Arturo E Schultz

Arturo E Schultz
The University of Texas at San Antonio | UTSA · School of Civil & Environmental Engineering and Construction Management

PhD FPCI FTMS
Professor & Chair of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Texas at San Antonio

About

223
Publications
99,312
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2,398
Citations
Additional affiliations
January 1996 - October 2015
University of Minnesota
Position
  • Professor of Structural Engineering

Publications

Publications (223)
Chapter
In this chapter, case studies of bridge collapses are presented to illustrate basic causes of bridge failure. In the first section, we present failures during construction; in the second, failures due to design flaws, material inadequacy, overloading, and maintenance are outlined. The third part describes failures due to extreme loading such as sei...
Conference Paper
p>Pairing of robotic arms with precision cutting in the form of laser, plasma, and water jet cutting has opened the door to entirely new forms of structural steel connections that can be assembled with no field welding and minimal (if any) bolting. Such connections can offer increased erection speed, decreased safety issues, and in some cases the o...
Article
Full-text available
Unbonded post-tensioned (UPT) tendons have been used in structural masonry walls to enhance the self-centering capability of the walls. However, the lateral displacement capacity of masonry walls with UPT tendons can be compromised by early crushing of the compression toes. To prevent toe crushing, this research study employed rubber pads underneat...
Article
Despite wide use of terms such as “digital manufacturing” and “digital fabrication” in the constructional steel industry, actual use to date is mostly limited to research and development activities. In contrast, other heavy industries, such as automotive and aerospace have moved much faster and implemented many aspects of digital manufacturing and...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
The self-centering capability of structural masonry walls can be enhanced with the use of vertical unbonded post-tensioning combined with a rocking mechanism at the wall-foundation interface. However, the lateral displacement capacity of these wall systems is often compromised by early crushing of the compression toes. An experimental research stud...
Article
Post-tensioning techniques improve the tensile strength of masonry substantially, endowing posttensioned masonry with performance comparable or superior to that of reinforced masonry cantilever walls. A useful structural application is for retaining walls, and although investigations have been made in posttensioned masonry cantilever walls, most of...
Article
The aim of the present study is to develop insights into the structural performance of a recently developed ‘intermeshed’ steel connection, which transfers loads mainly through direct contact rather than by welds or bolts. This investigation was conducted through a step-by-step state assessment of the intermeshed connection subjected to multiple sc...
Article
This paper describes an investigation into the use of advanced manufacturing techniques for the creation of a new class of intermeshed steel connections that rely on neither welding nor bolting. The project detailed herein lays the groundwork to transform the steel building construction industry by advancing the underlying science and engineering p...
Article
Full-text available
This paper presents the work carried out on a collaborative tripartite project between the USA, Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland to create and investigate the design, development and testing of a new class of intermeshed steel connections (ISCs) that do not rely on field welding and minimise bolting, thus targeting the facilitation of fast...
Article
The presence of effective wall-to-diaphragm connections has been shown to significantly improve the global seismic behavior of unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings. However, despite the importance of such connections, there remains a paucity of experimental research to provide physical validation of current recommendations in design standards and g...
Article
Full-text available
Digital manufacturing has transformed many industries but has had only a limited impact in the construction sector. To capitalize on advanced manufacturing techniques, this paper introduces a radically new connection approach for gravity structural steel frames. The proposed intermeshed steel connection (ISC) exploits robotic abilities to cut struc...
Article
Full-text available
The investigation of structural single rocking walls (SRWs) continues to gain interest as they produce self-centering lateral load responses with reduced structural damage. The Simple Rocking Model (SRM) with modifications has been shown to capture these responses accurately if the SRW and its underlying base are infinitely rigid. This paper advanc...
