Arab Naz

University of Malakand · Department of Sociology

Migration is global phenomenon. People migrate from one place to other for various reasons such as war, or climate change or similarly for better job opportunities. Many Pakistani Labour people works in the Arab states of Persian Gulf, leaving their families behind. We consider the consequences for their children education, such as absenteeism, lac...

In the past few decades, educational practices have changed drastically, particularly regarding how information and learning are delivered and processed. Education research frequently employs quantitative methods. Quantitative education research provides numerical data that can prove or disprove a theory, and administrators can easily share the...

The current study is to analyze the causes of militancy, terrorism, and radicalization where multifarious factors are contributing towards spreading such behavior. However, the study is delimited to focus on the economic factors, including poverty, unemployment and other such factors that lead towards militancy, terrorism, and radical behavior in s...

Poverty, a multifaceted concept has been defined as: hunger; lack of shelter; being sick and not being able to see a doctor; having no access to a job; lack of freedom: fear for the future. Historically, people have migrated from one place to another to increase their livelihood and improve the living standards of their left behind families, while...

The epidemic of HIV/AIDS has devastating impacts on many societal features of both urban and rural communities. Cultural factors have been played a significant role in human decision making and behavior around health. In simple terms, culture basically refers to the traditions and customs upheld by societies and communities because of their belief...

In most of the societies, a socio-economic divide exists between men and women in economic spheres. However, economic resources have similar effects on both the genders. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of women’s economic deprivation on their political status in Pakhtun society. Quantitative method of social research...

This article is based on gendered dimension of HIV and AIDS

It is relatively easy to stop conflict but difficult to achieve peace. Peace or peacebuilding is not merely to abate conflict rather it is an activity that aims to resolve the practices of injustice in peaceful ways and transform the socio-economic and structural conditions that cause conflicts. Societies in post conflict transitions pose the chall...

The use of rhetorical devices practiced in antiquity in Aristotle's time and reached to the present through Renaissance (Goodnight, 2014). These devices impart color to the meanings. The focus remains here on rhetorical devices as it has been the burgeoning interest of researchers. This paper tends to delve similes used by political leaders in thei...

Every individual is exposed to different types of demands in the working environment. The demands may be either from the employees or administration of the organization. Conflict of interest and workload also affect the performance of the employees. In current study, the researchers aimed to investigate the importance of job demands and the strengt...

Women empowerment is one of the critical dimensions of a feminist perspective. In patriarchal societies, women are oppressed and suppressed; hence higher education is considered a remedy to equip them to deal with issues arising from undue oppression and suppression. This study aimed to find the relationship between the attainment of higher educati...

This article provides an insight to the sociological explanations of suicide and related behaviours. There are three predominant sociological perspectives e.g. functionalism (also known as structural functionalism), conflict perspective and symbolic interactionism. Each of the mentioned perspective examines and explains society from its unique poin...

BACKGROUND: Family-centered care (FFC) is modern and an accepted approach to take care of children and their parents or families in hospital. It is an approach whereby hospital staff (for example, doctors, nurses, technicians etc.) and families work together to take care of ill children. AIM OF THE STUDY: This research activity aims to compare the...

This study investigates various socioeconomic causes of medical malpractices among Pakhtuns of District Swat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. A comprehensive survey was conducted in Saidu Group of teaching hospitals Mingora and data was collected through structured questionnaire from 115 educated respondents through stratified random sampling with prop...

The purpose of the study has to examine the mediating effect of job burnout on the relationship between work-family conflict (WFC) and organizational commitment among the employees of the banking sector in District Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. For the study, data were collected through a close-ended questionnaire from 232 employees of the b...

The practice of hijab (veiling) among Muslim women has triggered a great deal of scholarly exploration and debate. This research puts forward empirical evidence to clarify the perception of people about appearance and veil in Pakistani context and highlights the conflicting meanings and purposes of veil among people belonging to different strata of...

This paper assesses the impact of community participation on community development programs, which is a precondition for successful and sustainable development in any community. However, majority of programs do not yield the desired results due to lack of community participation. This study has been carried out in Tehsil LalQilla, District Lower Di...

