Ashok Mysore

St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences · Department of Psychiatry

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) pandemic is thought to have greatly impacted families of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) due to lockdown, given lack of access to healthcare, therapy, and day‑care centers. This survey was conducted to understand the magnitude of the impact of lockdown, and its effect on the health...

SPECTRUM OF DE NOVO VARIANTS IN AUTISM: A TRIO STUDY FROM INDIAN FAMILIES Durbagula Srividhya, Ashitha S.N.M., Snijesh V.P., Aruna Korlimarla, Ashok Mysore Visweswariah St.John's National Academy of Health Sciences Background: Genetic heterogeneity underpinning Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) makes it challenging to decipher the neurological mechan...

Background: Alcohol dependence and cirrhosis are key outcomes of increased alcohol use. Genetic causes for development of these outcomes are increasingly documented. Aberrant hepatic methionine metabolism that occurs as a result of alcohol abuse is a major factor in the pathogenesis of ALD. We studied the genetics of MTHFR and MTR genes in methioni...

Limited research has investigated whether clinicians around the world find diagnostic criteria for depression that were originally developed in the West are useful with diverse populations. Using an embedded mixed-methods design in India, we examined (a) clinicians’ and trainees’ (n = 143) ratings of the usefulness of the criteria for Major Depress...

Background: Alcohol dependence and cirrhosis are key outcomes of increased alcohol use. Genetic causes for development of these outcomes are increasingly documented. 80-90% of alcohol users show evidence of fatty liver, only 10-20% progress to cirrhosis. We wish to investigate gene interaction of alcohol metabolizing genes among patients with Alcoh...

Alcohol dependence and cirrhosis are key outcomes of excessive alcohol use. We studied the interaction between genetics and epigenetics at the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) locus to understand differences in vulnerability to cirrhosis. Individuals were selected according to ICD 10 criteria for Alcohol use disorder with Cirrhosis (AUDC+ve, N=116) a...

Low & Middle-Income countries (LMIC) face a shortage of specialists to administer Brief Interventions (BIs) for Alcohol Use Disorders (AUDs). The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of a Nurse-Conducted Brief Intervention (NCBI) in achieving alcohol abstinence in males diagnosed with AUDs in gastroenterology settings. A prospec...

Epigenetics research suggests that DNA methylation profiles differ between individuals who consume excessive amounts of alcohol, and healthy individuals (Boccuto and Abenavoli, 2017) . During ethanol metabolism, acetaldehyde is converted to acetate by Alcohol dehydrogenase (ALDH). ALDH also plays a critical role in the detoxification of lipid perox...

Background: The conceptualization of autism has been under debate from the time of its identification, and recently the DSM-5 moved from a categorical to a dimensional classification of the disorder. The term Broader Autism Phenotype (BAP) is used to refer to individuals who have a cognitive and behavioural profile similar to those with ASD but to...

Introduction: Alcohol Dependence (AD) and Liver cirrhosis (ALC) are key outcomes of increased alcohol use. Genetic causes for development of these outcomes is increasingly documented. While 80-90% of heavy users show evidence of fatty liver, only 10-20 % progress to hepatitis. We wish to investigate why some individuals do not have cirrhosis despit...

207 crucial in effective implementation of curriculum. Training of psychiatric teachers should happen at state and zonal level in a periodic manner. Within the next 3 years, at least one-third faculty members of psychiatry at Indian medical institutions should be trained in the teaching-learning methodologies that are specific to psychiatry. Guidel...

Background: Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by various symptom dimensions and neurocognitive deficits. Impairment of insight is a core clinical symptom of the disorder. There has been an increasing focus on neurocognition and insight in schizophrenia; although, many studies fail to control for premorbid cognitive status. M...

Objective: There is limited information from India on whether individuals follow up with mental health services after a suicide attempt. The objective of this study was to determine follow-up rates after a suicide attempt with mental health services of those individuals treated as part of the assertive management of attempted suicide service in a g...

