Arunangshu Mukhopadhyay

• Ph D
• Head of Department at Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar

The life cycle of the filter material is an important factor to take into account when evaluating the commercial benefit for any gaseous filtration company. For a filter media to last as long as possible, it should consistently provide filtrate for a long time. Because of this, the current work aims to anticipate the ageing behavior of three distin...

Purpose Climbing ropes are made to withstand severe stresses and absorb energy during fall, reducing the impact force on the climber and their equipment. Natural fibres like hemp and sisal have been mostly substituted by synthetic fibres like nylon, polyester and aramid fibres, which provide greater strength, durability and flexibility. The perform...

The effect of progressive pulse cleaning pressure (2 bar to 3.5 bar) on filtration behaviour of two different polyester needle-punched nonwoven filter materials, viz. PTFE finished and without finished media has been studied at varying dust densities using flyash aerosol. The filter materials have been investigated on a flatbed filtration test ri...

The present study is focussed on the impact of change in the lactate concentration (43 mM and 22 mM) in sweat solution on liquid moisture transmission behaviour through the clothing

Purpose Sweating is thermo-regulatory behaviour that occurs when a person performs vigorous activity even in cold climatic condition. One of important component of sweat is the presence of lactate. Based on climatic condition, age, gender, maturity and nature of activity level, the change in lactate concentration is inevitable. Hence, the present s...

One of the vital aspects considering the commercial benefit for any gaseous filtration industry is the life cycle of filter material. A filter media providing consistent filtration for a long period of time is desirable for its prolonged life. In view of this; the present study is undertaken for experimental characterization of three different poly...

Present study is focussed on the effect of seam on the moisture transmission in liquid form. Behaviour of actual sweat is found to be different from pure water used while evaluating the performance of multilayer clothing systems in seamed and unseamed condition in terms of their in-plane (wetting time) & cross-plane moisture transmission and overal...

Energy consumption is an important aspect for any industry which directly relates to its profit margin. In the present study energy consumption during filtration of conductive filters has been analyzed at different dust charge levels on laboratory-based pulse jet system assisted with pre-charger. Five types of polyester conductive material viz. PTF...

Nonwoven geotextiles are one of the most widely used geosynthetic materials in drainage and filtration in geotechnical engineering works and applications. In the present study, drainage property of geotextile fabric with three levels of water contamination (20, 40, and 60 gpl) and with clean water has been studied with the variation of transverse l...

Energy consumption is a vital aspect for any industry considering the cost-effective aspect. The current study embodies the power consumption during filtration of conductive filters at different dust pre-charging levels on laboratory-based pulse jet tubular set up assisted with pre-charger. Three types of polyester conductive non-woven filter mater...

Energy consumption is an important aspect of any industry which directly relates to its profit margin. In the present study energy consumption during filtration of conductive filters has been analyzed at different dust charge levels on a laboratory-based flatbed pulse jet system assisted with pre-charger. Five types of polyester conductive material...

Moisture transport through multi-layered clothing system is one of the most important aspect governing the comfort and performance of multi-layered clothing system. Moisture can be transported either in form of vapour and liquid. Behaviour of actual sweat can be different from test water used while evaluating the performance of multi-layered clothi...

During high-speed industrial lockstitch sewing, repeated stresses and strains on the needle thread adversely influence its sewing performance. The sewing performance of threads is affected by reduction in its tensile strength. For maximum strength retention of needle thread, a positive thread feeding device is developed, which is independent of the...

During high-speed industrial lockstitch sewing, the dynamic, thermal, bending and abrasive loading of the thread has a negative influence on the tensile properties of sewing threads. For maximum strength retention of needle thread, a positive thread feeding device is developed which lowers the stitch tightening tension (or peak tensions). Two types...

The current investigation demonstrates the filtration behaviour of two non-woven polyester conductive filter media, viz. stainless steel (S.S.) fibre in the scrim of PET filter media and carbon filament in the scrim of PET filter media. Both the materials are characterized at different charge levels, viz. 0 kV, 4 kV, 8 kV and 12 kV, respectively, a...

