Ashfaq Ahmad

Regarding energy efficiency in Wireless Sensor Net-works (WSNs), routing protocols are engaged in a playful manner suggesting a consciousness of high value. In this research work, we present Away Cluster Heads with Adaptive Clustering Habit ((ACH) 2) scheme for WSNs. Our proposed scheme increases the stability period, network lifetime and throughpu...

In order to increase the network lifetime, scalable and energy-aware routing protocols are very essential for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In this paper, we propose a heterogeneity-aware Multi-hop Centralized Energy Efficient Clustering (MCEEC) protocol for routing in WSNs. Operation of MCEEC is based upon the advanced central control algorithm...

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are widely used for applications such as modern health-care systems, where wireless sensors (nodes) monitor the parameter(s) of interest. Nodes are provided with limited battery power and battery power is dependent on radio activity. MAC protocols play a key role in controlling the radio activity. Therefore, we p...

Modern health care system is one of the most popular Wireless Body Area Sensor Network (WBASN) applications and a hot area of research subject to present work. In this paper, we present Reliability Enhanced-Adaptive Threshold based Thermal-unaware Energy-efficient Multi-hop ProTocol (RE-ATTEMPT) for WBASNs. The proposed routing protocol uses fixed...

From energy conservation perspective in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), clustering of sensor nodes is a challenging task. Clustering technique in routing protocols play a key role to prolong the stability period and lifetime of the network. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a new routing protocol for WSNs. Our protocol; Divide-and-Rule (DR) i...

This article investigates optimal sizing and realtime control of electrical and thermal distributed energy resources (DERs) in smart buildings. Initially, a comprehensive system architecture is presented considering both electrical and thermal DERs. Then, the DERs are optimally sized through a planning optimization problem with respect to minimizat...

This article presents an ER-based PEM strategy for PV integrated smart homes to jointly optimize their load scheduling delays, energy transactions cost, and battery degradation cost. The proposed approach incorporates a MA case, where, the ER acts as a main selecting agent realized by all other system elements. This leads to a combinatorial optimiz...

In this paper, we investigate the management of energy storage control and load scheduling in scenarios considering a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system using packetized energy management. The aim is to reduce an average aggregated system cost through the proposed \textit{packetized energy management controller} considering household energy co...

The accuracy of object-based computer vision techniques declines due to major challenges originating from large scale variation, varying shape, perspective variation, and lack of side information. To handle these challenges most of the crowd counting methods use multi-columns (restrict themselves to a set of specific density scenes), deploying a de...

Energy storage control, load scheduling, and indoor user comfort management are perceived as key management solutions for electric industry in the building sector. Nevertheless, requirement of a-priori knowledge on system inputs (i.e., renewable energy generation process, load arrival process, and dynamic price signals) raises concerns about the ab...

We investigate a real-time energy management technique for grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) integrated electric vehicles (EVs) as-service-over vehicular fog. Considering unknown dynamics of system inputs, we employ a virtual queue stability based Lyapunov optimization technique to minimize an average system cost through joint optimization of EV’s P...

In this paper, we investigate a joint real-time load scheduling and energy storage management at a grid-connected solar powered electric vehicle. Without any a-priori knowledge, we consider a finite time approach with arbitrary dynamics of system inputs. Our aim is to minimize an average aggregated system cost through joint optimization of electric...

In this paper, depth and reliability aware delay 1 sensitive (DRADS), interference aware DRADS (iDRADS) and 2 cooperative iDRADS (Co-iDRADS) routing protocols are pro-3 posed for maximizing network good-put while minimizing end-4 to-end delay. We have introduced a new metric called depth 5 threshold to minimize the number of hops between source and...

Daily operations and planning in a smart grid require a day-ahead load forecasting of its customers. The accuracy of day-ahead load-forecasting models has a significant impact on many decisions such as scheduling of fuel purchases, system security assessment, economic scheduling of generating capacity, and planning for energy transactions. However,...

Self consumption and user comfort are two important metrics to evaluate efficiency and quality-of-service (QoS) of an energy management technique in stand-alone distributed photovoltaic (PV) systems. Prior work focuses on a joint problem of maximizing the two metrics, however, every user demand is variable and uncertain, and PV output power is high...

We investigate a real time (RT) communication and control technique for a user centric stand-alone distributed photovoltaic (PV) system. The current user centric RT techniques for grid-connected systems may not be directly employed in stand-alone systems due to contradiction in their objectives. In this paper, we propose a user centric RT control a...

In this paper, we propose a user centric real time technique for an optimal control of a distributed photovoltaic stand-alone micro-grid. Our objective is to minimize an average aggregated system cost over a finite time period considering a joint optimization problem of battery energy storage management, load scheduling, and energy procurement proc...

