Araceli Vera

• National Polytechnic Institute

Organic fertilizers can be an alternative to reduce the use of conventional fertilization. Theobjective was to evaluate the effect of different doses of organic fertilizers onmorphological and yield indicators in tomato. The experiment was established under acompletely randomized design, with a bifactorial arrangement, where factor A was twogenotyp...

Knowledge about the therapeutic properties and efficacy conferred by several plants to indigenous communities is based on observations, traditional knowledge, and forms of use or application within local, cultural, and territorial contexts. However, to some extent, favorable responses to these plants depend on the form in which a plant is used and...

In Mexico, the tradition of consuming flowers dates to pre-Columbian times, and flower consumption persists today; however, this practice is typically unknown outside the regions where flowers are used in local gastronomy. The aim of this work was to evaluate the variation in polyphenol and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity in inflorescen...

Medicinal plants grown in natural settings are exposed to different adverse environmental conditions that determine their growth and development as well as the composition and concentration of secondary metabolites in their organs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of environmental conditions associated with localities and ann...

Las variedades mejoradas homogéneas presentan escasa diversidad genética; en cambio, las variedades tradicionales poseen alta heterogeneidad en caracteres agronómicos, composición de fruto y se utilizan en mejoramiento genético. El objetivo fue evaluar la variación y divergencia fenotípica de tres grupos de acervos genéticos con diferente magnitud...

Farmers' varieties or landraces of chili are regularly heterogeneous, selected and preserved by small traditional farmers and highly demanded by regional consumers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the variation in the content of phenolic compounds, vitamin C, carotenoids, capsaicinoids and antioxidant activity in fruits of a population...

The genus Salvia has a worldwide distribution, and its contribution to traditional medicine and as an aromatic plant has been recognized since ancient times, with few documented species having a similar phytochemical composition. In this study, the effects of natural growth conditions (in situ) and ex situ cultivation and sampling locations on the...

El tomate o jitomate mexica-no fue cultivado desde la época precolombina y se comercializaba en el mercado de Tenochtitlán, y la forma silvestre posiblemente migró desde Sudamérica. No obstante, las formas silvestres y cultivadas siguen evolucionando a lo largo de Oaxaca. La geografía oaxaqueña se a-grupa en ocho regiones don-de se recrea la divers...

The objective was to evaluate the effect of crop location, fertilization, species and genotypes on the content of flavonoids and total polyphenols and on antioxidant activity in the leaves and sprouts of amaranth. Sowing and cultivation were carried out in Huaquechula, Puebla, and Tepetitla, Tlaxcala, Mexico under a factorial arrangement of 16 geno...

Secondary metabolites, in addition to playing an essential role in the adaptation of plants to the environment and phytochemical responses in recovery processes to stress conditions, are the base material of the healing effect of medicinal plants. In this study, the effect of growth conditions and localities of origin of Ageratina petiolaris on phe...

Background: Phaseolus vulgaris L. is widely studied for its bioactive compounds and nutritional properties while minimal attention has been given to P. lunatus L. or P. coccineus L. Here, a comparison of the phenolic compounds, minerals and antioxidant activity between landraces of P. lunatus and P. coccineus was made based on samples from populati...

The Mesoamerican region is center of origin, domestication, and diversification of maize. In this ecogeographic context, the objective was to evaluate the variation in the phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity and concentration of minerals in the grain of a population collection of yellow maize landraces from southeastern Mexico. During 2016, sa...

The green bean is an important crop worldwide, because it is rich in protein, dietary fiber, vitamins, and minerals, as well as bioactive compounds that provide it with important functional properties; however, the composition of many landraces is still unknown. The purpose of this project was to characterize Phaselus vulgaris and coccineus L. land...

Native bean populations (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) provide bioactive and nutrient compounds; however, their amino acid profiles are unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the protein content and amino acid profile of 46 native bean populations cultivated by small farmers in Oaxaca, Mexico, and compare them with that of commercial bea...

Mexico is the center of origin, domestication, and diversification of four cultivated species of cucurbits: Cucurbita pepo L., C. ficifolia Bouché, C. moschata (Duch. ex Lam.) Duch. Ex Poir. and C. argyrosperma Huber. These cucurbits exhibit high intraspecific diversity and are part of the food culture of more than 60 indigenous groups settled in M...