Heavy drinking is known to result in severe health consequences, such as alcohol dependence and liver disease. Family, twin and adoption studies have shown that genetic determinants play an important role in the development of alcohol dependence and alcohol-related disorders with heritability estimates in the range of 50-60%. Almost 90% of people...

The Postgraduate in Psychiatry should know ABC of Psychiatry and this multiauthored book provides information on all aspect of Psychiatry PG training and beyond

Background: Diabetes-related distress (DRD) is the negative emotional and psychological reaction to living with diabetes mellitus (DM). DRD has been reported to affect glycemic control and self-management practices adversely. Limited research is available on the effectiveness of psychological interventions for DRD. We aimed to study the effectiven...

A report on the distribution of autistic traits using the Social Responsiveness Scale among Indian school children.

For the last few years a group of teachers lead by Dr. Mohan Isaac has been Conducting, at state Zonal and National IPS fora to Draw attention to the need for a skilled Teachers of psychiatry. These efforts have lead to identifying a need for forming a Teachers group at State level to take their needs forward. One meeting organised at St.John’s Med...

Back ground: India’s Population >1.30 Billion , >10% of Population Have Mental Health Disorder That Needs Intervention (1), 0.3 Psychiatrist /100,000 Populations.(1) Primary Health Care Centers Run by MBBS doctors in Backbone of Health Services. In Indian MBBS Curriculum Psychiatry - 20Hrs Theory, 20 sessions of Clinical & 15 Days Internship P...

Context Mental health has currently shifted focus from “deficit” to strength-based approaches such as Resilience. Coping styles and personality factors have been well studied in Wives of persons with Alcoholism (WopA) but not Resilience. Alcohol dependence in spouse is seen as an adversity. Aims To evaluate Resilience in the WopA and explore its r...

Background: Psychiatric comorbidities worsen the outcome and increase severity of suffering in psychotic disorders. Gender differences have also been found to impact the severity and outcome in psychoses. In this background, this study attempted to compare psychiatric comorbidity between genders. Aims and objectives: The aim was to compare psych...

Autism is a developmental disorder that is biological in origin with a behavioural definition. Numerous neuropsychological theories have been suggested to explain the triad of impairments in autism. In this paper we have discussed the neuropsychology of autism with emphasis on the three frequently researched cognitive theories related to the impair...

Background and objectives: We have analyzed extant data to see if Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) and Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SADQ) assess overlapping aspects of alcoholism, and how they relate to lab measures of alcoholism. Materials and methods: Consecutive male patients between 20 and 50 years were recru...

Asperger syndrome (AS) is an autism spectrum disorder with a high rate of psychiatric comorbidity. We describe the clinical profile and psychiatric comorbidity in a series of affected individuals referred to an Indian general hospital psychiatry setting. Gilliam Asperger's disorder scale was used to evaluate the clinical characteristics while Mini-...

Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is considered to be an index of global cognitive functioning and has traditionally been used as a fulcral measure in case-control studies in neuro-developmental disorders such as autism. The aim is to highlight the issues of "matching for IQ" with controls in autism research. Percentile scores on the Coloured Progressive...

Intelligence quotient (IQ) but not the core symptoms have been known to predict outcomes in autism. Besides resource issues in India, assessing IQ in presence of autistic symptoms is challenging in general. In a pilot study, we explored different global indices of development in 30 children with confirmed autism. These included Wechsler intelligenc...

Two children (six and seven years of age) diagnosed with Autism Spectrum disorder and enrolled in a centre for autism, were exposed to joint attention routines. The Pre and post intervention videos were rated by six raters. Significant changes were observed in their eye-contact, interaction ability, participation in social interactions and also in...

The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales - II Edition 2005 (Vineland-II) is useful in assessing abilities in autism spectrum disorder, where an accurate assessment of intelligence using standardized tools is difficult both due to the unique social and communication difficulties that these children present with and the behavioral issues that occur as c...