Due to limited energy resources, energy balancing becomes an appealing requirement/ challenge in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs). In this paper, we present a Balanced Load Distribution (BLOAD) scheme to avoid energy holes created due to unbalanced energy consumption in UWSNs. Our proposed scheme prolongs the stability period and lifetim...

Cooperative routing is an appealing challenge in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs). In this paper, we propose a region based cooperative routing protocol (RBCRP) for amplify and forward (AF) technique over Rayleigh faded channels in UWSNs. The source node sends the sensed signal to the destination and available relay nodes. At the destina...

Abstract In this paper, we exploit cooperative communication for design- ing an energy efficient routing algorithm in Underwater Wireless Sensor Net- works (UWSNs). Each network node is equipped with a single omnidirectional antenna and multiple nodes coordinate while taking advantage of spatial di- versity. This research work is limited in scope t...

Short-term load forecasting (STLF) models are very important for electric industry in the trade of energy. These models have many applications in the day-today operations of electric utility(ies) like energy generation planning, load switching, energy purchasing, infrastructure maintenance and contract evaluation. A large variety of STLF models hav...

In this paper, we comparatively evaluate the performance of home energy management controller which is designed on the basis of heuristic algorithms; genetic algorithm (GA), binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) and ant colony optimization (ACO). In this regard, we introduce a generic architecture for demand side management (DSM) which integrat...

In this paper, we present an energy optimization technique to schedule three types of household appliances (user dependent, interactive schedulable and unschedulable) in response to the dynamic behaviours of customers, electricity prices and weather conditions. Our optimization technique schedules household appliances in real time to optimally cont...

In wireless body area sensor networks (WBASNs), energy efficiency is an area of extreme significance. At first, we present a mathematical model for a non-invasive inductive link which is used to recharge the battery of an implanted biomedical device (pacemaker). Afterwards, we propose a distance-aware relaying energy-efficient (DARE) and mutual inf...

In Smart Grid (SG), integration of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind is a challenging task due to their intermittent nature. Most of the existing Demand Side Management (DSM) techniques are based on Day Ahead Pricing (DAP) or Time of Use (TOU) pricing which can deviate from Real Time Pricing (RTP) due to unpredictable energy consumpti...

Energy is one of the most precious resource in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) which is mainly consumed in communication, sensing and processing. Performance evaluation of WSN routing protocols primarily rely on simulation-based studies. Most of these studies only assume oversimplified First Order Radio Model (FORM) and ignore node's energy consume...

In this work, we propose a novel quality link metric; Bandwidth adjusted Inverse ETX (BIETX) for Static Wireless Multi-hop Networks (SWMhNs). The proposed metric considers two path selection parameters into account i.e., packet delivery ratio and link capacity. For computing packet delivery ratios in BIETX, the mechanism of Expected Transmission Co...

This paper presents two new energy balanced routing protocols for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks (UASNs); Efficient and Balanced Energy consumption Technique (EBET) and Enhanced EBET (EEBET). The first proposed protocol avoids direct transmission over long distance to save sufficient amount of energy consumed in the routing process. The second...

This paper presents cooperative routing scheme to improve data reliability. The proposed protocol achieves its objectives , however, at the cost of surplus energy consumption. Thus sink mobility is introduced to minimize the energy consumption cost of nodes as it directly collects data from the network nodes at minimized communication distance.

Due to the limited battery capacity of sensor nodes, a minimization of energy consumption is a potential research area in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs). However, energy hole and coverage hole creations lead performance degradation of UWSNs in terms of network lifetime and throughput. In this paper, we address the energy hole creation...

Reliability is a key factor for application-oriented Underwater Sensor Networks (UWSNs) which are utilized for gaining certain objectives and a demand always exists for efficient data routing mechanisms. Cooperative routing is a promising technique which utilizes the broadcast feature of wireless medium and forwards data with cooperation using sens...

In the operation of a smart grid (SG), day-ahead load forecasting (DLF) is an important task. The SG can enhance the management of its conventional and renewable resources with a more accurate DLF model. However, DLF model development is highly challenging due to the non-linear characteristics of load time series in SGs. In the literature, DLF mode...

Most applications of underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) demand reliable data delivery over a longer period in an efficient and timely manner. However, the harsh and unpredictable underwater environment makes routing more challenging as compared to terrestrial WSNs. Most of the existing schemes deploy mobile sensors or a mobile sink (MS) to...

In this paper, we propose mathematical optimization models of household energy units to optimally control the major residential energy loads while preserving the user preferences. User comfort is modeled in a simple way which considers appliance class, user preferences and weather conditions. The Wind Driven Optimization (WDO) algorithm with the ob...