Article
This paper describes an investigation into the use of advanced manufacturing techniques for the creation of a new class of intermeshed steel connections that rely on neither welding nor bolting. The project detailed herein lays the groundwork to transform the steel building construction industry by advancing the underlying science and engineering p...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Using thin rubber pads underneath the compression toes, seismic performance of structural masonry walls with unbonded post-tensioning was investigated. The intent of the proposed system was to enhance the seismic performance of masonry walls, while minimizing structural damage and improving their self-centering capability. This research study inves...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Previous research studies investigated the use of vertical unbonded post-tensioning for rocking masonry walls as it leads to re-centering with minimal damage. Most of those studies employed quasi-static tests to characterize the seismic behavior of the walls, ignoring that additional energy loss results from dynamic impacts at the rocking interface...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
This paper describes a collaborative project between the US, Ireland, and Northern Ireland (UK) to investigate advanced manufacturing cutting techniques for the creation of a new class of intermeshed steel connections that rely on neither welding nor bolting. To date, advanced manufacturing equipment has only been used to accelerate traditional pro...
Article
This paper describes a collaborative project between the US, Ireland, and Northern Ireland (UK) to investigate advanced manufacturing cutting techniques for the creation of a new class of intermeshed steel connections that rely on neither welding nor bolting. To date, advanced manufacturing equipment has only been used to accelerate traditional pro...
Article
Full-text available
Precast and post-tensioned systems increase the efficiency of masonry beams in terms of labor and time of construction. This study is aimed at evaluating the flexural behavior of ungrouted post-tensioned concrete masonry beams, with eccentric bars, and the effect of the main design parameters on their structural performance when subjected to monoto...
Conference Paper
On 16 April 2016, a magnitude (Mw) 7.8 earthquake struck coastal Ecuador and generated more than 1,500 aftershocks as of June 19, 2016, many with Mw exceeding 6. The epicenter of the main shock was located approximately 29 km south-southeast of Muisne, and had intensities of VIII and IX over a large affected region in the provinces of Esmeraldas an...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
This paper presents a modelling approach for estimating seismic behavior of rocking masonry walls with unbonded post-tensioning. The proposed modelling approach estimates the rocking motions of these walls including the inelastic deformations in the masonry at the wall toes and associated continuous energy dissipation in the forms of viscous dampin...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Structural elements in buildings and bridges may experience varying levels of damage during seismic events. The extent of damage in RC columns during earthquakes is related to their material and cross sectional properties, as well as to the characteristics of the loading history. Unlike bridge piers, very few research studies have investigated the...
Conference Paper
Partially-grouted reinforced masonry is a common form of construction in institutional, government, and commercial buildings throughout the eastern, southern, and central United States. It is important for this lateral-load resisting system to remain intact during a seismic event, as many of these of buildings require quick accessibility after an e...
Conference Paper
A clear understanding of resistance mechanisms in reinforced concrete (RC) columns under extreme earthquakes is crucial as column failure can lead to structural collapse. To enhance such understanding, seven full-scale reinforced concrete columns were tested under distinct monotonic and cyclic loading protocols, similar to those that RC columns exp...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
The built infrastructure faces risk of disaster from a variety of extreme loading events. To achieve disaster resilience, the resistance characteristics of load-bearing structural systems must be verified, for which task highly specialized facilities are required for testing large-scale structures, assemblages and components under conditions that a...
Article
Unlike the use of bonded reinforcement to anchor a masonry wall to its foundation, the use of unbonded posttensioning may result in a controlled rocking response of the wall. Considering that conventional analysis techniques routinely employed for monolithic structures are inadequate to describe a controlled rocking response, this paper introduces...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
The significant damage sustained by conventional reinforced masonry wall systems under seismic excitations has motivated researchers to develop self-centering masonry walls with unbonded post-tensioning that are capable of resisting seismic loads with minimal residual deformations. When these walls experience lateral loads, a horizontal crack is de...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
There is a growing interest in understanding the in-plane behavior of unbonded-posttensioned walls to develop wall systems that can re-center with small residual deformations and little damage when subjected to horizontal seismic loads. However, conventional analysis methods cannot reproduce the response characteristics of unbonded-posttensioned m...
Conference Paper
On 16 April 2016, a magnitude (Mw) 7.8 earthquake struck coastal Ecuador and generated over 100 aftershocks (Mw ≥ 6). The epicenter of the main shock was approximately 29 km south-southeast of Muisne, and had intensities of VIII and IX over a large affected region in the provinces of Esmeraldas and Manabí. More than 10,500 buildings were damaged or...