The World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref (WHOQOL-Bref) scale was designed to measure quality of life (QOL) in both medical and psychiatric illnesses. There have been a few studies to date that compare aspects of QOL in medical and psychiatric illnesses. The aim of the study was to compare QOL in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus...

Schizophrenia causes clinically conspicuous impairment of syntax and semantics as part of the disorganisation syndrome; however, little is known regarding its effect on the phonological stage of speech, where word meanings are resolved into speech imagery. We used a "tongue-twister" task to probe phonological speech production and its clinical asso...

Family History of Alcoholism and earlier Age of Onset are found to predict Severity of alcoholism. Previous Indian studies in this regard have methodological issues related to the definition of alcoholism and reliability of information obtained. To study the relationship between the Age of onset/Family History and Severity of alcoholism. Consecutiv...

Disordered time perception has been reported in schizophrenia. We investigated time perception dysfunction and its neuropsychological correlates in patients with schizophrenia. Participants comprised 38 patients and 38 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers who were compared in an auditory temporal bisection paradigm using two interval ranges (a 4...

People with schizophrenia have been categorised into three groups: those with full insight (aware, correct attributers); those aware of being unwell, but who misattributed their symptoms (aware, incorrect attributers); and those unaware of being ill (unaware). Cluster analysis of 'awareness of illness'and 'relabelling of symptoms'scores on the Sche...

The Analogies Understanding Test (AUT) was developed as a brief cognitive screening task of executive problem solving. A few of the test items at the beginning are "facilitated" as a means of engaging patients. Individuals with schizophrenia and mild Alzheimer's Disease (AD) made significantly less correct responses than their control groups. The s...

We investigated the effects of treatment with the tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) imipramine in eight children in supine and standing postures. We used 256 seconds of real-time data for the analyses. Spectral analysis showed a significant decrease of high-frequency (HF) power (0.15-0.5 Hz), especially in the standing posture. Low frequency (LF) HF r...

A case of Paranoid Schizophrania who developed Type 2 diabetes mellitus while on treatment with clozapine, is described. A brief review of literature is provided. In this case, Clozapine therapy could have caused the diabetes, or accelerated a pre-existing process.This report aims to highlight the importance of monitoring for hyperglycemia, an adve...

This study examined the differences of heart rate variability measures between children of parents with panic disorder and children of healthy controls using linear as well as nonlinear techniques. Supine and standing heart rate variability indices were measured in all children using power spectral analysis and a measure of chaos, the largest Lyapu...

Attempted suicide due to overdose with toxic chemicals and medication is on the rise. Among the survivors of attempted suicide, the most frequent psychiatric diagnosis when analysed post hoc, seems to be reactive depression and personality disorders. We conducted a retrospective study of patients who attempted suicide by self poisoning in a teachin...

Women alcoholics seeking psychiatric help have been increasing steadily over the years. The data on this subgroup however, is limited. Eighteen women alcoholics who presented to us over one year have been compared to twenty-eight men alcoholics who presented to us over one calendar month. Gender differences in the functions and effects of problem d...

This retrospective study aimed to explore the sociodemographic and clinial profile of patients aged 60 years and above attending the psychiatric services of NIMHANS. Two hundred and sixty-five such patients utilized the services during one year. Preliminary analysis of the data revealed that nearly three-fourths of the patients were between 60 and...

This retrospective chart review attempts to compare the utility, safety and efficacy of once daily (OD) versus divided dose (DD) lithium therapy in the prophylaxis of mood disorders. Sixty-six patients who met DSM-II1R criteria for mood disorders were grouped into those on OD Lithium (n=31) and those on DD lithium (n=35). The groups were matched on...

The aim of the study was to compare once-daily with divided dosage lithium treatment in acute mania. In 79 retrospectively studied subjects who met the DSMIII-R criteria for mania, 26 independent and dependent variables were analyzed. The two groups of patients (categorized according to dosage schedule) were broadly comparable with respect to demog...