Arnab Nayak

• PhD
• Group Leader at Hannover Medical School

Myosins are ATP‐powered, force‐generating motor proteins involved in cardiac and muscle contraction. The external load experienced by the myosins modulates and coordinates their function in vivo. Here, this study investigates the tension‐sensing mechanisms of rabbit native β‐cardiac myosin (βM‐II) and slow skeletal myosins (SolM‐II) that perform in...

Ca²⁺-mediated activation of thin filaments is a crucial step in initiating striated muscle contraction. To gain mechanistic insight into this regulatory process, thin filament (TF) components and myosin motors from diverse species and tissue sources are often combined in minimal in vitro systems. The contribution of tissue-specific TF composition w...

Chemotherapeutics used in cancer therapy are often linked to muscle wasting or cachexia. Insights into the molecular basis of chemotherapy-induced cachexia is essential to improve treatment strategies. Here, we demonstrated that Sorafenib-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) class of chemotherapeutic agents-induced cachexia. System-wide analyses reveale...

Adverse effects of chemotherapies can outweigh the benefits in cancer patients. Various chemotherapeutics are linked to muscle wasting or cachexia, drastically reducing the chance of survivability of cancer patients. Insights into the molecular basis of chemotherapy-induced cachexia is an unmet need to improve the treatment strategies. Here, we inv...

Myonecrosis is a frequent clinical manifestation of envenomings by Viperidae snakes, mainly caused by the toxic actions of secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) enzymes and sPLA2-like homologs on skeletal muscle fibers. A hallmark of the necrotic process induced by these myotoxins is the rapid appearance of hypercontracted muscle fibers, attributed to...

Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a major cerebrovascular disease of genetic origin characterized by abnormally dilated capillaries and a wide spectrum of symptoms, including headaches, seizures, neurological deficits, and intracerebral hemorrhage. Its unpredictable clinical course and the current lack of therapies make the identification of...

Mobility is an intrinsic feature of the animal kingdom that stimulates evolutionary processes and determines the biological success of animals. Skeletal muscle is the primary driver of voluntary movements. Besides, skeletal muscles have an immense impact on regulating glucose, amino acid, and lipid homeostasis. Muscle atrophy/wasting conditions are...

Disorganization of the basic contractile unit of muscle cells, i.e., the sarcomeres, leads to suboptimal force generation and is a hallmark of muscle atrophy. Here, we demonstrate that the nuclear role of SENP7 deSUMOylase is pivotal for sarcomere organization. SENP7 expression is temporally upregulated in mature muscle cells and directly regulates...

The myosin II motors are ATP-powered force-generating machines driving cardiac and muscle contraction. Myosin II heavy chain isoform-beta (β-MyHC) is primarily expressed in the ventricular myocardium and in slow-twitch muscle fibers, such as M. soleus. M. soleus-derived myosin II (SolM-II) is often used as an alternative to the ventricular β-cardia...

The myosin II motors are ATP-powered, force-generating machines driving cardiac and muscle contraction. Myosin II heavy chain isoform- beta (beta-MyHC) is primarily expressed in the ventricular myocardium and slow-twitch muscle fibers, such as in M. soleus. M. soleus-derived myosin II (SolM-II) is often used as an alternative to the ventricular bet...

Background Chemotherapy is the first line of treatment for cancer patients. However, the side effects cause severe muscle atrophy or chemotherapy‐induced cachexia. Previously, the NF‐κB/MuRF1‐dependent pathway was shown to induce chemotherapy‐induced cachexia. We hypothesized that acute collateral toxic effects of chemotherapy on muscles might invo...

Here is a link to my article "Acto-Myosin Cross-Bridge Stiffness Depends on the Nucleotide State of Myosin II", You can view the full text of this article at http://pubs.acs.org/articlesonrequest/AOR-ZWTAAYHQ9TPPXHIEZHKV to download this article.

How various myosin isoforms fulfill the diverse physiological requirements of distinct muscle types remain unclear. Distinct Myosin II isoforms expressed in skeletal muscles determine the mechanical performance of the specific muscles. Here, we employed a single-molecule optical trapping method and compared the chemo-mechanical properties of slow a...

How various myosin isoforms fulfill the diverse physiological requirements of distinct muscle types remains unclear. Myosin II isoforms expressed in skeletal muscles determines the mechanical performance of the specific muscles as fast movers, or slow movers but efficient force holders. Here, we employed a single-molecule optical trapping method an...

Myosin II is the main force-generating motor during muscle contraction. Myosin II exists as different isoforms that are involved in diverse physiological functions. One outstanding question is whether the myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms alone account for these distinct physiological properties. Unique sets of essential and regulatory light chains...

Skeletal muscles constitute roughly 40% of human body mass. Muscles are specialized tissues that generate force to drive movements through ATP‐driven cyclic interactions between the protein filaments, namely actin and myosin filaments. The filaments are organized in an intricate structure called the ‘sarcomere’, which is a fundamental contractile u...

Myosin II is the main force-generating motor during muscle contraction. Myosin II exists as different isoforms, involved in diverse physiological functions. The outstanding question is whether the myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms alone account for the distinct physiological properties. Unique sets of essential and regulatory light chains (RLCs) as...

