Arezina Kasti

• RDN MSc PhD candidate
• Head of Department at Attikon University General Hospital

Background: Approximately 20% of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) link symptoms to food intake; a low-FODMAP diet is effective in managing these symptoms. Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Mediterranean version of the low-FODMAP Diet (MED–LFD) compared to NICE guidelines for IBS and to assess changes in stool volatile compound...

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis involves multiple factors, including visceral hypersensitivity and immune activation. NLRP3 inflammasome is part of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) family, a crucial component of the innate immune system. Preclinica...

Introduction: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms can be effectively managed with the low FODMAP diet. However, its efficacy in reducing inflammation is not yet proven. On the contrary, the Mediterranean diet has anti-inflammatory properties with proven efficacy in treating chronic low-grade inflammation-related diseases. Aim: To publicly share...

The FODMAP diet has been a treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) for many years. Rigorous scientific evaluation and clinical application of the FODMAP diet have generated deep understanding regarding clinical efficacy, mechanisms of action, and potential adverse effects of this dietary approach. In turn, this knowledge has allowed fine‐tuning...

Background The Irritable Bowel Syndrome Severity Scoring System (IBS-SSS) is a self-administered questionnaire that categorizes patients according to symptom severity. We aimed to translate and adapt the English IBS-SSS, validate the Greek version, and detect factors predictive of IBS severity.

Nutrition therapy aims to prevent weight loss and its health consequences in patients with cancer. The aim of this study was to assess Greek patients' adherence to the ESPEN guidelines for oncology patients and its prospective effect on their body weight (BW) and nutritional status. In total, 152 patients with cancer were recruited from the Attikon...

The literature about the association of branched short-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is limited. BCFAs, the bacterial products of the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids, are proposed as markers for colonic protein fermentation. IBS is a gastrointestinal disorder characterized by low-grade inflammation and intest...

Cancer patients are at risk of malnutrition, which influences their functional status, mental health (MH), and quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to examine the associations between nutritional status, functional capacity, and aspects of QoL in cancer patients, as well as the potential mediating role of depression and anxiety in these associat...

Citation: Zavras, N.; Vaou, N.; Zouganeli, S.; Kasti, A.; Dimitrios, P.; Vaos, G. The Impact of Obesity on Perioperative Outcomes for Children Undergoing Appendectomy for Acute Appendicitis: A Systematic Review. Abstract: Today, the prevalence of obesity in the pediatric population has increased dramatically. Acute appendicitis (AA) is the most com...

Purpose Malnutrition constitutes an important complication of cancer. Nutritional status is associated with the progression of malignant neoplasms. This study aimed to assess the nutritional status of patients with cancer using objective and subjective assessment methods. Materials and methods The following validated questionnaires were used to as...

Background and aim: Feeding interruptions in critical care patients are often unjustified. We aimed to determine the causes, duration, and frequency of enteral nutrition interruptions (ENIs) and to assess macronutrients and antioxidant deficits according to European Society of Parenteral Enteral Nutrition (ESPEN) guidelines. Methods: We prospect...

The ecosystem of the human gastrointestinal tract, named gut microbiota, represents the most thoroughly mapped ecosystem. Perturbations on bacterial populations cause dysbiosis, a condition correlated to a wide range of autoimmune, neurological, metabolic, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases. The lungs have their flora, which are directly rela...

Esophageal Cancer (EC) has the sixth-worst prognosis because of its aggressiveness and poor survival. Patients with EC are malnourished due to anorexia, dysphagia, pain, and hypercatabolic state, which results in cancer cachexia and high mortality rates. Oral feeding usually remains inadequate to cover nutritional needs, while Enteral Nutrition (EN...

b>Objective: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterised by islet autoimmunity and beta cell destruction. A gut microbiota–immunological interplay is involved in the pathophysiology of T1D. We studied microbiota-mediated effects on disease progression in patients with type 1 diabetes using faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Design: Patients with r...

Stevia, a zero-calorie sugar substitute, is recognized as safe by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). In vitro and in vivo studies showed that stevia has antiglycemic action and antioxidant effects in adipose tissue and the vascular wall, reduces blood pressure levels and hepatic steatosis, stabiliz...

Among other factors, food intolerance is cardinal in triggering irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms in a significant percentage of patients. As a result, specific dietary patterns are the first-line therapeutic approach. The low-FODMAP diet (LFD) is gaining ground as the most well-documented diet intervention that significantly reduces IBS symp...

Inflammasomes are cytoplasmic multiprotein complexes formed by the host’s immune system as a response to microbial infection and cellular damage. Many studies have revealed various regulators of NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, while it has been recently shown that NLRP3 is implicated in COVID-19 pa...

Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy (MNGIE) is a rare, inherited, multisystemic autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the nuclear TYMP gene. This syndrome is characterized by ptosis, external ophthalmoplegia, gastrointestinal dysmotility, cachexia, peripheral neuropathy, and leukoencephalopathy. Our case illustrates a p...

Introduction: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is the most common inborn error of amino acid metabolism and causes neurological manifestations because of excessive accumulation of phenylalanine (PHE). It can also affect adult patients who discontinue their treatment, even if they had been under adequate metabolic control during childhood. For that reason, it...

Introduction: Critical care patients are prone to frequent feeding interruptions for various reasons including feeding intolerance. These interruptions can lead to adverse outcomes. The aim of the study was to determine the reasons for and the duration of interruptions of enteral nutrition (EN). Methods: Single-center observational, cross-sectio...

Introduction: ΑGI is a malfunctioning of the GI tract in ICU patients associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation, enteral feeding failure and high mortality risk. The WGAP of ESICM proposed a grading system for AGI. Four grades of severity were identified: AGI grade I, a self-limiting condition; AGI grade II (GI dysfunction), interventions a...

The aim of this case report is to highlight the contribution of nutritional support to a LADA patient presenting with poor glycaemic control and unintentional weight loss.

Introduction: There is evidence that the level of nutrition is a major determinant for the outcome of hospitalized patients. The Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) is a five-step screening tool using the Body Mass Index (BMI), unintentional weight loss before admission and the effect of acute disease on subject’s nutritional status to ide...