Arun Patil

• B.E, M.Tech, PhD
• Professor (Associate) at Manipal Institute of Technology

During the last few years, green composites are gaining prominence as alternative materials for aerospace, automotive and construction sectors. Green composites are renewable in nature, economical and biodegradable. The present work mainly focuses on the development of novel green composites to meet the ever-increasing demands of industry for struc...

River sand is ruling construction industry due to its tremendous properties and composition. According to the statistics of World Industrial Silica Sand Demand, this need for sand will increase up to 123.4 millions of metric tons in 2025 in the United States and about 51 millions of metric tons in Asian countries. The increasing population has esca...

This study discusses the acoustic property variations by introducing new absorption materials. An experimental set up established to simulate virtually as well as experimentally with various biodegradable, biocompatible and naturally absorbable materials for a truck cabin of carrier capacity 3.5Tonnes. The materials were embedded on the sidewall an...

This paper investigates the physical and mechanical properties of bighorns of Deccani breed sheep native from Karnataka, India. The exhaustive work comprises two cases. First, rehydrated (wet) and ambient (dry) conditions, and second, the horn coupons were selected for longitudinal and lateral (transverse) directions. More than seventy-two samples...

Whether it is a plant- or animal-based bio-inspiration design, it has always been able to address one or more product/component optimisation issues. Today’s scientists or engineers look to nature for an optimal, economically viable, long-term solution. Similarly, a proposal is made in this current work to use seven different bio-inspired structures...

Packaging plays a crucial role in product transportation, storage, and safety, with materials evolving to meet modern demands. Plastic packaging dominates due to its versatility, while paper and metal alternatives are gaining traction due to recyclability and durability. Bioinspired packaging and damage-tolerant designs are emerging trends, with Ch...

Currently, the world is focusing on sustainable development aspects to maintain a healthy environment for future generation, and it is mandatory that researchers consider naturally available resource utilization in the form of waste. However, one concern with natural resources is their low strength in terms of their mechanical and physical properti...

Nature’s evolutionary mastery has perfected design over the years, yielding organisms superbly adapted to their surroundings. This research delves into the promising domain of bio-inspired designs, poised to revolutionize mechanical engineering. Leveraging insights drawn from prior conversations, we categorize innovations influenced by life on land...

This study investigates the influence of material thickness on the mechanical properties, specifically flexural and tensile properties, of scapula bone specimens from Deccani breed sheep in India. A three-point bending test and a tensile test were conducted on samples with varying thicknesses (1, 2 and 5 mm), and the flexural strength, flexural mod...

Hydroxyapatite (HAp), a calcium phosphate mineral (Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂), has established itself as a cornerstone material across diverse fields since its discovery. HAp serves as a crucial component in artificial bone grafts, dental implants, and drug delivery systems. Researchers have diligently explored various synthesis methods, including sol-gel, p...

The process of inclusion of carbon nanotubes as fibers in cement paste has been proved to have optimistic effect as it enhances the tensile property of cement paste composite. Coir fibers have exceptional mechanical qualities and are thus employed as reinforcement in cement composites. Epoxy resin, which has a high Young’s modulus, is an ideal comp...

In today's environment, finite element analysis is crucial for Mechanical Engineers. In today's highly competitive industries, graduates need to be productive from Day one as they enter the industry. To meet the vast range of industrial requirements or even for higher education, education institutes must adhere to an industry enabled curriculum as...

Hybrid Aluminium 7075 reinforced with Silicon carbide (SiC) and Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) has achieved greater potential in relation to usage in various sectors. Many simulations published results demonstrates use of Aluminium 7075 metal matrix composites (Al 7075 MMCs) in creation of gears. The fabrication of hybrid Al 7075 MMC spur gears with reinf...

This paper reemphasizes the importance of material consideration to design a low pull-in voltage MEMS switch. We have simulated different variants of a cantilever-based MEMS switch with variations in length, thickness, and material of the cantilever beam. The simulation study provides an understanding of a suitable cantilever design to achieve low...

The air separation (O2/N2) based on polymeric membranes is critical because it is more energy efficient than traditional methods. Dense polymeric membranes are now the main stay of industrial processes that generate oxygen and nitrogen enriched gas. Though, regular polymeric membranes often fall short of selective pressure demands because O2 and N2...

The current work focus on a novel biomaterial extracted from Indian origin Deccani-Big sheep horn/scapula bone for exhaustive thermal property study using Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and statistical analysis study using log normal to determine the failure rate of brittle material. The TGA shows four regions, first region in the water reductio...

This work aims to determine how the behaviour of symmetry and asymmetry can affect the bending fatigue performance of glass-fibre-filled PA66 gears. Gears with pressure angles ranging from 20° to 35° at increment steps of 5° on the driving side and 20° on the coast side are considered. Temperature in the gear contact region was recorded at various...