As players and soldiers preform strenuous exercises and do difficult and tiring duties, they are usually the common victims of muscular fatigue. Keeping this in mind, we propose FAtigue MEasurement (FAME) protocol for soccer players and soldiers using in-vivo sensors for Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks (WBASNs). In FAME, we introduce a composite...

Performance enhancement of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) in terms of throughput maximization, energy conservation and Bit Error Rate (BER) minimization is a potential research area. However, limited available bandwidth, high propagation delay, highly dynamic network topology, and high error probability leads to performance degradation...

The underlying forecast model is one of the most significant strategies that directly affect the economies of energy trade because not only prosumers but also the utilities aim to maximize their benefits. In this regard, most of the existing forecast models trade-off between forecast accuracy and convergence rate. This thesis presents a short term...

In conventional grids, consumer has not been con-sidered for solving the problems associated with electric indus-try. In order to meet the ever increasing consumers' demand, conventional methods primarily rely on increasing generation capacity which is not a feasible solution due to limited resources. Thus, the overall efficiency of electrical netw...

Now a days, smart grid is an emerging technologyto increase the optimal use of generated power and reducethe electricity cost. Globally, various schemes in this aspecthave been proposed like DR, DSM, AMI, RTP, TOU, etc. Thispaper presents a survey on some scheduling and optimizationtechniques for home appliances to use the energy efficientlywith am...

This survey Paper is an ingathering of a comprehen-sive study of user comfort in smart grid. It is a compounding of different arenas of engineering like communication, electronics, management and power. Many techniques, like demand response, demand side management, real time pricing, time of use, home energy management, etc, are explained according...

As players and soldiers preform strenuous exercises and do difficult and tiring duties, they are usually the common victims of muscular fatigue. Keeping this in mind, we propose FAtigue MEasurement (FAME) protocol for soccer players and soldiers using in-vivo sensors for Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks (WBASNs). In FAME, we introduce a composite...

This paper presents two new chain formation based routing protocols: Multi Chain Energy Efficient Greedy (MCEEG) routing and Hop Adjusted MCEEG (HA-MCEEG). The MCEEG protocol divides network area into rectangular subareas of equal size, such that each one contains equal number of randomly deployed nodes. In each rectangular subarea, minimum distanc...

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are envisaged to play crucial role in psychological, medical and non-medical applications. This paper presents iM-SIMPLE; a reliable, and power efficient routing protocol with high throughput for WBAN. We deploy sensor nodes on human body to measure the physiological parameters such as blood pressure, temperature...

This paper presents improved Adaptive Medium Access Control (iA-MAC) protocol for Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs). In addition to the adaptive guard band assignment technique, the newly proposed protocol has an improved as well as adaptive sleep/wakeup mechanism. We consider a simple temperature measuring application, where sensors (nodes) sens...

Efficient energy utilization of in-body sensors is one of the hot areas of current research. In this paper, we present a relay based routing protocol for in-vivo Wireless Body area Sensor Networks (WBSNs). Firstly, we decrease the communication distance of in-body sensors to its minimum value. Secondly, we do not allow multi-hopping of data among i...

This paper proposes two techniques. First is the non-invasive inductive link model to recharge the battery of an implanted bio medical device (pacemaker) and second is the Distance Aware Relaying Energy-efficient (DARE) routing protocol for on-body sensors in Multihop Mobility Body Area Sensor Networks (MM-BASNs). The routing protocol as well as th...

In this paper, we present two new chain formation techniques, namely, multi-chain energy-efficient routing (ME) and cost optimisation with multi-chaining for energy efficient communication (COME) for wireless sensor networks supported by linear programming based mathematical models. ME protocol divides network area into subareas of equal size, whic...

Performance evaluation of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) is primarily conducted in terms of simulation based studies. From this perspective, recent research has focused on channel modeling, and energy conservation at Network/MAC layer. Most of these studies ignore collaborative learning and path loss. In this paper, we present Link-Aware and E...

Increased use of Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs) in variety of applications has enabled the designers to create autonomous sensors, which can be deployed randomly, without human supervision, for the purpose of sensing and communicating valuable data. Many energy-efficient routing protocols are designed for WSNs based on clustering structure. In thi...

Cluster based routing technique is most popular routing technique in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Due to varying need of WSN applications efficient energy utilization in routing protocols is still a potential area of research. In this research work we introduced a new energy efficient cluster based routing technique. In this technique we tried...

Cluster based routing technique is most popular routing technique in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Due to varying need of WSN applications efficient energy utilization in routing protocols is still a potential area of research. In this research work we introduced a new energy efficient cluster based routing technique. In this technique we tried...