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May 2005 - May 2013
Publications
Publications (93)
Dataset maintenance and development is a complex endeavor that necessitates the use of different systems through the dataset lifecycle. The semantic web succeeded in setting common standards that enable data interchange between these systems. Still, there is often a lack of interoperability and integration at the process level, indispensable to use...
The Publications Office (OP) of European Union (EU) expressed the need to simplify the Official Journal production workflow, which required different formats and, consequently, document instances at different stages of the process. We met this need by developing LegalHTML, which unifies the formal, structural and semantic representation of legal ac...
This article details a correction to the article: Caracciolo, C., Aubin, S., Jonquet, C., Amdouni, E., David, R., Garcia, L., Whitehead, B., Roussey, C., Stellato, A. and Villa, F., 2020. 39 Hints to Facilitate the Use of Semantics for Data on Agriculture and Nutrition. 'Data Science Journal', 19(1), p.47. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5334/dsj-2020-047
Newly acquired, aggregated and shared data are essential for innovation in food and agriculture to improve the discoverability of research. Since the early 1980′s, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has coordinated AGROVOC, a valuable tool for data to be classified homogeneously, facilitating interoperability and reus...
Ontology Alignment, intended in its broadest meaning of alignment between datasets of different nature – thesauri, ontologies, and even mere instance data – is a well-known practice aiming at realizing semantic links between datasets on the (Semantic) Web. Considerable investigation has been carried on the automatic computation of alignments and on...
This paper presents a formal knowledge organization system (KOS) to represent the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The SDGs are a set of objectives adopted by all United Nations member states in 2015 to achieve a better and sustainable future. The developed KOS consists of an ontology that models the core elements of the Global...
Tabular data formats (e.g. CSV and spreadsheets) combine ease of use, versatility and compatibility with information management systems. Despite their numerous advantages, these formats typically rely on column headers and out-of-band agreement to convey semantics. There is clearly a large gap with respect to the Semantic Web, which uses RDF as a g...
In this paper, we report on the outputs and adoption of the Agrisemantics Working Group of the Research Data Alliance (RDA), consisting of a set of recommendations to facilitate the adoption of semantic technologies and methods for the purpose of data interoperability in the field of agriculture and nutrition. From 2016 to 2019, the group gathered...
In this paper, we report on the outputs and adoption of the Agrisemantics Working Group of the Research Data Alliance (RDA), consisting of a set of recommendations to facilitate the adoption of semantic technologies and methods for the purpose of data interoperability in the field of agriculture and nutrition. From 2016 to 2019, the group gathered...
Reuse and combination of disparate datasets on the Semantic Web require semantic coordination, i.e. the ability to match heterogeneous semantic models. Systematic evaluations raised the performance of matching systems in terms of compliance and resource consumption. However, it is equally important to be able to identify diverse matching scenarios,...
The result of the EU is a complex, multilingual, multicultural and yet united environment, requiring solid integration policies and actions targeted at simplifying cross-language and cross-cultural knowledge access. The legal domain is a typical case in which both the linguistic and the conceptual aspects mutually interweave into a knowledge barrie...
The dynamic and distributed nature of the Semantic Web demands for methodologies and systems fostering collective participation to the evolution of datasets. In collaborative and iterative processes for dataset development, it is important to keep track of individual changes for provenance. Different scenarios may require mechanisms to foster conse...
The lexicon model for ontologies OntoLex/lemon has been released in May, 2016, following more than 2 years of work of the Ontology-Lexicon (OntoLex) W3C Community Group. Lemon provides rich linguistic grounding for ontologies, including the representation of morphological and syntactic properties of lexical entries as well as the syntax-semantics i...
The dynamic and distributed nature of the Semantic Web implies that datasets are often the result of collective participation rather than isolated works. Change management, provenance tracking and validation of changes performed by contributing agents are all requirements of systems for collaborative dataset development. Different scenarios may as...