In the original publication [...]

There is an increased demand for cement nanocomposites in the twenty-first century due to their composition, higher strength, high efficiency, and multiscale nature. As carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess extremely high strength, resilience, and stiffness, inclusion of carbon nanotubes in small quantities to the concrete mix makes them a multifunctiona...

Birds are capable of morphing their wings across different flight modes and speeds to improve their aerodynamic performance. In light of this, the study aims to investigate a more optimized solution compared to conventional structural wing designs. The design challenges faced by the aviation industry today require innovative techniques to improve f...

Copolymeric membranes were created by microwave-assisted synthesis of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and acrylic acid (AA) using a one-step polymerization technique using potassium persulfate (KPS) as an initiator, culminating in the creation of PVA-co-AA. Furthermore, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanoparticles (NPs) were generated using th...

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is considered one of the key technologies for realizing Industry 4.0. There are numerous stages in the end-to-end AM process, including component design, material design, build, and so on. An enormous amount of data is generated along the end-to-end AM process that can be acquired from the 3D printer in real-time, micro-...

The photocatalytic degradation of Acid Red 26 was examined utilizing a graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) catalyst and a UV-A light in this study. We investigated how successfully the photocatalytic approach removed Acid Red 26 from synthetic and actual municipal wastewater. Both aqueous matrices allowed for extremely high clearance rates. Wastewate...

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Since it does not use any dangerous chemicals and is a simple, low-cost process, the green synthesis approach for nanoparticle creation has several benefits compared to the physical and chemical synthesis routes. The current study describes an environmentally friendly synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) using an extract of Punica gran...

Due to light weight, high strength to weight ratio, higher wear resistance aluminium and its alloy have got greater consideration as a matrix material in most of the composite applications. Al MMCs is used in preparation of pistons, cylinder barrel, break discs, gears, valves etc. Use of Al-Si alloys are increasing in areas of automobile and aerosp...

The poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and starch-based polymeric films with a ratio of 2:8 were prepared using solution casting followed by a solvent evaporation method. Four types of membranes with varied concentrations of grapefruit seed extract (GSE) i.e., 2.5–10 wt% was incorporated in the films. The prepared membranes were assessed for transparency te...

Conductive films Poly(vinyl alcohol) Sodium tungstate Transparent sheet heaters with flexibility (TSHF) exhibiting improved mechanical and thermal stability were made by adding sodium tungstate (NaW) into poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films by solution coating and solvent evaporation method. The prepared TSHFs were characterized by scanning electron m...

The sol-gel technique was adopted to synthesize the zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. Nano-sized ZnO particles are embedded in-situ to the poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrix to form the nanocomposite polymeric membranes. The nanocomposite membranes were fabricated by varying concentration of ZnO nanoparticles of 2.5, 5, and 10 wt.% in the base PVA memb...

When it comes to sustainability, bio-derived materials are one of the most promising sources of polymers. They are easily accessible, affordable, and may result in a decrease in carbon emissions. The use of bio-based polymer composites lowers the dependence on petroleum-based polymers, leading to environmental degradation issues. Because of this ep...

This research focuses on the decomposition temperature of a large sheep horn from Haveri District, Karnataka, India, which is 302.9°C. It also demonstrates the possible use of large sheep horn in the aerospace industry. It can be utilised as a Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) in high-pressure compressor blades of jet engines. Because of its poor therm...

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Polymer-based nanocomposites are being considered as replacements for conventional materials in medium to high-temperature applications. This article aims to discover the synergistic effects of reinforcements on the developed polymer-based nanocomposite. An epoxy-based polymer composite was manufactured by reinforcing graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) a...

Microwave irradiation is used in this study to synthesize poly (acrylamide-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)/chitosan (P(AM-co-HEMA)/chitosan) semi-IPN hydrogels, which are synthesized using one-pot polymerization techniques with ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator. The first step was to synthesize a (P(AM-co-HEMA) network in a chitosan aqueous...

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In today’s world, efficiency and margin of safety are prime considerations for any applications. To address such parameters in aerospace or high-tech consumer products, there are still limitations in terms of capabilities from a material perspective. Aluminium 7075 is predominantly used as a combination material in these applications, but it has ma...

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In today's time, natural fibers are available abundantly and do possess properties such as biodegradability, light weight, good strength etc. due to which more studies are focused in order to develop a composite including natural fibers as their reinforcements. Bio-composites are considered versatile which have gained recognition in industrial mate...

In the present scenario, one out of every five persons on the globe suffers from osteoporosis and other bone-related disorders. This disease has no age restrictions and can strike anybody between the ages of 10 and 100, even newborns. The aforementioned concerns are the consequence of lifestyle disorders as well as damage to the body, which affects...