Article
The use of unbonded post-tensioning to develop fully-grouted masonry shear wall systems that can respond by rocking has recently gained significant momentum. The behavior of these walls has been routinely characterized using monotonic analysis with primary consideration to the rocking mechanism, concentrating the wall deformations at the base. Howe...
Article
Current ACI code provisions (ACI 318-14) for the design of reinforced concrete (RC) columns are based on previous experiments on column specimens that featured smaller cross sectional dimensions compared to those currently used in mid- or high-rise buildings. A study on a database of RC columns, including those recently tested at the MAST Laborator...
Article
Seven full-scale reinforced concrete (RC) columns were tested at the Multi-Axial Subassemblage Testing (MAST) Laboratory of the University of Minnesota to investigate their performance under extreme seismic events. The specimens were designed according to seismic provisions of ACI 318-11 (ACI Committee 318, 2011) and incorporated closely-spaced tra...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
In the Chilean earthquake in 1960, survival of several slender tall structures was attributed to their ability to respond in a rocking mode when experiencing the ground motion. Three years later, Housner developed a simple rocking model (SRM) to analytically explain the stability induced by rocking. The SRM was based on a planar rigid block pivotin...
Chapter
In this chapter, case studies of bridge collapses are discussed to illustrate the basic causes of bridge failure. In the first section, we present failures during construction; in the second, failures due to design flaws, material inadequacy, overloading, and maintenance are outlined. The third part describes failures due to extreme loading such as...
Technical Report
Full-text available
In mid-April of 2016, the coastal Ecuadoran province of Manabí suffered a devastating earthquake. Damage was spread up and down the coast, with some towns almost being completely erased. In about a month’s time, EERI sent out a reconnaissance team to study the damage. The team was made up of highly energetic structural engineers from both practice...
Article
In mid-April of 2016, the coastal Ecuadoran province of Manabí suffered a devastating earthquake. Damage was spread up and down the coast, with some towns almost being completely erased. In about a month’s time, EERI sent out a reconnaissance team to study the damage. The team was made up of highly energetic structural engineers from both practice...
Article
This paper compares the arc-length and explicit dynamic solution methods for nonlinear finite element analysis of prestressed concrete members subjected to monotonically increasing loads. The investigations have been conducted using an L-shaped, prestressed concrete spandrel beam, selected as a highly nonlinear problem from the literature to give i...
Article
Full-text available
Recent studies have shown that in the event of a strong earthquake, partially grouted (PG) masonry walls would most likely not perform according to code expectations. The research reported herein is focused on introducing an economically competitive design detail to enhance the seismic performance and safety index of PG reinforced masonry shear wal...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
On 25 April 2015 at 11:56 local time a moment magnitude (M w) 7.8 earthquake struck Nepal, with the epicentre in Gorkha District (northwest) of Kathmandu and south of the China border. More than 390 aftershocks followed with magnitude 4 or higher, including a magnitude 6.7 and a 7.3 earthquake on 26 April and 12 May 2015, respectively. The epicentr...
Cover Page
Full-text available
Multi-Axial Sub-Assemblage Testing (MAST) Laboratory, the largest and most comprehensive of its kind in the world, provides a powerful tool for investigating the effects of earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, and other extreme events on large structural components up to several stories tall. Key features of the MAST facility include: 1) Precise six...
Article
Full-text available
The connections between walls of unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings and flexible timber diaphragms are critical building components that must perform adequately before desirable earthquake response of URM buildings may be achieved. Field observations made during the initial reconnaissance and the subsequent damage surveys of clay brick URM buildi...
Article
The assessment of the structural integrity of infrastructure after extreme events is an important application of nondestructive technology. Advancements in elastic wave-based methods in recent years have allowed for productive and accurate quantitative analysis which was previously lacking. In this study, ultrasonic array measurements coupled with...
Article
Full-text available
In 1963, a geometry-dependent approach to estimate the coefficient of restitution (COR) was proposed for free rocking structures. Since then, this estimation has been reported as being consistently lower than results obtained from experimental data. An assumption used by the original model is shown to be the cause of this underestimation. Identifyi...