A review of indigenous Mexican plants with edible stems and leaves and their nutritional and nutraceutical potential was conducted, complemented by the authors’ experiences. In Mexico, more than 250 species with edible stems, leaves, vines and flowers, known as “quelites,” are collected or are cultivated and consumed. The assessment of the quelite...

Grapefruit fruit (Citrus paradisi Macfad) are sensitive to postharvest temperature variations. In red grapefruit cultivars, peel color is a characteristic and important quality parameter that may undergo changes during storage due to alterations in the content of pigments. So far, it is not clear if the postharvest peel color variations in grapefru...

Phaseolus vulgaris L. is one of the most consumed and documented legumes in regard to its grain composition, but little is known about P. coccineus L. To evaluate and compare the phenolic compound content and antioxidant activity between landraces of P. coccineus and P. vulgaris, a total of 14 accessions of P. coccineus and P. vulgaris were collect...

The use of medicinal plants for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and ethnodiseases such as diarrhea, stomachache, dysentery, "empacho" (blockage), and bile is a common strategy among indigenous communities. It is estimated that approximately 34% of medicinal plants are used to treat diseases of the digestive tract. In Mexico, gastrointes...

Cold storage is one of the main postharvest technologies for fruit preservation, however, cold-sensitive citrus fruits develop peel physiological alterations affecting external quality known as chilling injury (CI). An efficient antioxidant system has been associated to an enhanced cold stress tolerance in citrus fruits. The application of pectic o...

In southeast Mexico, archaeobotanical and genetic evidence has been found regarding the origin, domestication and diversification of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The evidence found in the caves of Guila Naquitz, Oaxaca, Mexico, of phaseolin and seed dates back to between 6220 and 6460 B.C., and, since then, the common bean has remained...

The Mesoamerican region is a center of domestication and high genetic diversity of Phaseolus vulgaris L., which continues to evolve on-farm as part of multi-cropping systems (milpa) and is commonly associated with maize. The genetic resources of the common bean provide knowledge of its agronomic potential. However, there is also a need to document...

El ejote de frijol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) es un fruto importante en la dieta diaria de los mexicanos que se consume en diferentes estados de desarrollo (ED), dependiendo de la zona y la forma de consumo. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los índices de cosecha de ejote morado con base en sus características físicas (largo, ancho, gr...

The agromorphological traits and phenotypic variation of mineral content in the fruit were evaluated in eleven tomato accessions from nine communities in El Salvador. The tomato collection was cultivated in a greenhouse with a randomized complete block design with three replications. Plant phenological and fruit traits, as well as the mineral conte...

Mezcal is a traditional Mexican spirit produced by distilling fermented Agave. The effects of Agave species, origin, and season on the volatile compound profile were studied in mezcal from Oaxaca, Mexico. Liquid-liquid extraction was used to isolate volatile compounds from mezcals made from Agave angustifolia Haw. and Agave potatorum Zucc. These co...

There is insufficient evidence to identify the precise health effects of chili pepper consumption. However, there is evidence of their topical use as an analgesic to decrease pain from rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, neuralgias, neuropathic diabetes, neuronal dys-functions and inflammation, among others. In this work, the diversity and variet...

Orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] and grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macfad) citrus fruits are prone to develop different peel physiological disorders caused by storage at both chilling and nonchilling temperatures. The effect of galacturonic acid oligosaccharides (GAOs) and pectic oligosaccharides (POs) in reducing postharvest nonchilling peel pit...

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a basic staple product for the Mexican diet and gastronomy. It supplies proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, fiber and secondary metabolites, as well as a wide range of mineral macro and microelements, such as Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn). Deficiencies of either element are associated to poor nutrition and health pro...

Antecedentes: La malnutrición es un problema tanto en países desarrollados como en desarrollo, y en Latinoamérica, una opción viable es reconsiderar las dietas precolombinas tradicionales basadas en las especies endémicas. En Mesoamérica el chile o chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) desempeñó una función esencial, y perdura en la gastronomía mexicana. Obj...

