Arunkumar Kulanthaiyesu

Central University of Kerala · Department of Plant Science

This study investigates the potential of silicate to alleviate cadmium (Cd) toxicity in Gracilaria edulis, an agarophyte. Under various culture conditions spanning 21 days, alga was grown in control, Silicate (Si) medium, and different Cd concentrations (100, 200, and 300 mM) with or without Si100 mM and the effect was measured by photosynthesis O...

In this study, agarophyte Gracilaria edulis was successfully cultivated in laboratory condition. An attempt to grow G. edulis by removing associated bacteria was made to identify their role in the host growth. But antibiotic treatment did not remove the associated bacteria completely rather reduced the bacterial load. Antibiotic untreated (ABUT) sa...

Plastic disposal and their degraded products in the environment are global concern due to its adverse effects and persistence in nature. To overcome plastic pollution and its impacts on environment, a sustainable bioplastic production using renewable feedstock's, such as algae, are envisioned. In this review, the production of polymer precursors su...

This paper examines the utilization of microalgae to treat oil-produced water (OPW), a complex wastewater stream from the oil and gas industry. An examination of the challenges and potential solutions associated with treating OPW using microalgae is provided, emphasizing the feasibility of microalgae biorefineries to recover resources. Due to the c...

The present energy demand and technological advancements in biofuel generation favor bioethanol, biobutanol, biodiesel, biogas, and biohydrogen production from renewable substrates. Bioethanol is one of the clean biofuels that has gained widespread acceptance as an alternative to fossil fuels and can be easily adapted in the automotive industry to...

Haematococcus pluvialis, a unicellular microalga grown in freshwater has two phase such as green and red stage. Cultivation of Haematococcus pluvialis both in photobiorector and outdoor cultivation is a challenging process. Optimizing the growth stage is a typical part in the cultivation process. Astaxanthin is the main pigment obtained from Haemat...

The decoctions of Dictyota dichotoma, Padina gymnospora, Sargassum wightii, Turbinaria conoides, tea leaf (Camellia sinensis), and commercial tea were prepared separately. The antioxidant, anti-hyaluronidase (anti-wrinkling) and cytotoxic activities of decoctions were assessed. The decoctions were added with milk tea and assessed their physio-palat...

Seaweed polysaccharides demonstrate various properties like antiviral, antibacterial, and anti-cancer activity. In this study, low molecular polysaccharides (6–8 kDa) extracted from G. corticata, G. filicina, H. musciformis, L. obtuse, L. papilosa, C. fragile, D. dichotoma, and P. boergesenni were screened for cytotoxicity against HeLa and MCF cell...

Oxidative stress plays a vital role in the initiation and progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Increased cardiac dysfunction and apoptosis in DCM are independent factors associated with hypertension or coronary artery disease. Fucoidan, a class of sulfated polysaccharides, is widely used as food supplements and reported to have various pha...

Anti-oxidant, anti-hyaluronidase and anti-cancer activities of fucoxanthin isomers extracted from 13 brown seaweeds were studied by profiling through high-performance thin layer chromatography. The fucoxanthin exhibiting significantly (p<0.05) high cytotoxicity was characterized using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS). Species belongi...

In this study, the growth and productivity of five commercially important microalgae, Chroococcus sp., Haematococcus pluvialis, Dunaliella sp., Coelastrella saipanensis, and Chlorella sp., grown in different volume-to-surface area (V/S) ratios (1:1, 1:1.2, 1:1.28, 1:1.3, 1:1.6, 1:2.22, 1:4.16 and 1:6) were assessed based on their cell number, bioma...

In the wake of an increase in nutritional problems along with depletion of fossil fuel resources and environmental problems, microalgal biorefineries emerged as an alternative feedstock for biofuels and other valuable coproducts. Microalgae is now crowned as efficient cell factories, having great potential in producing a variety of therapeutically...

Several microalgal species have the ability to grow heterotrophically, exhibiting metabolic variety and adaptability. Compared to phototrophic circumstances, up to a 25 times increase in biomass concentration can be achieved under heterotrophic conditions, which has been shown in several studies. This benefit has resulted in the extensive demand fo...