Data production and exchange on the Web grows at a frenetic speed. Such uncontrolled and exponential growth pushes for new researches in the area of information extraction as it is of great interest and can be obtained by processing data gathered from several heterogeneous sources. While some extracted facts can be correct at the origin, it is not...
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th Metadata and Semantics Research Conference, MTSR 2016, held in Göttingen, Germany, in November 2016. The 26 full papers and 6 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 67 submissions. The papers are organized in several sessions and tracks: Digital Libraries, Informat...
In this paper, we introduce Sheet2RDF, a platform for the acquisition and transformation of spreadsheets into RDF datasets. Based on Apache UIMA and CODA, two wider-scoped frameworks respectively aimed at knowledge acquisition from unstructured information and RDF triplification, Sheet2RDF narrows down their capabilities in order to restrict the do...
We introduce VocBench, an open source web application for editing thesauri complying with the SKOS and SKOS-XL standards. VocBench has a strong focus on collaboration, supported by workflow management for content validation and publication. Dedicated user roles provide a clean separation of competences, addressing different specificities ranging fr...
The OntoLex W3C Community Group has been working for more than three years on a shared lexicon model for ontologies, called lemon. The lemon model consists of a core model that is complemented by a number of modules accounting for specific aspects in the modeling of lexical information within ontologies. In many usage scenarios, the discovery and e...
In this paper we propose a flexible approach that supports heterogeneous requirements on systems for the semantic annotation of web content. The flexibility of the approach originates from a model based on the definition of abstract events, which captures at the logical level the main interactions occurring in a system for combined management of on...
VocBench is an open source web application for editing of SKOS and SKOS-XL thesauri, with a strong focus on collaboration, supported by workflow management for content validation and publication. Dedicated user roles provide a clean separation of competences, addressing different specificities ranging from management aspects to vertical competences...
In this paper we briefly describe the ART Lab infrastructure for semantic Big Bata processing. Our most relevant contribution is the definition of an architecture supporting ontology development driven by knowledge acquired from heterogeneous resources, such as documents and web pages. The overall perspective is to propose a gluing architecture dri...
In recent years, innovative applications exploiting Linked Open Data (LOD) and the Semantic Web have opened up, combined and cross referenced high volumes of high-quality data and created tremendous new opportunities for data users as well as data providers. However, in order to serve the broadest community of users, technologies need to be develop...
In this paper, we illustrate the benefits deriving from the adoption of CODA (Computer-aided Ontology Development Architecture) for the semi-automatic acquisition of knowledge from unstructured information. Based on UIMA for the orchestration of analytics, CODA promotes the reuse of independently developed information extractors, while providing de...
This paper introduces CODA (Computer-aided Ontology Development Architecture), which is both an architecture and an associated framework supporting the transformation of unstructured and semi-structured content into RDF (Resource Description Framework) datasets. The purpose of CODA is to support the entire process that ranges from data extraction a...
Born in the early 1980's as a multilingual agricultural thesaurus, AGROVOC has steadily evolved over the last fifteen years, moving to an electronic version around the year 2000, and embracing the Semantic Web shortly thereafter. Today AGROVOC is a SKOS-XL concept scheme published as Linked Open Data, containing links (as well as backlinks) and ref...
AGRIS is among the most comprehensive online collections of agricultural and related sciences information. It is a growing global catalog of 4.3 million high-quality structured bibliographic records indexed from a worldwide group of providers. AGRIS relies heavily on the AGROVOC thesaurus for its indexing. Following the conversion of that thesaurus...
Studies on Semantic Annotation reveal how trying to match heterogeneous requirements leads to divergent methodologies, models and processes for annotation management and exchange. Community efforts towards the development of shared solutions are important to reduce the "entropy" of the field; nonetheless, any agreement on the ultimate annotation sy...
We are surrounded by ever growing volumes of unstructured and weakly-structured information, and for a human being, domain expert or not, it is nearly impossible to read, understand and categorize such information in a fair amount of time. Moreover, different user categories have different expectations: final users need easy-to-use tools and servic...