Precise assembly of the sarcomere, a force-generating unit in striated muscles, is critical for muscle contraction. Defective sarcomere organization is linked to myopathies and cachexia. The molecular mechanisms concerning sarcomere assembly are poorly understood. Here, we report that the SUMO-specific isopeptidase SENP3 determines sarcomere assemb...

Myosin family motors play diverse cellular roles. Precise insights into how the light chains contribute to the functional variabilities among myosin motors, however, remain unresolved. Here, it is demonstrated that the fast skeletal muscle myosin II isoform myosin heavy chain (MHC‐IID) can be transformed into a processive motor, by simply replacing...

Background Despite recent studies on the role of ubiquitin-related SUMO modifier in cell fate decisions, our understanding on precise molecular mechanisms of these processes is limited. Previously, we established that the SUMO isopeptidase SENP3 regulates chromatin assembly of the MLL1/2 histone methyltransferase complex at distinct HOX genes, incl...

Deconvolution image-based RNAi screen of 71 genes.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23063.004

Proteomic data from SEC of immunoprecipitated HA-ATG13.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23063.020

siRNA sequences. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23063.034

Primer sequences. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23063.035

Primary image-based RNAi screen of 186 genes.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23063.003

Complete interaction proteomics of 7 bait proteins.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23063.012

Proteomic data from Native PAGE analysis of HA-IPs.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23063.019

mRNA expression microarray analysis of control and SMCR8 depleted cells.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.23063.031

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and the post-implantation epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs) portray two different states of pluripotency. They differ with respect to epigenetic signatures, dependency of growth factor signaling circuit and cell morphology. They are interconvertible, however, with poor reconversion efficiency. This is indicative of existence...

Objective: Reactive oxygen species generated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases contribute to angiogenesis and vascular repair. NADPH oxidase organizer 1 (NoxO1) is a cytosolic protein facilitating assembly of constitutively active NADPH oxidases. We speculate that NoxO1 also contributes to basal reactive oxygen specie...

Microtubules execute diverse mitotic events that are spatially and temporally separated; the underlying regulation is poorly understood. By combining drug treatments, large-scale immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry, we report the first comprehensive map of mitotic phase-specific protein interactions of the microtubule-end binding protein, EB1...

Ribosome biogenesis is a multistep cellular pathway that involves more than 200 regulatory components to ultimately generate translation-competent 80S ribosomes. The initial steps of this process, particularly rRNA processing, take place in the nucleolus, while later stages occur in the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm. One critical factor of 28S rRNA mat...

We summarize the evolutionary relationship, structure and subcellular distribution of SUMO proteases (or SUMO isopeptidases). We also discuss their functions and allude to their involvement in human disease.

The ubiquitin-like SUMO system regulates gene expression, but the molecular insights into this process are incomplete. We show that the SUMO-specific isopeptidase SENP3 controls H3K4 methylation by regulating histone-modifying SET1/MLL complexes. SET1/MLL complexes are composed of a histone methyltransferase and the regulatory components WDR5, RbBP...

Cellular signaling pathways largely depend on the plasticity of multiprotein complexes. A central mechanism that assures the coordinated assembly and disassembly of protein complexes is the reversible post-translational modification of the individual components for example by phosphorylation, acetylation, or ubiquitylation. Accumulating evidence in...

Tolerance to self-antigens expressed in peripheral organs is maintained by CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp3(+) Treg cells, which are generated as a result of thymic selection or peripheral induction. Here, we demonstrate that steady-state migratory DCs from the skin mediated Treg conversion in draining lymph nodes of mice. These DCs displayed a partially matur...

The family of NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T-cells) transcription factors plays an important role in cytokine gene regulation. In peripheral T-cells NFATc1 and -c2 are predominantly expressed. Because of different promoter and poly(A) site usage as well as alternative splicing events, NFATc1 is synthesized in multiple isoforms. The highly indu...

The family of NFAT (Nuclear Factor of Activated T-cells) transcription factors plays an important role in cytokine gene regulation. In peripheral T-cells, NFATc1 and c2 are pre-dominantly expressed. Due to different promoter and polyA site usage as well as alternative splicing events, NFATc1 is synthesized in multiple isoforms. The highly inducible...

Blimp-1 is a master regulator of terminal B cell differentiation and plays a pivotal role in various developmental processes. In addition to full length Blimp-1, a Blimp-1 mRNA lacking exon 7 (Blimp-1Delta7) has been described to occur in murine B cells. The activity and function of the mutant mRNA-encoded protein (Blimp-1Delta7), lacking three cru...

Die Aktivität von Transkriptionsfaktoren kann durch die Modifikation mit SUMO positiv oder negativ beeinflusst werden, indem Protein-Protein-Interaktionen als auch die subzelluläre bzw. subnukleäre Lokalisation verändert werden. In T-Zellen spielt die Familie der NFAT (Nuclear Factor of Activated T cells)-Transkriptionsfaktoren eine wichtige Rolle...