
Aristide GiulianoENEA | ENEA · tecnologie energetiche
Aristide Giuliano
Doctor of Engineering
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55
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Publications (55)
To achieve sustainable development, the transition from a fossil-based economy to a circular economy is essential. The use of renewable energy sources to make the overall carbon foot print more favorable is an important pre-requisite. In this context, it is crucial to valorize all renewable resources through an optimized local integration. One oppo...
The agro-food industry generates important quantities of by-products, often considered waste, which represent for the companies huge costs of handling and disposal. On the other hand, they contain copious amounts and varieties of compounds that, appropriately extracted, purified, and processed, can be valued in several industrial sectors. Their exp...
A reliable assessment of the availability of bioresources represents the first step to defining local value chains of particular interest. More than 190 and 50 Mt/y of bioresources are currently available in Europe and Italy, respectively, even if they are not fully valorized. The best end use of these feedstocks is strictly dependent on specific t...
This work analyzed different feedstocks, namely lignocellulosic biomass and raw glycerol, as suitable carbon sources to produce single cell oils. Different lignocellulosic hydrolysates were produced by ENEA through steam pre-treatment at optimized conditions followed by enzymatic hydrolysis at high dry matter consistency. Cardoon residues, giant re...
Only through renewable carbon source valorization will it be possible to obtain a high-impact transition from a fossil-based system to a renewable-based system [...]
Microbial lipids are renewable platforms for several applications including biofuels, green chemicals, and nutraceuticals that can be produced from several residual carbon sources. Lignocellulosic biomasses are abundant raw materials for the production of second-generation sugars with conversion yields depending on the quality of the hydrolysates a...
Global primary energy consumption has been steadily increasing since the Industrial Revolution, and it is showing no sign of slowing down in the coming years [...]
Mappatura dinamica e metodo di tracciamento degli inquinanti
atmosferici
Lignin, the most abundant aromatic biopolymer on Earth, is often considered a biorefinery by-product, despite its potential to be valorized into high-added-value chemicals and fuels. In this work, an integrated superstructure-based optimization model was set up and optimized using mixed-integer non-linear programming for the conversion of technical...
Technical lignin, processes and market development
Lignocellulosic biomass can be converted to biofuels and biochemicals through several process pathways:
pretreatment and sugars fermentation, thermochemical conversion (pyrolysis, gasification) and syngas
synthesis. A promising syngas valorization process consists of the syngas fermentation, able to maximize the
biomass fraction used for the fermen...
The conversion of waste and residues towards high added value products has receiving a growing attention, as a reliable strategy to improve sustainability of emergent processes. Anaerobic digestion converts organic waste into biogas and digestate. While biogas may be used for energetic purpose, digestate has limited uses and with a low profitabilit...
New technologies for air quality measurement, including real-time on-road air quality monitoring systems (ROMs), have improved the spatial resolution of data. However, measured data can miss due to restricted traffic zones. Different algorithms can estimate the missing data in these points, using available measured data in the neighbourhood. In thi...
The production of dimethyl ether from renewables or waste is a promising strategy to push towards a sustainable energy transition of alternative eco-friendly diesel fuel. In this work, we simulate the synthesis of dimethyl ether from a syngas (a mixture of CO, CO2 and H2) produced from gasification of digestate. In particular, a thermodynamic analy...
Biorefineries are novel, productive models that are aimed at producing biobased alternatives to many fossil-based products. Biomass supply and overall energy consumptions are important issues determining the overall biorefinery sustainability. Low-profit lands appear to be a potential option for the sustainable production of raw materials without c...
The need to protect sensitive data is growing, and environmental data are now considered sensitive. The application of last-generation procedures such as blockchains coupled with the implementation of new air quality monitoring technology allows the data protection and validation. In this work, the use of a blockchain applied to air pollution data...
A deterministic approach was used in this work to assess the PM2.5 pollutant dispersion in the air during a fire event. The pollution data were recorded with high time resolution by a monitoring station located 4 km SouthWest from the fire. The pollutant emission due to the fire was described as an equivalent stack having the height of the observed...
The biomass-to-methanol process may play an important role in introducing renewables in the industry chain for chemical and fuel production. Gasification is a thermochemical process to produce syngas from biomass, but additional steps are requested to obtain a syngas composition suitable for methanol synthesis. The aim of this work is to perform a...
A supply chain network MILP model, developed by means of AIMMS software, and a process plant simulation model, developed by means of Aspen Plus®, are combined for the optimization of a biorefinery network. Optimization of the supply chain network is initially addressed using literature process and economic data. The results are used as input in the...
This paper explores a possible waste-based economy transition strategy. Digestate from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is considered, as well as a low-added value product to be properly valorized. In this regard, air gasification may be used to produce syngas. In this work, the production of methanol, hydrogen, or electricity...
Today, it is increasingly recognized that air pollution hurts human health. Consequently, efficient mitigation strategies need to be implemented for substantial environmental and health co-benefits. A valid approach to reducing the air pollution effects on the environment and human health is proposed. Specific guidelines have been elucidated by dif...
Mitigation strategies towards progressive decarbonization of the energy system are a valid approach to slow environmental pollution yielding social benefits, as established from National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP). The first objective is the increase of energy efficiency within 2030 by promoting the use of renewable energy and the electrificati...
Environmental pollution in urban areas may be mainly attributed to the rapid industrialization and increased growth of vehicular traffic. As a consequence of air quality deterioration, the health and welfare of human beings are compromised. Air quality monitoring networks usually are used not only to assess the pollutant trend but also in the effec...