The present study embodies the response of two different filter media viz. conductive filter media (stainless steel blended with PET fibers) and PTFE-Coated polyester filter media, at four different charge levels (0 kV, 4 kV, 8 kV, and 12 kV) and at a particular dust concentration (50 g/m³) on pulse-jet filtration process performance. The filter me...

Seam strength prediction using loop strength has been found to be more accurate and has been consistently used by researchers over last few decades. But the testing gauge length for loop strength has not been standardized as in the case of thread tensile strength. In this paper, effect of gauge length on thread tensile strength and elongation in lo...

Effect of different slub parameters, viz. slub length, slub thickness and slub frequency, on abrasive damage of knitted fabric has been studied. Abrasive damage has been assessed by two ways, namely using loss in fabric mass and deterioration of fabric appearance due to abrasion. The effect of slub parameters, viz. slub length, its thickness and fr...

Moisture transport through multilayer clothing system is one of the most important aspect governing the comfort and performance of multi-layered clothing system. In the present study, properties critical to functioning of outdoor apparels were tested using sweat and pure water for both multi-layered and single layer components i.e., polyester knitt...

Purpose This study aims to optimize the parametric combination of injected slub yarn to achieve least abrasive damage on fabrics produced from it. Design/methodology/approach Single base injected slub yarn structural parameters, vis-à-vis slub length, slub thickness and slub frequency, were varied during preparation of yarn samples under this rese...

Performance of parachute continuously degrades due to opening shock and dynamic pressure acting on its various components after opening. During repeated use of parachute, degradation in tensile strength of canopy fabric plays an important role. Measurement of probability of successful operation of parachute in repeated use and under impact loading...

This chapter embodies the basic principles and techniques involved in designing smart breathable coatings for textiles. The basic mechanisms of water vapour transmission depend solely on the type of breathable fabrics, which can be broadly categorised as active and passive smart breathable fabrics. Breathable coated fabrics based on biomimetics and...

In injected slub yarn, tensile and abrasion resistance are particularly very important parameters affecting its process performance and end-use. In single base injected slub yarn structure, slubs are developed by injecting fibres from outer side of the yarn with the sequence of untwisting base yarn followed by re-twisting after injecting the fibres...

Fancy yarn fabrics are susceptible to abrasive damage during washing and usage but the extent of damage varies with construction and type of fabric. In the present study, effect of different slub parameters viz. slub length, slub thickness and slub frequency of single base injected slub yarn on abrasive damage of woven fabrics has been studied when...

The influence of bias angle of stitching on tensile characteristics of lapped seam parachute canopy fabric has been studied based on proposed test specimen dimension as reported in Part I of this paper. Test results obtained using the postulated test specimen dimension exhibit reliable tensile properties of canopy fabrics. It is also therefore poss...

This study embodies evaluation of ideal test specimen dimension for the study of tensile characteristics of lapped seam parachute canopy fabric. Due to anisotropic nature of textile fabrics, the mechanical property of unseamed and seamed fabric changes with the change in specimen test direction. Therefore, measurement of tensile property at differe...

The effectiveness of the compression treatment by a medical compression bandage is dependent on the pressure generated at the interface between the bandage and the skin. This pressure is called interface pressure or sub-bandage pressure. The performance of a bandage depends upon the level of interface pressure applied by the bandage and the sustena...

High-temperature filtration is one of the most promising developments in particle collection technology. Process gases if cleaned (filtered) at elevated temperatures, then processes can be made more efficient in terms of energy and more integrated in terms of process technology. The present study embodies the effect of high temperature and dust con...

This chapter embodies basic principles and techniques involved in designing waterproof breathable fabrics. Basic mechanisms of water vapour transmission depend on the type of breathable fabrics, which can be categorised as: closely woven fabrics, microporous membranes and coating, hydrophilic membranes and coating, combination of microporous and hy...

In this paper artificial neural network (ANN) model has been designed to predict the sub bandage pressure of high compression bandages during wrapping on the limb. Two different types of bandage fabrics (knitted and woven) were taken for the study. The other input parameters include bandage fabric type, circumference of limb, number of bandage laye...

Present study embodies the effect of two different filter media viz. polyester filter fabric treated with PTFE finish and polyester fabric filter without finish, and two different dust concentration (50 and 150 g/m³) on industrial pulse-jet filtration process performance. The fabrics were tested based on ISO - 11057 Standard, while conducting 200 p...

