Engineer at Collins Aerospace

NavIC is a regional navigation system developed by India; NavIC signal is available in the central/primary service area covering the Indian landmass and 1500 km around India, and for the areas falling in the extended/secondary service region laying between latitude 30° S to 50° N and longitude 30° E to 130° E. Advantages and quality of NavIC-based...

In missile test ranges, complex missions demand precise trajectory generated by radar. Both the radar and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals are affected by atmospheric effects, degrading their accuracy and performance. The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System/Navigation with Indian Constellation (IRNSS/NavIC) transmits signal...

Galileo and NavIC, respectively, are two operational global and regional satellite-based navigation systems maintained by civilian authorities. Hybrid operation of a global and a regional system offers advantages for the user community within the service area of the regional system. In view of the signal structure similarity of Galileo and NavIC, h...

Real-time environmental data acquisition and monitoring is a significant aspect of IoT-enabled farming to overcome the constraints in present day’s farming that includes regular monitoring of agricultural fields and adjacent weather-related information. Real-time monitoring can be achieved by measuring various parameters such as humidity, pressure,...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) sensors are increasingly considered as major sources of precise Position, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) information. Android-based smartphones contain inbuilt GNSS sensors, and they now contribute to a major global GNSS market segment. Various hardware and Android-based applications (App) developments are wi...

The International GNSS Service’s (IGS) rapid time scale (IGRT), based on IGS rapid products, is frequently used for time transfer via the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) technique. This paper studies the correlation between Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and IGRT, which has stayed well within ± 15 ns from April 2020 to the date of this submission...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals are frequently used for ionospheric studies, costly geodetic or special purpose receivers are utilized for the purpose. Compact, low-cost, dual-frequency GNSS modules are commercially available now, those are typically used for cost-effective geolocation applications. This manuscript presents the re...

The timing performance of a Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) receiver can be assessed by comparing it with a reference time standard. But it is difficult to do so if the time pulse of a standard clock is not accessible by any NavIC user. This paper proposes a novel method for this purpose that utilizes Precise Point Positioning (PPP) ti...

GPS-based forest survey is being increasingly popular over the conventional methods; signals from other operational GNSS constellations are also being used for the purpose. The forest environment is different from the open-sky and urban environments as the type, height, density of the trees and the season-dependent foliage properties degrade the GP...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is widely used for myriads of applications. Along with GPS, GLONASS and Galileo providing global coverage, BeiDou is the fourth global navigation satellite system developed, deployed and controlled by China, initiated operation science 2020. BeiDou performance from India is limitedly reported and this manus...

Geodetic or special purpose Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers are used for ionosphere monitoring and research. Dual frequency, compact, low‐cost commercial GNSS modules can provide raw GNSS data and are commonly used for positioning applications. This paper presents the applicability of these compact modules for monitoring ionosph...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) provides precise coordinate of any location. Modern Geographic Information System, Geospatial Technology and Cartography extensively use GNSS for such accurate location information. GPS developed by the USA is the most popular system for the purpose, that has received the attention of the concerned communit...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) uses Precise Point Positioning (PPP) technique to find out accurate geolocation information of any point. Generally, costly, geodetic GNSS receivers are used for PPP. This manuscript presents the results of studies on the usability of commercial, compact, cost-effective GNSS modules with commercial antennas...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) provides precise Position, Velocity, and Timing (PVT) information. Various types of receivers of varying cost and complexity are used for collection and use of GNSS data. Currently, cost-effective, compact, low power consuming, multi-constellation enabled, single, or dual-frequency GNSS modules are being in...

This presentation shows how compact GNSS modules may be used for PPP with clear cost advantages.

In a multi-GNSS (global navigation satellite system) environment with operational GPS, GLONASS and Galileo Satellites, the Asia-Oceania region is expected to get better benefits of a large number of GNSS satellites for use. However, it is witnessed that during some parts of the day, no GNSS satellite is present above 60° elevation angle from many p...

Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) is designed and deployed by Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) as an indigenous, regional navigational system to provide precise PVT information over the Indian region and surrounding areas. This paper presents a detailed analysis of NavIC visibility under open sky and constrained condition over t...

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) is used in myriads of applications for positioning, timing, and research on ionosphere.The electron density in the ionosphere varies irregularly affecting the strengths and quality of the signals passing through it. So, the researchers utilise satellite signals, especially the GNSS signals, to study the ef...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) provides precise positioning, velocity and timing (PVT) information. Currently, many global (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou) and regional (NavIC and QZSS) systems are in operation and all the signals are available from the Indian region due to the typical geographic location. A self regulating and indigenous...

Demand for increasing solution accuracy using satellite-based navigation system resulted in various techniques, methods and algorithm; by late 90s Precise Point Positioning (PPP) technique was developed and since then is being improved through active research. From the user viewpoint, PPP approach uses dual frequency, undifferenced, pseudorange and...

Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) is designed and deployed by Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) as an indigenous, regional navigational system to provide precise PVT information over the Indian region and surrounding areas. This paper presents a detailed analysis of NavIC visibility under open sky and constrained condition over t...

This presentation describes how the NMEA and/ or raw measurements using Android phones may be used for geospatial Applications

Requirement of accuracy and reliability of position solution obtained from satellite-Based navigation system provided by the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) depends on the application. In some cases, meter level precision is required while cm or mm level accuracy is required for other precision applications. Surveying is one of the import...

Global Navigation Satellite Systems are being increasingly used for myriads of applications. Along with many global systems, various regional systems are also deployed to exploit commercial potential, for strategic point of views and self-reliance. IRNSS/ NavIC is one of such regional systems developed by ISRO. NavIC enabled, costly, geodetic recei...

Besides core services like Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT), Global Navigation Satellite System GNSS) is used for atmospheric and ionosphere probing since the deployment of the systems. Costly and high data rate geodetic receivers are usually used for such research. These receivers may not be affordable for many users and cost reduction of...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is becoming increasingly popular for its various advantages and potential for use in myriads of applications. Agriculture is one of the areas where GNSS is being used for enhanced efficiency, yield and better management towards cost effectiveness and environment-friendly approach. This paper describes the i...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) provides all-weather, precise Position, Velocity and Timing (PVT) solutions from any point on the surface or near to the surface of the earth. Accuracy and global availability of solutions are the major important attributes for popularization of the system. Currently, various global and regional system (GPS...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) currently consists of many global and regional satellite constellations developed by various countries. As a result of presence of multiple constellations, signals from nearly 100 GNSS satellites in space are available for use at any point of time. From any observation point, depending on the location of th...

Indian Regional Satellite System (IRNSS) or Navigation using Indian Constellation (NavIC) is an indigenous satellite-based navigation system developed by Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO). The system consists of 4 geosynchronous satellites (GSO) and 3 geostationary (GEO) satellites. The system is designed to provide positioning service with...

Use of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is becoming increasingly popular for myriads of applications because of its various advantages. With intense initiative from Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) or NavIC became operational providing Position, Velocity and Timing (PVT) service...

From the Indian region, availability of Global Navigation Satellite System signals is better in comparison to other parts of the globe. But, for strategic viewpoint and system independence, a self-regulating and indigenous navigation system, Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) with operational name NavIC (NAVigation with Indian Cons...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is currently used for various types of applications including studies of atmosphere and space weather. Monitoring the strength of received GNSS signal is a standard method for such atmospheric research. Special purpose, costly GNSS receivers are globally used for such application by the researchers. Very re...

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) is currently used in myriads of applications. For many GNSS-based solutions like unmanned aerial vehicles, Geodesy and precision agriculture, stand-alone solution accuracy is not enough. The GNSS mass-market increasingly demands for low-cost, compact, power-efficient and high-precision position solution. R...

Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) has developed an indigenous system named Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) or NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation), that consists of 7 satellites and transmits navigation signal in L and S bands. ISRO, for validation of the system, has installed many IGS (IRNSS/GPS/SBAS) receivers...