In this work an Operational Street Pollution Model was used to define the minimum number and the expected position of the stations for an air quality network with three monitoring stations to be installed in Battipaglia (Italy). The features of the urban background, the type of daily traffic, all the meteorological parameters typical of the investi...
In this paper an on-road network of monitoring stations for the air quality is organized in order to provide data with high spatial resolution in a wide urban area. On this purpose a dedicated experimental setup was developed in order to be installed on board of DHL courier vans. The monitoring station is completely automated and transmit continuou...
Second-generation bioethanol represents an interesting alternative to liquid fuels in times of increased concerns over global warming and energy security. However, the recalcitrant structure of lignocellulosic biomass feedstock makes necessary a pretreatment process to increase the conversion of sugars. Diluted acid, liquid hot water, steam explosi...
A method and corresponding apparatus for monitoring air quality while allowing the real tracking of both gaseous and powder pollutants and thè identifìcation of thè sources of pollution, includes thè use of a network of monitoring stations mutually arranged at a maximum distance between one and three kilometers in a straight line, wherein each stat...
Nowadays the greatest contribution to atmospheric pollution is due to carbonic dioxide (CO2) emissions resulting from industrial activities. Among the various technologies for the production of energies from renewable sources, the biomass combustion is the technology that better replaces the fossil fuels. Unfortunately, one of the limits to the spr...
In urban cities it is common to find a series of substances in atmosphere responsible to cause damages to human health. These substances are constantly produced by human activities and they focus mainly on urban and/or metropolitan areas. Low-cost sensors have a great potential to revolutionize the way to monitor the exposure of the population to t...
The CO2 capture in Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) plants causes a significant increase of the cost of electricity (COE) and thus determines high CO2 mitigation cost (cost per ton of avoided CO2 emissions). In this work the economic sustainability of the co-production of pure hydrogen in addition to the electricity production was asse...
In urban agglomerations it is common increasingly to find a series of substances in atmosphere capable of causing damages to human health. They are constantly produced by human activities and they focus mainly on urban areas.
Low-cost sensors offer the ability to collect temporal and spatial data and they have a great potential to revolutionize th...
The increase in the anthropic burden in urban areas, including many activities which produce emissions in the air, such as vehicular traffic, domestic heating and industrial activities make it necessary to keep the concentration of some pollutants under control. Accurate measurements of the concentrations of these pollutants are important not only...
With regard to pollution produced in urban areas, low-cost sensors offer the possibility to collect temporal and spatial data and they have a great potential to change the way to monitor the exposure of the population to the atmospheric pollution. However, one of the challenges associated with data coming from this kind of sensors is to try to make...
The economic sustainability of lignocellulosic biorefineries can be significantly improved by co-producing added value chemicals together with common biofuels like ethanol. In this work a techno-economic analysis of a multiproduct biorefinery was carried out by means of process simulations, cost and profitability analysis. Alternative process flows...
Process flowsheet optimization of a lignocellulosic biorefinery co-producing levulinic acid, succinic acid and ethanol was performed to maximize an economic objective function (either the Net Present Value, NPV, or the Internal Rate of Return, IRR, alternatively) by means of mathematical programming methods. Most promising alternative industrial pr...
Biorefineries are integrated process plants producing several chemical products to better exploit all the components of a biomass feedstock. One of the main limitations hindering the development of biorefineries is the uncertainty of a continuous supply of the biomass feedstock during the year and during the whole plant lifetime. As a result, the e...
The techno-economic analysis of an IGCC plant for power and hydrogen production with CO2 capture by means of Pd-based H2 membranes was carried out. The case studies were referred to the modifications of the existing 330MWe Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) plant of ELCOGAS based on entrained flow gasification of a dry mixture of coal an...
Several alternative process pathways including biochemical and thermochemical conversions are available for the second generation biorefineries. In this view conceptual design of a superstructure and optimization methods for process synthesis are widely used in order to find the optimal process flowsheet (Stefanakis et al., 2014). In the present wo...
A methodology to reduce the complexity of the process optimization was applied to a multiproduct biorefinery fed by lignocellulosic biomass. A process superstructure was built to consider alternative process pathways to levulinic acid, succinic acid and ethanol. A Mixed Integer Non-Linear Problem was obtained and transformed in a Mixed Integer Line...
A process simulation model of the Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) plant of Elcogas was developed and validated with industrial data. The model was used to assess the technical and economic feasibility of the process co-fired with up to 20% by weight of two local biomasses (olive husk and grape seed meal). Results indicate promising fe...
tIntegrated Gasification Combined Cycle plants (IGCC) are efficient power generation systems with low pollutantsemissions. Moreover, the entrained flow gasifier of IGCC plants allows the combined use of other lower cost fuels(biomass and waste) together with coal. Co-firing with biomass is beneficial for the reduction of CO2emissions offossil sourc...
This paper reports the results of process simulations of an integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) of about 330 MW of electric power in which the traditional coal and pet-coke feed is partially replaced by lignocellulosic biomass (dried powder residue olive and grape seed). The effect of the concentration of biomass on the composition of the...
Questo articolo riporta i risultati delle simulazioni di processo di un impianto di gassificazione integrato a ciclo combinato (IGCC) di circa 330 MWe, in cui la miscela di combustibile, carbone-petcoke è parzialmente sostituita da biomassa (polverino essiccato sansa d’oliva e di semi d'uva). L'effetto della biomassa è stato valutato sia sulla comp...