This paper discusses the use of fibrous filter to protect the building environments from air born polluting agents and especially of concern chemical, biological and radiological agents. Air-filtration includes removal of particulate from air and toxic gases from air. In air filtration, particulate which are mostly biological and radioactive types...

Injected slub yarn is one of the most promising among different types of slub yarns. Present study embodies the effect of some important parameters like base yarn twist level, number of base yarn, twist direction and injected fibre components on injected slub yarn performance in terms of tensile strength and breaking elongation. In case of single b...

This chapter embodies filtration mechanisms and characteristic requirements of nonwovens as filters. Different filtration media rely on different physical interaction mechanisms for separation and collection of particles. Apart from the most common particle entrapment by physical principles while separating solids from liquid/gases, different mecha...

The high compression bandages need to be designed or selected based on their ability to apply high levels of pressure with minimum stretch and maintain the same over a period of time. This can be achieved if the factors controlling this behaviour are optimised to get the desired performance. The efficiency of different bandages to provide sustained...

The environmental issue has become a major subject in the last few decades affecting science and technology throughout the world due to the serious environmental impacts caused by industrial air pollution. Consequently, pulse jet filtration has become the preferred choice all around the world. Researchers are continuously striving for new concepts...

Tensile properties of fabrics and seams are often theoretically and experimentally investigated for principal directions but in actual garments the stress is applied at the non-principal directions which are defined according to the fit of the garment. This study attempts to find out the effect of change of garment fit on the seam qualities i.e. se...

During high speed sewing, the needle thread is exposed to dynamic loading, short strike loading, inertia forces, friction, rubbing, force of check spring, bending, pressure, friction, impact, shock and thermal influence. The dynamic thread loading/tension alters throughout the stitch formation cycle and along its passage through the machine. The gr...

Study of the structural properties and behaviour of seams is very important for the performance of integrated assembly of textile products, and a range of non-textile products. The performance parameters of seams include strength, elasticity, durability, security and appearance. however, priority given to any of the characteristics will vary, depen...

The present investigation elucidates the role of pulse-cleaning parameters and filter media designs on the extent of dust emission and emitted particle characteristics during industrial pollution control using the pulse-jet filtration process. The study is followed by statistical analysis based on L8 (27) orthogonal design methodology. The experime...

Changes in the physical properties of filter media are largely governed by formation of dust layers on the filter bag. The influences of media dust loading on the peak, residual and cake pressure in pulse jet fabric filters can help in the selection of pulse pressure for media regeneration. Awadhesh Kumar Choudhary and Arunangshu Mukhopadhyay have...

Hollow/microporous yarn spinning is a technique used to increase the bulk of yarn without increasing its weight. Hollowness in the cotton yarns has been introduced by various methods and techniques. Empirical models have been developed to predict the thermophysiological properties through structural parameters. Based on standardized multiple linear...

This investigation embodies the analysis of dust deposition on an industrial surface filter as a function of its physical properties. The study is augmented by examining the role of inlet dust concentration and pulse cleaning pressure on the performance of the pulse-jet filtration process. The changes in physical properties of the filter media are...

Pulse-jet fabric filters (PJFF) are widely used to control particulate matter emissions and to recover valuable materials in many industries, such as solid-fuel-fired power generation, bulk solids processing and plasma-aided manufacturing. The fineness of the fibers is considered one of the most important parameters when selecting or designing the...

In the present study impact of structural variations on pre-hollow/micro-porous yarn's tensile and physical properties were investigated in view of their processing and ultimate product quality. The results show that: the core pre-hollow yarns and doubled pre-hollow yarns possessing continuous polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) filaments are better in tensile...

The use of hollow/microporous yarns plays an important role in enhancing the thermo‐physiological comfort properties of fabrics. Depending on structural variations in hollow yarn, heat and moisture regulation behaviours of fabrics can be affected significantly. In this study, three types of hollow cotton yarn fabrics, produced by introducing polyvi...

Owing to a high amount of stress, seam failure in workwear fabrics makes the fabric unsuitable although the fabric strength is high. It is therefore important to predict the seam strength to ascertain the performance of the garments during use and determine the required thread strength and stitch density to match the required seam strength. In all...