The aim of this work is to assess and describe a collection of Mexican populations of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) based on their contents of monomeric anthocyanins, polyphenols, and flavonoids; antioxidant activity; and grain physical characteristics. A collection of 26 bean populations was assembled at five states and regions in Mexico. Th...

Background: Malnutrition is a major health problem in developed and developing countries, and in Latino American, a viable option is reconsider the pre-Columbian and traditional diets based on endemic species. In Mesoamerica, the chilli or pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) played an important role, and its contribution remain until today in the Mexican g...

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a basic staple product for the Mexican diet and gastronomy. It supplies proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, fiber and secondary metabolites, as well as a wide range of mineral macro and microelements, such as Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn). Deficiencies of either element are associated to poor nutrition and health pro...

Farmers’ role is important for the selection and conservation of the local diversity of native peppers (Capsicum annuum L.), which are distinguished by pod shape, plant traits, and show high levels of biogeographic and cultural heterogeneity. Our objective was to evaluate the phenotypic variation and postharvest changes of fruits in six morphotypes...

Native populations of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) are highly heterogeneous and divergent, and some of them may be used as parents to formulate breeding strategies, that explore and exploit maximum heterosis from their genetic divergences. In this work, inter-population heterosis on agro-morphological traits and capsaicinoids was evaluated on interp...

Native populations of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) are highly heterogeneous and divergent, and some of them may be used as parents to formulate breeding strategies, that explore and exploit maximum heterosis from their genetic divergences. In this work, inter-population heterosis on agro-morphological traits and capsaicinoids was evaluated on interp...

Se evaluó la variación fenotípica agromorfológica y cambios biofísicos de frutos después de 10 días de almacenamiento a temperatura ambiente, en una colección de tomate de Oaxaca, México. La colección de 57 colectas fue sembrada y caracterizada bajo invernadero. En poscosecha se evaluó pH, grados Brix, pérdida de peso y parámetros de color (L*, a*,...

Farmers’ role is important for the selection and conservation of the local diversity of native peppers (Capsicum annuum L.), which are distinguished by pod shape, plant traits, and show high levels of biogeographic and cultural heterogeneity. Our objective was to evaluate the phenotypic variation and postharvest changes of fruits in six morphotypes...

Agromorphological phenotypic variation and postharvest biophysical changes in fruits after 10 days of storage at room temperature were evaluated in a collection of tomatoes from Oaxaca, Mexico. The collection of 57 accessions were planted and characterized under greenhouse. During postharvest the pH, degrees Brix (°Brix), weight loss and color para...

In order to evaluate the agronomic behavior, genotypic variation, lycopene content, and other components of fruit quality, eight advanced tomato lines were planted in greenhouses during two crop cycles, August-December 2008 and February-July 2009. Tomato lines showed significant differences in leaf length (LL), stem diameter (SD), number of flowers...

The differences among the several varieties of mezcal produced in Mexico, besides the Agave species, consist essentially in the individuality of the traditional methods used in the elaboration or fermentation process. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the artisanal fermentation processes and to make clear the factors and management practices...

The differences among the several varieties of mezcal produced in Mexico, besides the Agave species, consist essentially in the individuality of the traditional methods used in the elaboration or fermentation process. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the artisanal fermentation processes and to make clear the factors and management practices...

Consumption preferences are cognitive – affective based on stimu-lus perception, and they are transformed into needs within their so-ciocultural and territorial context. In order to evaluate the consump-tion preferences of regional peppers in 18 towns in the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, 1287 people over 15 years old were surveyed. The results showed...

The landrace diversity of maize (Zea mays L.) in the Mixteca Oaxa-queña region in México is a response to natural and human selection pressures. In order to evaluate the protein, lysine and tryptophan con-tent in the native Mixteca maizes, a collection of 70 population sam-ples at 51 farmer communities belonging to 13 municipalities of the Tlaxiaco...

The landrace diversity of maize (Zea mays L.) in the Mixteca Oaxaqueña region in México is a response to natural and human selection pressures. In order to evaluate the protein, lysine and tryptophan content in the native Mixteca maizes, a collection of 70 population samples at 51 farmer communities belonging to 13 municipalities of the Tlaxiaco, O...