Gender stereotypes play an important role in socialization and gender role formation in educational spheres. School environment, class room, teachers, class room environment, text books and curriculum present and portray the masculine ideology. School curriculum and text books are perpetuating a masculine and dominant trait which decreases female p...

This paper is an attempt to investigate feminist stylistic analysis about various voices of gender discrimination in Khaled Hosseini’s A Thousand Splendid Suns 2007. It unveils the female characters’ attempts of resistance to such discriminatory practices and their underlying ideologies. The novel is a chronological narration of the Afghan people b...

Child labor has serious consequences upon children, their families and even on the larger spectrum of society as well. The researchers have predominantly utilized quantitative research design along-with qualitative discussion and a survey of the various mechanical workshops in Batkhela city was conducted in September 2013. For quantitative analysis...

The education system of Pakistan, in terms of quality teaching and learning, stands in the lowest rank in the world. Numerous reasons can be held responsible for this state of affairs. Teacher is one of these factors. Teacher is an important part of the teaching and learning process, who faces various problems due to which they cannot play their ro...

Aims: To identify the frequency of occupational stress and its contributing factors (stressors) existing among healthcare providers working in the Emergency Department (ED) of tertiary care hospitals of Karachi.

This study was performed in District Swat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. It aimed to underline the problem of school level health education and specifically the insufficiency of contents related to HIV (Human Immune Virus)/AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) in the curriculum taught at school resulting in unawareness of students concerning bas...

Labour migration from low income countries to economically stable and developed region for earning livelihood is a global phenomenon. In this process, the left behind children of emigrants are affected in many ways including their education. The paper is about the emigration of father and its effects on children’s dropout from School. The aims of t...

The level of burn out dimensions among banking sector employees is determined using demographic variables such as gender, experience, age and marital status. For this purpose, the data was collected from banking employees in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, by using a closed-ended questionnaire. After the data was proven to be normally distributed, de...

The current study investigates the impact of social power on the performance and perception of Pakistani English Speakers' use of apology responses. Two instruments, a discourse completion test (DCT, translated version for Pakistani Urdu speakers) and a scale response questionnaire (SRQ, both in Urdu and English), are used for data collection. The...

The government of Pakistan has decided to merge Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. However, this merger is not ceremonial. It would result in the union of two parallel if not contradictory life styles. The tribal people take pride in their age-old traditions and institutions. Among them, Jirga system has survived an...

Men and women are similar in the eyes of God, teaching of Quran and Hadith (the spoken words and practices of the Holy Prophet PBUH) but as a common observation, the popular religion seems to prioritize men over women in many contexts including politics. Gender based discrimination has been the important and pivotal component of Pakistani society i...

Regarding HIV/AIDs there are very less information on the awareness and knowledge of graduates and under graduate's students on HIV/AIDS in Pakistan. The current study is designed to determine the general perception about HIV/AIDS among university student of three Universities of Malakand Division Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Data has been collect...

The Human development occurs with the use and through the creation of technology. Deprived of technical development there would be no economic growth. This paper is an attempt to analyze the impact of advance technological tools such as internet, television and mobile phones on women lives from evidence of Pakistani Society. Technology becomes a mo...

The present study is a comparative analysis of graduate internally displaced students of Swat and Malakand in terms of academic motivation and self-efficacy in two public sector universities of District Malakand. A correlation of self-efficacy with academic motivation has also been explored through those students who had been displaced as a result...

Burnout is the chronic perception of the academicians to cope the demands in the jobs. Burnout is a complex syndrome, which originated by physiological, behavioral, cognitive and situational pressures of more personal and stress factors. The study is an attempt to determine burnout in female academician and examine their relationship with organizat...

The present study is a comparative analysis of graduate internally displaced students of Swat and Malakand in terms of academic motivation and self-efficacy in two public sector universities of District Malakand. A correlation of self-efficacy with academic motivation has also been explored through those students who had been displaced as a result...

This study is an attempt to analyze various problems faced by local body members in District Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. However, the emphasis has been on problems confronted by local body elected members from the existing political system and political representatives working at both provincial and national level government. For obtain...

Malteser International is an international Non-Governmental AID agency, providing humanitarian aid in disasters as well other human epidemics having more than 50 years of experience in humanitarian relief. This study was conducted in 2016 to know community perception towards the performance of Malteser International in disaster reduction in Chail V...