In this paper we describe a novel SKOS editor built on top of the web browser Mozilla Firefox. Our tool is targeted towards KOS developers and KOS consumers as well. Indeed, the ability to surf the Web with a standards compliant browser proves useful for both: the former may prove the soundness of a concept by associating it with a concrete set of...
Innovation is a crucial process for enterprizes and pushes for strict requirements towards semantic technologies. Large scale and timely search processes on the Web are here often involved in different business analytics tasks. In the European project INSEARCH, an advanced information retrieval system has been developed integrating robust semantic...
Born four years ago as a Semantic Web extension for the web browser Firefox, Semantic Turkey pushed forward the traditional concept of links&folders-based bookmarking to a new dimension, allowing users to keep track of relevant information from visited web sites and to organize the collected content according to standard or personally defined ontol...
Born four years ago as a Semantic Web extension for the web browser Firefox, Semantic Turkey pushed forward the traditional concept of links&folders-based bookmarking to a new dimension, allowing users to keep track of relevant information from visited web sites and to organize the collected content according to standard or personally defined ontol...
In this paper we present a language, PEARL, for projecting annotations based on the Unstructured Information Management Architecture (UIMA) over RDF triples. The language offer is twofold: first, a query mechanism, built upon (and extending) the basic FeaturePath notation of UIMA, allows for efficient access to the standard annotation format of UIM...
The Semantic Search research field aims to querying metadata and to identify relevant subgraphs. One of the main challenge of the Semantic Search research field is the creation and solving of the semantic queries. While in the traditional search engine the queries are a simple list of keywords linked by simple logical relations, the Semantic Search...
The Semantic Web seems finally close to maintaining its promise about a real world-wide graph of interconnected resources. The SPARQL query language and protocols and the Linked Open Data initiative have laid the way for endless data endpoints sparse around the globe. However, for the Semantic Web to really happen, it does not suffice to get billio...
The AGRIS repository is a bibliographic database covering almost forty years of agricultural research. Following the conversion of its indexing thesaurus AGROVOC into a concept-based vocabulary, the decision was made to express the entire AGRIS repository in RDF as Linked Open Data. As part of this exercise, a semantic mashup named OpenAGRIS was de...
In this chapter, the authors present Service Oriented Data Acquisition (SODA), a service-deployable open-source platform for retrieving and dynamically aggregating information extraction and knowledge acquisition software components. The motivation in creating such a system came from the observed gap between the large availability of Information An...
The exploitation of theoretical results in knowledge representation, language standardization by W3C and data publication initiatives such as Linked Open Data have given a level of concreteness to the field of ontology research. In light of these recent outcomes, ontology development has also found its way to the forefront, benefiting from years of...
The AGROVOC multilingual thesaurus maintained by the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations is now published as linked data. In order to reach this goal AGROVOC was expressed in Simple Knowledge Organisation System (SKOS) and its concepts provided with dereferenceable URIs. AGROVOC is now aligned with ten other multilingual K...
The Semantic Web is facing the important challenge to maintain its promise of a real world-wide graph of interconnected resources. Unfortunately, while URIs almost guarantee a direct reference to entities, the relation between the two is not bijective. Many different URI references to same concepts and entities can arise when-- in such a heterogene...
The multilingual aspects which characterize the (Semantic) Web and the constant demand for more understandable and easy-to-share
forms of knowledge representation, push for a more “linguistically aware” approach to ontology development and foresees an
environment where formal semantics could coexist with natural language, contributing to improve “s...
In this paper we present an approach to automatic generation of GUI for browsing of RDF data based on observation of existing forms and their adaptation to available RDF graphs. The objective of such an approach is the rapid prototyping of forms and their associated queries by exploiting the vast amount examples that is already available from the W...
In this paper we introduce CODA (Computer-aided Ontology Development Architecture), an Architecture and a Framework for semi-automatic development of ontologies through analysis of heterogeneous information sources. We have been motivated in its design by observing that several fields of research provided interesting contributions towards the objec...
In this paper we present the Semantic Turkey Ontology Learner (ST-OL), an incremental ontology learning system, that follows
two main ideas: (1) putting final users in the learning loop; (2) using a probabilistic ontology learning model that exploits
transitive relations for inducing better extraction models.