The present invention discloses a novel system for refining salt effluent by employing microalgae to remove the presence of harmful contaminants and hazardous toxic chemicals in salt effluent. The System of the present invention comprises of following steps, a) subjecting salt effluent to agitating container adapted to undergo agitation to form agi...

Marine biomass production known as blue carbon sequestration now received global attention as 50% greenhouse gas (CO2) sinks into ocean. Most of the marine macroalgae (seaweeds) growing along the tidal, intertidal and subtidal regions of the coastal waters are edible and also used as a source for industrially important hydrocolloids (agar, carragee...

Seaweeds(marine macroalgae) are occurring along the tidal, intertidal, and sub-tidal regions of coastal waters categorized into three groups as red, green, and brown based on their pigmentation known for their commercial important hydrocolloids, pigments, and other bioactive compounds. The red seaweeds are the main source for industrially important...

In the algae industry, product development based on the biorefinery idea is gaining attraction. In today’s world, bioactive chemicals generated from microalgae are extremely important. Its industrial significance has extended which includes various high-value chemicals in addition to primary biomass. The importance of Coelastrella sp., a less studi...

In this study, the growth, biomass, and bio-constituents of Chroococcus sp., Haematococcus pluvialis, Dunaliella sp., Coelastrella saipanensis, and Chlorella sp. grown in dairy wastewater and fish waste as nutrients were assessed. As both wastes constitute organic and inorganic nutrients, dairy wastes contain proportionately higher amount of K, Na,...

Hyaluronidase enzymes disrupt hyaluronic acid, causing angiogenesis, tumor invasiveness, metastasis, inflammation, and skin aging. Phlorotannin, alginate and fucoidan were extracted successively from the blade and stipe samples of two Sargassum seaweeds and Eisenia arborea thallus. These were evaluated for their in vitro anti-hyaluronidase and anti...

In recent times, there has been a growing interest in the exploration of antioxidants and global trend toward the usage of seaweeds in the food industries. The low molecular weight up to 14 kDa sulfated polysaccharides of seaweeds (Portieria hornemannii, Spyridia hypnoides, Asparagopsis taxiformis, Centroceras clavulatum and Padina pavonica) were e...

Algae is grouped into two types based on size: microalgae and macroalgae. Microalgae is the source of omega-3 fatty acid. Omega-3 fatty acids found in fish are actually from microalgae that they feed on, and marine seaweeds are grouped under macroalgae. Fucoxanthin in brown algae helps to capture light for photosynthesis. Among the pigments, fucoxa...

Fucoidan is a unique bioactive and dietary polymer enriched mainly in the cell wall matrix of the brown seaweeds. This present study was intended to reveal the antigenotoxicity effect of fucoidan on 4-nitroquinolin-1-oxide (4-NQO) induced genetics damage and apoptosis in mice bone marrow cells. The 4-NQO caused genetic damages in the form of chromo...

Algae are a large, diverse photosynthetic group of organisms ranging from unicellular to multicellular forms. They are mostly aquatic, autotrophic and lack distinct cells (stomata, xylem, and phloem) when compared to terrestrial plants. Based on size, algae are broadly classified as microalgae (unicellular and microscopic) and macroalgae (seaweeds)...

The study aimed to utilize the industrial spent seaweed biomass (SSB) for effective ethanol production using yeast as a fermenting microorganism. Pretreatment of SSB was optimized using different acids. The highest percentage of spent biomass was obtained from G. corticata (12.53 ± 2.66% DW). The proximate, ultimate and biochemical constituents of...

Algae is grouped into two types based on size: microalgae and macroalgae. Microalgae is the source of omega-3 fatty acid. Omega-3 fatty acids found in fish are actually from microalgae that they feed on, and marine seaweeds are grouped under macroalgae. Fucoxanthin in brown algae helps to capture light for photosynthesis. Among the pigments, fucoxa...