Conference Paper
Post-tensioning is an effective technique for improving the structural behavior of masonry members. The limited knowledge of the flexural behavior of unbonded and ungrouted post-tensioned masonry has restricted its practical application. This paper reports the results of full-scale tests of 8 ungrouted beams with unbonded tendons conducted to inves...
Article
Full-text available
A series of eight full-scale reinforced concrete column tests was recently carried out at the NEES (Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation) Multi-Axial Subassemblage Testing (MAST) site at the University of Minnesota as part of a National Science Foundation (NSF) NEES research program. The tests were conducted to address the shortcomings in...
Chapter
Zementgebundene Hochleistungsfaserverbundwerkstoffe (engl. High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites, HPFRCC) stellen eine Klasse von Zementkompositen dar, die dehnungsverfestigend sind, eine hohe Bruchdehnung aufweisen und vor Erreichen der Höchstlast zahlreiche Risse zeigen. Neben dieser mechanischen Definition können weitere Merkmale H...
Conference Paper
While most masonry structures constructed in the West Coast of the U.S. are reinforced and fully grouted, almost all reinforced masonry construction in the rest of the country, including regions of high seismic risk, utilizes partial grouting. The popularity of partial grouting is a result of lower material costs, faster rates of construction, and...
Conference Paper
Direct collapse simulation is a critical tool for understanding the behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings subjected to extreme earthquakes. However, there are major shortcomings in currently available test data for modern RC moment frame columns in order to develop suitable models for the collapse simulation. Most of the currently availabl...
Article
Many highway bridges in the United States are reaching their intended design lives and are in need of attention. To avoid replacing these bridges simultaneously, methodologies to safely extend their lives are important to help avoid high replacement costs and to allow for bridge replacement to occur over a longer time window. This paper expands an...
Conference Paper
The fatigue life of a bridge can be extended by fifty years just by reducing the peak strain levels it experiences by 33%. This paper utilizes a dynamic model of the Cedar Avenue tied arch steel bridge in Minnesota to investigate active control technologies for peak strain reduction. Simulations show that the use of passive structural modification...
Article
Slender precast concrete spandrels that span long distances are being used to increase the cost effectiveness of precast concrete parking structures. They are efficient because they reduce the number of column lines required in a building floor plan as well as the number of elements to transport and erect. However, increasing spandrel slenderness r...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
The connections between walls of unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings and flexible timber diaphragms are critical building components that must perform adequately before desirable earthquake response of URM buildings may be achieved. Field observations made during the initial reconnaissance and the subsequent damage surveys of clay brick URM buildi...
Article
The resistance of prestressed concrete through-girder (PCTG) pedestrian bridges to lateral loads was studied in response to the increasing number of vehicular impacts in the United States. This research was motivated by the lack of reported studies analyzing the behavior of such bridges to lateral impact loads, as well as their potential vulnerabil...
Article
The influence of imperfections on the response of simply-supported post-tensioned masonry (PTM) walls subject to out-of-plane loading is investigated. Two types of imperfections of the masonry and/or tendons are studied: a linear misalignment and an initial deflection defined using a sinusoid. Walls with a range of slenderness ratios are considered...
Article
Full-text available
The connections between walls of unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings and flexible timber diaphragms are critical building components that must perform adequately before desirable earthquake response of URM buildings may be achieved. Field observations made during the initial reconnaissance and the subsequent damage surveys of clay brick URM buildi...
Article
Spandrel beams in precast concrete buildings are widely used to support double-tee deck beams, particularly in parking garages. Spandrel beams of deep cross-sections, resisting eccentric loads from double-tee beams, can be susceptible to excessive lateral deformations and serviceability failures before reaching their strength limits. However, close...
Article
A large portion of highway bridges in the United States are reaching or have reached their intended design lives. To avoid replacing a large number of bridges simultaneously, methodologies to safely extend their lives are important to help avoid high replacement costs and to schedule bridge replacement over a longer time window. This paper proposes...