In this paper artificial neural network (ANN) model has been designed to predict the strength loss in threads during high speed industrial sewing. Four different types of threads (Mercerized cotton, polyester staple spun, polyester-cotton core spun and polyester-polyester core spun) were taken for the study. The other input parameters include threa...

A study has been conducted on the commercially available compression bandages and tailor made compression garments as regards their performance with time. Pressure mapping of these bandages is done using a fabricated pressure measuring device on a mannequin leg to see the relationship between pressure, creep and friction to predict the performance...

The dynamic, thermal, bending and abrasive loading of thread during sewing process has a negative influence on the properties of sewing threads. In this study, the individual and interactive effect of the number of fabric layers, stitch density and needle size on the loss in tenacity, breaking elongation and initial modulus of four types of thread...

The fundamental concept of design and development of the pulse-jet filter have been discussed in Part I of this monograph series [Textile Progress, Vol. 41, No. 4]. For successful running of the industrial pulse-jet filter, fundamentals of the filtration process and operating principle should be well understood. In view of the above, the monograph...

During sewing at high speed, the needle thread issubjected to repeated tensile stresses, heat, bending,pressure, torsion and wearing. These stresses act onthe thread repeatedly and the thread passes 50-80times through the fabric, the needle eye and thebobbin case mechanism, before getting incorporatedinto the seam. As a result both the sewing threa...

Pulse-jet filtration is described as one of the most efficient technologies in controlling industrial pollution across the world. The monograph provides the fundamental concept of design and development of pulse-jet filters under varied siutations. For successful running of a filter unit, a comprehensive knowledge base as regards a selection of des...

Impact of draw frame delivery speed, coiler diameter of carding machine and card draft on packing density of yarn and related characteristics of ring spun yarn have been found to be very significant. With the increase in draw frame speed and coiler diameter of card, there is a decrease in helix twist, helix angle, helix diameter with the consequent...

This study embodies experimental characterization of emitted particulate and filtration performance under varied situation in a pulse-jet cleaning process. Tests were conducted under simulated condition in a filtration apparatus consisting four bags. The effect of four different factors such as fabric punch density, baffle plate height, air to clot...

Fibre axial distribution of cotton ring - spun yarn using three process variables, viz. card draft, coiler diameter of card and delivery speed of draw frame, has been studied. It is observed that the percentage of trailing, leading and total hooks and their extents on ring-spun yarn decrease with the increase in draw frame delivery speed and coiler...

A lockstitch is formed by the interlacement of needle and bobbin threads. During high-speed sewing, needle thread is subjected to repeated tensile stresses, heat, bending, pressure, torsion, and wearing. Therefore, the mechanical properties of thread, which become altered during sewing, are very important for its performance and durability. In orde...

Purpose In this paper, the contribution of dynamic loading, needle and fabric, and the bobbin thread interaction on the changes in the tensile properties of the needle thread are to be investigated. Design/methodology/approach Tensile properties of the needle thread have been studied at four sewing stages, namely before being subjected to any load...

The appearance of new synthetic fabrics and nonwoven materials and the development of highly effective means and devices for fabric regeneration have brought about the development of new constructions of bag filters for cleaning up Industrial gases in various manufacturing enterprises, which are able to operate at high temperatures and under the ag...

The influence of draw frame delivery speed, coiler diameter of card and card draft are found to be significant on ring-yarn properties. With the increase in delivery speed of draw frame and coiler diameter of cards, both tenacity and breaking elongation of yarn increases; whereas U%, total imperfections, hairiness and long thin faults in the yarn d...

A study has been conducted on the commercially available compression bandages as regards their performance with time. Pressure mapping of these bandages has been done using a fabricated pressure-measuring device on a mannequin leg to see the effect on pressure due to creep, fabric friction and angle of bandaging. The results show that the creep beh...

This article describes engineering design of waterproof breathability fabrics specifically designed for leisure, medial uses and survival clothing. In many applications, breathable fabrics not only satisfy water-vapor permeability but also a number of other functional characteristics. Garment design, cut and fit, design of seam, constituent of mult...