The process of ontology development involves a range of skills and know-how often requiring team work of different people,
each of them with his own way of contributing to the definition and formalization of the domain representation. For this reason,
collaborative development is an important feature for ontology editing tools, and should take into...
Ontologies provide formal models for representing domain knowledge, which reveal to be useful in several contexts where efficient organization of available data and an shared understanding of its content reveals to be crucial. The Semantic Web offers the most appropriate scenario for exploiting ontologies' potentialities, due to the large amount of...
This paper reports the experience of the development and the evaluation of a set of pre-competitive tools to support legal profes-sionals in exploring a complex corpus of norms and documents in the legal domain. The research addresses two complementary goals: using ICT to support the simplification of the corpus of norms and using ICT to facilitate...
In this work we present STIA: a tool for semantic annotation in the Jurisprudence domain. The tool offers an easy interface to domain experts (lawyers, administrative, researchers,…) for annotating relationships of pertinence between portions of text from different laws covering similar topics/circumstances/events. These annotations both constitute...
This paper describes the experience of introducing a service for semantic bookmarking and search in the Earth Observation
(EO) domain. To perform the work reported such a service has been integrated and customized in the framework of the DILIGENT
project which concluded in 2007. The service proposed is a web browser ontology based extension: at the...
A few years have passed from the first alarming yells about the unmanageable growth of data which is literally exploding from the Web. While Web2.0 technologies, born and grown from the crowd of the web community, are reaching their full maturity, and with W3C eventually managing to give concreteness to Berners-Lee Semantic Web Vision through a ple...
In this work we describe Semantic Turkey, a Semantic Extension for the popular web browser Mozilla Firefox. Semantic Turkey can be used to keep track of relevant information from visited web sites and organize collected content according to a personally defined ontology. In this sense, Semantic Turkey can be seen both as an advanced semantic bookma...
While the Web is facing interesting new changes in the way users access, interact and even participate to its growth, the most traditional applications dedicated to its fruition: web browsers, are not responding with the same euphoric boost for innovation, mostly relying on third party or open-source community-driven extensions for addressing the n...
Building a Linguistic Resource (LR) is a task requiring a huge quantitative of means, human resources and funds. Though finalization of the development phase and assessment of the produced resource, necessarily require human involvement, a computer aided process for building the resource's initial structure would greatly reduce the overall effort t...
The paper presents a comparative study of semantic and lexical relations defined and adopted in WordNet and EuroWordNet. This document describes the experimental observations achieved through the analysis of data from different WordNet versions and EuroWordNet distributions for different languages, during the development of JMWNL (Java Multilingual...
In this paper, we present a framework for representing heterogeneous linguistic resources and for integrating their content with Semantic Web ontologies. This work, which extends and improves previous research conducted by these same authors, articulates into two main results: first, a set of coordinated RDF vocabularies providing descriptors for r...
From its first introduction in this same conference, the original prototype of the Semantic Bookmarking tool Semantic Turkey has undergone a deep and extensive revision process, breaking the boundaries of its original intents and going more and more towards an extensible platform for Knowledge Management and Acquisition based on Semantic Web techno...
We present two algorithms for supporting semi-automatic ontology building, integrated in WPro, a new architecturefor ontology learning from Web documents. The first algorithm automatically extracts ontological entities
from tables, by using specific heuristics and WordNet-based analysis. The second algorithm harvests semantic relations from
unstruc...
In open scenarios, agents willing to cooperate must impact the communication barrier between them and their unknown partners. If agents are not relying on any agreement about the meaning they ascribe to the symbols used in the conversation, semantic misalignments will arise on the discourse domain as well, thus making the communication impossible....
Software development nowadays largely consists of adapting existing functionalities or components to perform in a new environment, and is biased towards delivering component-oriented architectures. Finding, choosing, provisioning and integrating the right libraries or components is still an ad-hoc and error prone task. This paper describes the SSP...