Vibrio harveyi is a marine luminous pathogen, which causes biofilm‐mediated infections, pressures the search for an innovative alternate approach to strive against vibriosis in aquaculture. This study anticipated to explore the effect of glycolipid biosurfactant as an antipathogenic against V. harveyi to control vibriosis. In this study, 27 bacteri...

The centre of the attraction of this article is inevitably associated with fucoidan polymers in terms of brown seaweed such as Turbinaria conoides. Fucoidan is a sulphated polysaccharide constitutes fucose as a major principle sugar along with other monosugars such as glucuronic acid, xylose and galactose. The core value of fucoidan in terms of var...

In the current scenario, nanoparticle synthesis has been fascinated by biogenic approaches than the chemical methods. However, reproducibility of the source stands essentially in nanoparticle synthesis. Nanoparticle synthesis by fungi has more advantages such as the potential for bioaccu- mulation, immunity towards toxicity, relatively easier to ha...

Those plant associated bacteria supporting the growth, reproduction and yield by synthesizing phytohormones, antibiotics and lytic enzymes are called plant probiotics. In this study, isolates of Gram positive Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus associated with red seaweed species were evaluated for antibacterial activity against plant pathogenic bacterium...

Though microalgae and macroalgae are considered as a potential feedstock for biofuel and industrially important co-products extraction, still there are several research barriers on the commercialization of algae-based fuels and products. Based on these bottlenecks, this review underpins the biochemical composition of micro- and macroalgae regarding...

In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) green synthesized using the aqueous extracts of agar seaweeds (Gracilaria corticata and G. edulis) and carrageenan seaweeds (Hypnea musciformis and Spyridia hypnoides) were found effective (antibacterial activity) against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri and X. oryzae pv. oryzae and antifungal activity ag...

Algae are a large and diverse group of eukaryotic organisms and represent a vast variety of photosynthetic species dwelling in diverse environments (Mata et al., 2010). They are distributed worldwide in the sea, in freshwater, in marine water, and in most situations on land. Most are microscopic; cell size can vary from 1 μm up to 10m (Fig. 3.1). S...

Objective: Phytochemical constituents of various solvent extracts of leaf and stem bark of Polyalthia fragrans (Dalz.) Bedd were screened. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated.Methods: Crude extracts of methanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform and aqueous of leaf and stem bark were evaluated for antimicrobial activity...

This research work is focused on identifying alginate-degrading bacteria from various marine as well as alginate industrial substrates using basal salt medium with alginate as sole source of carbon. In the present study, alginate-degrading colonies formed soft pits on the surface of the medium with clear haloes around them gradually degrading the s...

Seaweeds are marine macroalgae found abundantly and viewed as potential source of phycocolloids to produce biofuel. In this study, seaweed spent biomass obtained from alginate production industry and biomass obtained after pigment extraction were found to contain a considerable amount of phycocolloids. These two spent biomasses were investigated fo...

Three seaweeds, Codium fragile (Suringar) Hariot, Ulva lactuca (Linn.) members and Eisenia arborea (Areschoug) (Phaeophyta) were assessed for their antioxidant activities and lipid profile. Antioxidant activities of methanolic and aqueous extracts were analyzed for DPPH free radical scavenging, FRAP, total antioxidant, ABTS radical cation decoloriz...

Three marine microalgae Chaetoceros muelleri Lemmerman, Dunaliella salina (Dunal) Teod., and Arthrospira platensis (Gomont) Geitler were grown in their respective medium under laboratory conditions. Harvested biomass of all the three algae was grown in salt refinery effluent, to reduce or eliminate the hazardous chemicals for a period of 21, 18, an...

In the present study, galactose dominated fucoidan was isolated through successive extraction method in alkaline, acid and neutral pH from the brown seaweed Sargassum wightii Greville ex J. Agardh collected along the Gulf of Mannar (Pamban, India) during March 2011. In this study, crude extracts obtained in chloroform: methanol (1:1 v/v) and 85% et...

Seed wing of Hopea ponga were extracted using different solvents of various polarities such as hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water and screened for phytochemicals such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, and sterols. The antioxidant activity was assayed through in-vitro models such as DPPH, and reducing power. The antibacter...