Physical infrastructure plays a pivotal role in performance of students in academics as well as co-curricular performance. The study is framed to investigate students’ academic performance in relation to the available physical facilities in Malakand division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. The data has been obtained from secondary and field sources...

People migrate to different countries dur to household strategies to cope with poverty. In this process the emigrants are more vulnerable to various diseases such HIV/AIDS. The globle world and especially poor countries of the world are facing with the issue of HIV/AIDS because of migration. Migration process significantly increases the exposure of...

Family income and parenting are important factors while considering child educational performance. The current study is based on literary as well as field information, which explores the role of family income and poor parenting in child educational performance. In order to explore the relationship between family income and child educational perform...

Migration is on the most important indicators of socioeconomic and behavioral development of families left behind. Previous studies on migration of male members, particularly of father had focuses on the educational outcome of children, however, paternal migration and its impact on child morality and socialization has rarely been focused. The curre...

The study applies the concept of job rotation based on perception of burnout diemensions and commitment using medical staffs of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. The earlier studies examined that job rotation is feeling of boredoms and fatigue (Hsieh and Chao, 2004). The past studies determined that there is huge costs on job rotation, organizational co...

Divorce is one of the growing social problems in modern societies (Nikolis and Zatand, 2015). Pakistan includes in list of countries where divorce rates are gradually increasing. The current study is an effort to explore the issue faced by divorced women while educating their children. The study has been conducted in District Malakand, Khayber Pakh...

Police system and policing are diverse concepts having multiple specifications and complexities in association with law implementation. However, the current study has been delimited to the attitude of community concerning police and policing in District Dir Lower Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The sample for the current study has been drawn from diverse commu...

The current study has been conducted to analyze the different impacts of training provided by Malteser International through Community Based Disaster Risk Management Committees (CBDRMC) to local community in Chail Valley of District Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. To analyze the issue a pure quantitative approach has been adopted during the fie...

HIV/AIDS is one of the growing social problems in Pakistan. The menace of HIV/AIDS has consequences on micro as well as macro level. Social stigma is an important aspect while considering the impact of HIV/AIDS on individual and communal level (micro and macro). Vicarious stigma (as conceptualized by Steward et al., 2008) is a type of social stigma...

Migration is a constant phenomenon in human evolution and had played a vital role in human affairs throughout the ages while the modern world that observe the ‘age of migration’ has no exception. Increasing international migratory flow during the last four decades have been the most visible manifestations of the globalization process accompanied by...

Globally, madrassas have become a key focus of researchers and scholars to identify and locate their socio-educational role and responsibility. In the context of Pakistan, majority of the studies however are driven by the security perspective in which attempts have been made to investigate and thus establish their involvement in training non-state...

Training is an important source of development of work force in an organization whether its business, educational or sports related organization. The current research activity is an effort to study the impact of trainings on job performance of teachers in public sector colleges in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The study is purely quantitative in nature and c...

Studies indicate that the ratio of divorce among Pakhtuns has been rapidly increasing with the passage of time and social change and modernization as well. However, people of the area try to continue the running of family and avoid the social stigma of the word “divorce” but still with the use of technology and modernization, the earlier stigma is...

Terrorism has immensely affected the lives and standard of living of common masses across the country. Such a menace gave birth to numerous apprehensions and affected lives of subject masses and adversely impacted the institutions. The current study tends to investigate the impacts of war against terrorism/militancy on children’s education, specifi...

This study aims to determine if mission drift is taking place in Pakistan. For this purpose, the study has examined depth of outreach (A measure of mission drift) by various financial measures, sustainability, credit methodology, female borrowers, leverage, age of institutions, profit status and regulations of institutions. The results revealed tha...

Family is a primary institution that provides resources to children within household as well as managed children educational choices. The total effect of family background in educational outcomes originates in parents' endowments, resources and propensity to invest in their children. We examine the effect of family social capital influences on stud...

This research article contains comprehensive and detailed analysis of community perception towards FATA reforms, to be implemented gradually and to identify various constraints in its implementation. Efforts have been made to remain focused on the measures if taken, to integrate and mainstream tribal belt in KPK. Further, it aims to explore expecte...