An experimental investigation of the effect of two different type of stitches viz., lockstitch and chainstitch at the seat seam of trouser for military armed forces has been reported. Performance of chainstitched seam is found to be much better as regards lower value of force at low level of strain, higher value of force at break, strain at break a...

This paper describes basic principles and techniques involved in designing waterproof breathability fabrics. Breathable fabrics are available in a large variety, which can be categorized as — closely woven fabrics, microporous membranes and coating, hydrophilic membranes and coating, combination of microporous and hydrophilic membranes and coating,...

The present work is aimed at studying the impact of high-speed draw frame and its preparatory on fibre orientation parameters (evaluated using Lindsley technique) of cotton sliver. The process variables chosen are card draft, coil diameter of card and delivery speed of breaker draw frame. A three-variable factorial design method proposed by Box and...

An aerosol filtration apparatus based on pulse-jet cleaning has been designed for studying the effects of area density, needling density, particle size and face velocity on filtration performance of needle-punched polyester filter fabrics. The filtration performance associated with a change in each variable has been assessed through the measured va...

Purpose This paper seeks to report an experimental investigation on the tearing and tensile strength behaviour of military khaki fabrics from grey to finished process. Design/methodology/approach Uses three different types of military fabric (3 up 1 down twill), differing in type of constituent yarns (ring/rotor) in order to test their tearing and...

An experimental investigation of the effect of two differently processed military khaki fabrics on seam tensile properties has been reported. Seam modulus is lowest for gray processed fabric made out of rotor spun yarn as warp and weft. Fabric of the this composition also exhibits similar seam strength to that of fabric made out of ring spun yarn a...

The study on creep behaviour of short stretch bandages indicates that the most suitable bandage material as regards better holding during use may not be suitable for repeated use and vice versa. Lower values of delayed extension and permanent set in fabric are desirable for better holding capacity and for its repeated use respectively. Material ran...

This paper reports an experimental investigation into the effect of laundering on seam tensile properties with the variation of stitch density, linear density of sewing threads and composition of base material. Tensile properties such as initial modulus, secant modulus, seam strength, strain at fracture and work up to fracture increase with stitch...

Fabric extension and recovery characteristics in relation to the fabric fractional cover, nature of weft yarns (air-jet textured yarn/spun yarn), doubling of single yarn and filament fineness in air-jet textured yarn have been analysed. It is observed that the spun yarn fabric shows better dimensional stability and shape retention property in terms...

The effect of lycra filament and full relaxation finish on the extension at peak load, immediate recovery, delayed recovery, permanent set and resiliency of cotton-lycra blended knitted fabric has been studied. It is observed that for lycra blended fabric, the immediate recovery, extension and resiliency are higher but delayed recovery and permanen...

The thickness and specific volume of knitted fabric have been analyzed in relation to yarn type (air-jet textured/flat), stitch length and relaxation treatments. It is observed that the behaviour of parent yarn fabric is very different from that of the textured yarn fabric in dry-and fully-relaxed states. The thickness of air-jet textured yarn knit...

The crease recovery of fabrics in relation to the direction of creasing, pick spacing, heat setting and number of filaments in air-jet textured weft yarn has been investigated. With the increase in pick density, the warp-wise crease recovery of air-jet textured yarn fabrics decreases and a reverse trend is observed in weft direction. The textured y...

The influence of first nozzle pressure, gauge length, main draft and condenser width on the initial modulus and flexural rigidity of polyester and viscose yarns has been studied using the Box-Behnken experimental design. The interaction effect among the process variables has been analyzed. It is observed that the initial modulus and flexural rigidi...

The comfort properties of polyester-viscose blended fabrics of two different structures (plain and twill) have been studied. It is observed that with the change in polyester content, the total hand value (THV) of twill woven fabrics shows different trend than that of plain woven fabrics. The thermal insulation and water-vapour resistance increase w...

A series of air-jet textured yarns has been prepared from two feed materials based on 3-level Box and Behnken design and the effect of process variables such as overfeed, air pressure and texturing speed on the textured yarn bulk studied using package density and knitted fabric methods of bulk measurement. The physical bulk obtained from package de...