Today, oral diseases are the most quotidian and conventional issues of the 21 st Century. Further investigations about the oral disorders stated that it comprises tooth decay, mouth sores, tooth erosion, tooth sensitivity, gum diseases, toothaches, and dental emergencies are predominant in today's generation. The further study identified that the i...

The disc brake is considered as one of the most significant part of the vehicle. It is used to decelerate the motion of the vehicle and stop it when necessary. When brakes are applied to stop the vehicle the brake pads come in contact with the brake disc which increases the temperature of the disc plate and is subjected to thermal stress. The main...

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Heat transfer to a straight multiple impinging air/ water jet is studied experimentally. A 22 cm thin copper plate, 1 mm thick was electrically heated and cooled from one side. The temperature was measured on the other side. A geometrical prearrangement of 77 arrays in-line with a pitch of 3 mm was tested. The heat flux is varied from 20 to 250 W...

In majority of the situations, the rooftops are made up of concrete slabs. Concrete is a result of cement, water, air, sand and its aggregates being mixed in a specific proportionate. The thermal conductivity of concrete ranges from 1.25 to 2.25 W m−1 k−1 due to which it doesn’t fall into the category of insulating materials. In summer, the tempera...

The guiding framework and directing section are the standouts amongst the most significant gadgets of a car. It is an extremely critical part to accomplish the steadiness and relentless development of the vehicle. Just like an insect in this part, a cross joint is formed made up of poles having some type of burdens on each pole. The poles due to th...

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is an excellent membrane-forming polymer and can be modified with potato starch and methyl acrylate monomers to obtain copolymers with improved physical and chemical properties. The study presents the synthesis of poly(vinyl alcohol)-g-starch-poly(methyl acrylate) PVA-g-St-g-PMA copolymers using microwave irradiation techn...

The development of radiation attenuation materials with lean cross-sections is the need of the hour. However, the inherent threat of radiations accompanying these processes is of major concern. Thus, in an attempt to shield unnecessary radiations, several novel materials have been fabricated alongside the conventional materials available. Yet, ther...

Copper-substituted nickel manganites Ni(1−x)CuxMn2O4 (Ni-TCE-NPs) were produced by co-precipitation route (sol–gel) at room temperature. Ni(1−x)CuxMn2O4-Bio (NCB) NPs were studied by powder X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. XRD spectra authenticated the copper-doped nickel manganites’ formation with p...

Reviewer for Materials MDPI

Rubber tapping is a rubber latex extraction process which has to be done early morning in order to satisfy cool climate for latex flow. It is a tedious process which takes great work force and man-hour it has to be done with great accuracy .It is a great necessity for an automated or mechanized tapping to cope with the market requirement. So it is...

Naturally replenished biodiesel fuels are more precise in place of diesel engine applications as they have complying thermal properties, which are extensively used by various researchers. However, there is necessity to optimize their utility to meet stringent emission norms as per Bharat Stage VI (BS VI) and Euro 6. From the exhaustive survey on th...

In today’s world, global warming has become a concern. To overcome this, we need to reduce the carbon footprints caused by the production of materials. Much of the time, this is equivalent to the same amount of CO2 emissions per tonne of production. This is a serious concern and needs to be overcome by identifying alternative materials to have as m...

This experimental study investigates the mechanical properties of polymer matrix composites containing nanofiller developed by fused deposition modelling (FDM). A novel polymer nanocomposite was developed by amalgamating polycarbonate-acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (PC-ABS) by blending with graphene nanoparticles in the following proportions: 0.2,...

In this study, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and graphite powder—a solid lubricant—were filled and characterized for friction and wear responses. The fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique was utilized to synthesize ABS–graphite composites. A twin-screw extrusion approach was employed to create the composite filament of graphite–ABS that...

Today the world is looking at a bio-composites having eco environmental conditions, non hazardous to animals, easily recyclable, cost effective etc. In this regard many bio-composites were already developed with giving due Weightage to aforementioned parameters but nevertheless still there are plenty of issues exists. To address these issues such a...

Polymer based gearing has been expanding in use as designer to better comprehend their advantages and constraints. Polymer gears have set up themselves as best alternative in contrast to customary metal gears. The usage of these gears from automotive sector to office automation devices like printers, copiers, contributes superior performance. On th...

The reality about plastic and its impact on the earth’s eco system is that ‘Every piece of plastic made till date, exists on earth today’. Today the world is transforming from an era of ‘Plastic age’ to an era of ‘Bio-compatible and Biodegradable plastic age’. To overcome this epidemic problem, scientists/researchers are till date working on novel...

The present work emphasizes the synthesis of bio-nanocomposites using PLA and epoxy resin-based matrices through solution casting technique. An optimized 20% PLA-epoxy combination is further reinforced with nanofillers of graphene and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Dosage of the nanofillers is varied from 0.2 to 0.4 wt.% to develop bio-nano...