Consumption preferences are cognitive - affective based on stimulus perception, and they are transformed into needs within their sociocultural and territorial context. In order to evaluate the consumption preferences of regional peppers in 18 towns in the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, 1287 people over 15 years old were surveyed. The results showed tha...

In order to evaluate the agronomic behavior, genotypic variation, lycopene content, and other components of fruit quality, eight advanced tomato lines were planted in greenhouses during two crop cycles, August-December 2008 and February-July 2009. Tomato lines showed significant differences in leaf length (LL), stem diameter (SD), number of flowers...

The inter-population hybridization among native materials of tomato is a strategy to broad the genetic variability in the breeding programs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the heterosis of 34 hybrids of tomato on base to mid-parent for eight agronomic traits. The hybrids and their parents (11) were cultivated in greenhouse, during spring-sum...

The genotype, cultivation conditions and postharvest managing are determinant factors of final composition of tomato fruits. In this study, the fruit quality of 13 populations of kidney-type tomato was evaluated. The accessions were cultivated in greenhouse under a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The analysis of variance...

Reports of the last decade show that some types of food and spices included in the human diet, such as pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) can have a positive effect on human health. The Mexican pepper germplasm is poorly documented with regard to variety and the amount of phytochemical compounds that it contains. In the present study, the variation of phy...

Reports of the last decade show that some types of food and spices included in the human diet, such as pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) can have a positive effect on human health. The Mexican pepper germplasm is poorly documented with regard to variety and the amount of phytochemical compounds that it contains. In the present study, the variation of phy...

Mexico is a center of domestication and diversification of tomatoes, with various landrace cultivated populations and wild varieties, but the documentation is poor in terms of their physical, chemical and nutritional characteristics. Thirteen accessions were collected and then sown and transplanted in greenhouse conditions under a randomized comple...

In order to evaluate the morphological variability and physicochemical characteristics of plants and fruits of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), a collection of 102 population samples was made and characterized morphologically under greenhouse conditions, and when fruits were at harvest stage, the physicochemical characteristics of 42 accessi...

Major and minor compounds in a traditional Mexican spirit, young mezcal from Agave angustifolia Haw and Agave potatorum Zucc., were characterised using gas chromatography and solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A large variability in both mezcal samples was detected in the content of methanol, higher alcohols, acetic a...

México has diverse gene pools of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) that have resulted from extended domestication and diversification processes, but are poorly documented in terms of fruit quality. To evaluate the physical, chemical and nutritional quality of wild tomato fruits (L. esculentum var. cerasiforme Dunal), 17 fruit samples were coll...

México has diverse gene pools of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) that have resulted from extended domestication and diversification processes, but are poorly documented in terms of fruit quality. To evaluate the physical, chemical and nutritional quality of wild tomato fruits (L. esculentum var. cerasiforme Dunal), 17 fruit samples were coll...

Major and minor compounds in a traditional Mexican spirit, young mezcal from Agave angustifolia Haw. and Agave potatorum Zucc., were characterised using gas chromatography and solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A large variability in both mezcal samples was detected in the content of methanol, higher alcohols, acetic...

The effect of six botanical extracts on base to Azadirachta indica A. (Juss), Ricinus comunis L., Chenopodium ambrosioides L., Argemone mexicana L., Tagetes erecta L., and Melia azedarach L., in doses of 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20%, on mortality of two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) were evaluated, under laboratory in a bifactorial experim...

En este trabajo se evaluaron los principales compuestos volátiles aromáticos mayoritarios generados durante el cocimiento, la fermentación de mostos y su permanencia en el producto final (mezcal) de las especies Agave angustifolia Haw. y A. potatorum Zucc. destilados con el sistema tradicional del Estado de Oaxaca, México. La identificación y cuant...

In this study the aromatic volatile compounds in cooked pines, wort, and mezcal from Agave angustifolia Haw. and A. potatorum Zucc., processed with the traditional artisan production system of Oaxaca, México were evaluated. These compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography using capilar column and pure standards. Major volatiles such methanol, et...