Global Navigation Satellite System provides Position, Velocity and Timing (PVT) information. Various types of receivers of varying cost and complexity are used for collection, use and recording of GNSS data. Currently cost-effective, compact and low power consuming GNSS modules are being increasingly available those have capability of providing mod...

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) is currently used in myriads of applications and at the same time internet-based applications are also growing. In case of GNSS, stand-alone, single receiver-based position solution accuracy may not be enough in many applications like automated transporting service, unmanned air vehicle, Geodesy and agric...

Low-cost (around 100-200 US$), compact, lowpower consuming GNSS modules are being increasingly available in the global market recently; precision and capability of such modules may open new prospects of solution developments. One of the methods of enhancing the quality of solution is the use of Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) method using such modules. T...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is now popular for myriads of applications and different such global or regional systems- GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou, QZSS and NavIC are being used extensively for multidisciplinary applications. Users are adopting this technology in geographic land surveying and mapping along with conventional methods f...

With fully operational GPS, GLONASS and GALILEO, the Asia-Oceania region is expected to enjoy the benefit of large number of usable GNSS satellites in comparison to other parts of the globe [1]. But, studying real-time multi-GNSS data from the eastern part of India, absence of any trackable GNSS satellites above 60 degree elevation is witnessed reg...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is now being increasingly popular for its multiple advantages and therefore many constellations are developed by various countries those are in operation. Myriads of applications and solutions may be seen for different spheres of life and more are being developed fast. Depending on the application and user...

Currently multiple GNSS systems are operational or in active deployment phases. As the signals passes through the atmosphere and are affected by any irregularities therein, study of GNSS signal strength has been used widely for understanding the atmosphere. Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is developing a Regional System IRNSS/ NavIC with...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) now has entered into an era when multiple systems operating together. For solutions using any of the individual GNSS components, an issue is signal strength and quality degradation while operating within natural and mad-made obstructions. The situation is common for urban and semi-urban areas where mixed en...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) provide precise position, velocity and Timing (PVT) information using signals from satellites and now is used for myriads of applications. Man made or natural obstructions like high-rise buildings, tunnels, flyovers and trees lying in line of sight of the signals to the receiver is one of the major problems...

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) provide precise position, velocity and Timing (PVT) information using signals from satellites and now is used for myriads of applications. Man made or natural obstructions like high-rise buildings, tunnels, flyovers and trees lying in line of sight of the signals to the receiver is one of the major problems...

Indian region is expected to receive signal from multiple satellite-based navigation systems for multi-GNSS hybrid operation. Even in presence of GPS, GLONASS and GALILEO signals together, it is regularly found that, during some parts of the day no GNSS satellite is available above 60° elevation angle from large parts of India. This may cause probl...

IRNSS/ NavIC is the Indian contribution in satellite based navigation scenario. Being a new system, it calls for performance analysis over various real-life environments. This paper presents the initial study results on IRNSS/ NavIC-GPS hybrid operation carried out during late October 2017 from Kolkata, a metropolis of India, where degradation of s...

Indian Regional Navigation Satellite system (IRNSS) or Navigationwith Indian Constellation (NavIC) is a new regional system designed and developed by ISRO. Both L5 and S band navigation signals transmitted by the system can be utilized together by the ISRO developed IRNSS-GPS-SBAS (IGS) receiver. This paper presents the initial experiment and the r...

Indian Regional Satellite Navigation System (IRNSS), developed by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is designed to provide PVT services in and around India. Since end of April, 2016, all the planned 07 satellites (03 GEOs and 04 IGSOs) are in orbit transmitting signals in L and S-band those can be used for PVT solutions. Fully operation...

Indian Regional Satellite Navigation System (IRNSS) is developed by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) to provide positioning service for a primary service area consisting of Indian landmass plus surrounding areas up to 1500 km and for secondary area lying within the rectangle from Latitude 300 S to 500 N, Longitude 300 E to 1300 E. Curr...