The concept of 3D printing also known as Additive Manufacturing (AM) is gaining huge importance from industrialists as well as researchers. Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) is a major share holder of AM in the present market, which uses polymer in the form of filament to be used as a raw material for development of either prototype or functional mo...

Aims Al7075 is a well-defined alloy for its excellent physical and mechanical behavior such as high strength, toughness, and low density. To reach the expectations of the automobile and aerospace applications, the properties of Al7075 alloy has to be improved by reinforcing nano-sized Al2O3 particles. Objectives Synthesis and characterization of t...

Abstract: Biopolymers are eco-friendly substitute materials to synthetic polymers due to their abundant resource, biodegradability, and ease of processing. In recent years biopolymer-based polymers attracted many researchers because of cost, lightweight, and recyclability. One of the most promising biopolymers used in many applications such as food...

Biopolymers are eco-friendly substitute materials to synthetic polymers due to their abundant resource, biodegradability, and ease of processing. In recent years biopolymer-based polymers attracted many researchers because of cost, lightweight, and recyclability. One of the most promising biopolymers used in many applications such as food, packagin...

Today, oral disorders are the most prominent and common issues in the world. Investigations reveal oral disorders comprising of gum disease, tooth decay, mouth sores, tooth erosion, tooth sensitivity, toothaches , and dental emergencies. Further, in-depth study identifies improper bonding between denture base and denture teeth ending up with costly...

Today's industries want the student to be counted on billing from the day one he/she joins the company. To fulfil the broad spectrum of requirement from industry the education institutes have to follow the curriculum set by industry personnel. Lack of skill and exposure about the application of finite element analysis, students are unable to apply...

This paper investigates the Physical and Mechanical properties of bighorns of Deccani breed sheep native from Karnataka origin, India. The exhaustive work is comprising of two cases. Firstly, rehydrated (Wet) and Ambient dry (Dry) condition and Secondly, the horn coupons were selected for longitudinal and lateral (Transverse) directions. More than...

Personal protective kits vividly used for safeguarding-groups, especially the medical fraternity that are vulnerable to pathogen transfer from infected patients. Due to the current pandemic outbreak, personal protective kits have gained center-stage to avoid viral transmission. Presently, most economical personal protective garments made using Poly...

Locomotive transportation is one of the important sectors in the field of transportation. Hence, passengers' experience plays a vital role in the improvement of the public transportation. The present research article addresses the vibrational issues that occur due to lack of damping in the public transportation. The study focuses on reducing vibrat...

In the present automotive world high importance is given to the comfort and safety of the passenger. The comfort to the passenger signifies many terms such as the seating structure, leg space, air conditioning etc. The most important thing is that all the vehicles are subjected to vibrations such as from the engine or from external factors. The vib...

Today's generation is run over by fashion and its acts as a symbol of class and prestige. Due to which people tend to buy things without thinking and then the old ones are dumped. The same trend is followed in the footwear industry where the user tends to buy things and then throw it. This has led to the huge pile of footwear which are waste to the...

The use of Gasket or sealing ring is one of the most important and just less than a perfect method to prevent leakage of fluids both during the static and dynamic condition. Moreover, the subject of using natural or organic materials has gained prime importance amongst both designers and researchers to reduce environmental impact. This study focuse...

The paper presents the selection of suitable coating material for a single-point cutting tool. The coated tool exhibited superior wear and heat resistance. The coating is done over an uncoated tool. Single point cutting tool coating is done according to the points and regions we found getting affected due to cutting tool operation and due to therma...

Since the development of wireless technology we have been benefitted in many ways while becoming more susceptible to the electromagnetic radiations as electromagnetic radiations are the basic means of transmission in this technology. There has been many advancements in the technology which leads to the increased possibilities of exposure to the rad...

Gas turbine needs to withstand high temperature, stresses and fatigue loads they are exposed to, while still being affordable and maintaining a long-life span. This paper presents an alternative material for Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) of the gas turbine blade. The paper also summarizes the basic properties of nickel superalloys that are used as...

Conventional cutleries used in restaurants, food chains and catering services have major drawbacks as they involve petroleum-based chemicals whose disposal has been associated with a widespread harmful effects on environment and its lives. Hence, the use of natural fibre and natural matrix to build an alternative and feasible bio-composite is the n...

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Polylactic acid (PLA) has made inroads in the commercial market segment with many unique characteristics. To list a few, such as tenacity, low flame rate, moisture regain percentage, loss of ignition percentage, combustion heat, UV resistance, elastic recovery, and higher melting point, make PLA a predominant material in the commercial market. This...

Polymer gears pose major advantages, like noiseless operation, resistive against corrosion, low weight, able to damp vibrations, ease of manufacturability and are able to operate without lubrication like in printers, household appliances etc. In order to enhance mechanical properties of gear materials, various reinforcing materials added such as gl...