This work assesses actual increases in the cross-sectional areas of Classimat yarn faults with different spinning systems. The nature of diameter deviations of yarn faults with varying blends and yarn counts is investigated. The actual decrease in the cross-sectional area at the place of thin faults lies very close to the prescribed range of Classi...

The uses of neural networks in many areas are summarised, leading on to an explanation of an artificial neuron and neural networks. Classification of a neural network depends on three listed factors with an architecture base subdivided into single layer and multi layer perception - these are explained. The advantages of using ANN are noted (five qu...

The effect of fabric cover, constituent yarn type, yarn composition and yarn fineness on the flexural rigidity of fabrics of different weave structures are examined. Different levels of bending stiffness are required by textile materials according to end use, and it is necessary to understand the role of structures in designing woven fabrics. The e...

Air-jet texturing is one of the very important developments by means of which a closely packed parallel arrangement of continuous filaments is changed into a more open, voluminous structure. The process is essentially a mechanical process in which the action of fluid forces converts a bundle of filaments into a yarn with projected arcs and loops. T...

Textured yarn instability is affected by the interactions of overfeed with texturing speed and of air pressure with texturing speed. With increased overfeed and texturing speed, yarn instability increases. Changes in instability are quite extensive when textured yarn is produced with higher overfeed coupled with higher texturing speed. With increas...

The authors studied the effects of blend proportion of acrylic-viscose fibres on interlock Knitted fabric low-stress mechanical properties. The properties investigated were extensibility, load extension curve, tensile energy and tensile resiliency. It is concluded that tensile parameters increase with acrylic content as do bending parameters. In ac...

Image processing technique has been evaluated for its effectiveness in measuring the textured yarn bulk. The effect of air-jet texturing process variables on textured yarn physical bulk and yarn structural irregularity has been studied. Physical bulk obtained through image analysis is ineffective in prediction of realisable yarn bulk in the fabric....

A new aerosol filtration apparatus based on pulse-jet cleaning has been designed and used for studing the effects of area density, needling density, particle size and face velocity on filtration performance of needle-punched polyester filter fabrics. The filtration performance associated with a change in each variable has been assessed through the...

The effect of winder type (i.e. spindle driven winder and drum driven winder), winding time, package diameter and winding tension on the measured values of package densities and physical bulk of air-jet textured yarn has been discussed. Surface driven winders produce packages of higher densities and the measured values of physical bulk are lower. T...

Fabric thickness and specific volume in relation to the nature of weft threads (air-jet textured yarn or flat yarn), pressure level during thickness measurement, pick density and heat setting have been analyzed. On heat setting, the fabric thickness and specific volume increase appreciably for the textured yarn fabrics. The changes in fabric thickn...

The tensile, bending, shearing, compressional and surface properties of mulberry and tassar silk fabrics have been studied to investigate their hand values. Using the data obtained, the quality characteristics of mulberry and tassar silk fabrics have been objectively evaluated and then compared. It is observed that mulberry silk fabric is better in...

A software program has been developed to find out the suitable combinations of process variables for obtaining the required bulk and instability of textured yarn. In order to implement the program, it is first necessary to establish relationships between the instability/bulk and the different process variables used on the texturing machine for a pa...

The authors examined the effects of type of material (acrylic and viscose), type of yarn (ring and air jet) and air-jet spinning parameter (2nd nozzle pressure) on dimensional and compressional properties of plain knitted fabrics with four different levels of loop length after dry and full relaxation. The results show that regardless of yarn type a...

The effect of degumming followed by sequential oxidative and reductive bleaching on physical properties, such as tenacity, thickness, fabric weight, bending length, crease recovery, flexural rigidity and air permeability, of mulberry and tasar silk fabrics has been studied. It is observed that tenacity, thickness, fabric weight, bending length, cre...

Image analyzer has been used to study the effect of blend percentage on blend irregularity both in the cross-section and on the surface of polyester-viscose blended air-jet spun yarn. This method is rapid and precise enough to determine zone-wise number distribution of the blend constituents in yarn cross-section. Within and between zone variance a...

A comparative study of the physical properties of mulberry and tassar silk fabrics has been made. It is observed that the mulberry silk fabrics have greater tenacity, better draping behaviour, lower bending length and greater crease recovery.