The beginning of the 21st Century brought with itself new challenges in the form of terrorism and militancy and the attack on World Trade Center opened a new chapter in the modern history. The gloomy atmosphere of such havoc also brought various socio-cultural, economic, political and religious impact in Pakistan. Majority of the scholars consider...

As an important marker in a human society, language performs a variety of functions. It serves the role of a primary vehicle for transmitting cultural norms, values and expectations from one generation to the other. It, therefore, emerges pivotal in connecting the past and the present and also determines the future trends. This research paper argue...

Drugs and illicit substances have resulted in obliterating effects over the social structure throughout the globe. This study is an attempt to illuminate the socioeconomic and psychological impacts of substance abuse on the abusers. The study has been approached through literary, secondary and theoretical information that are further analyzed and a...

Drugs and illicit substances have resulted in obliterating effects over the social structure throughout the globe. This study is an attempt to illuminate the socioeconomic and psychological impacts of substance abuse on the abusers. The study has been approached through literary, secondary and theoretical information that are further analyzed and a...

Gender stereotyping and gender role development is one of the debatable concerns to sociologists especially those who are interested in sociology of gender. This study attempts to investigate the role of family inculcating gender stereotyping in Pakhtun culture and its impact on gender role development conducted in public-sector universities of Mal...

This paper aims to analyze and understand the various problems faced by local body members in District Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. The population for the current study was 2244 elected local body members while a sample of 70 elected members were selected from the whole District through convenient sample technique. The data has been anal...

Exposure to violence in media, including television, movies, music and video games, represents a significant risk to children and adolescent's personality and growth. Extensive research evidences indicates that media violence can contribute to aggressive behavior, desensitization to violence, nightmares and fear of being harmed. The present researc...

This study focuses the traditional wedding system and marriage by elopement conducted in Kalasha tribe of district Chitral, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The tribe (community) under study has segmentary system based on patrilineal descent. In such a system, linage is defined through strict rules in the form of exogamy and prohibits inter...

Gender roles and division of labor have been exhaustively researched in the recent decades. Many studies address gender bias and disparity and strive for striking a balance between the roles of men and women. This paper argues that roles are culturally conditioned and based on cultural relativism, Pakhtun society segregate masculine and feminine do...

Migration of people to Middle East in search of employment has occurred throughout history and it is by no means a new phenomenon. Migration, in part plays a central role in income generation and remittances, and contributes to the material well-being of left-behind families. Labor migration to Middle East through brokers has significantly increase...

Development of a nation depends upon the active involvement of both male and female at the grassroots level. Women empowerment is crucial for community development and sustainable solutions to various problems at a large scale. The current study is an attempt to investigate community perception towards women's empowerment in Malakand division, Khyb...

The law enforcement mechanisms including policing in Pakistan in particular is perceived to be the most corrupt and ineffective system that has itself created conditions for the breakdown of law and order situation in the country. This trampling of law and order situation is, nonetheless backed by a multiplicity of factors ranging from historical i...

Research in language and linguistics focuses on language as a reflection of gendered culture. This article argues that language reflects as well as preserves, propagates, reinforces and perpetuates this culture. The article explores the significance of the role of language, that is, words and labels, in the formation and construction of gender iden...

The land in the east of the Hindu-Kush range that lies between Pakistan and Afghanistan is called Kafiristan (the land of Kafirs), where the inhabitant followed their own religion and customs residing in the three valleys of Rumbour, Bomboret and Birrir. The basis of their religion is oral traditions, songs, mythical stories and the distinctive dre...

Marriage is one of the universal social institutions established to control and regulate the life of mankind. It is the approved social pattern whereby two or more persons establish a family. However, marriage which occur without natural way or which violate the basic principles of human rights, creates critical social problems with multifaceted co...

Gender representation in school textbooks, referred to as children literature in the western world, has been researched and discussed extensively in a serious academic tone since the early classic studies by second wave feminist in the 1970s and 1980s using content analysis approach. These early studies as well as those carried out by feminist post...

The current paper is a historical analysis of the women's movement and gender reforms in Pakistan. The study is based upon secondary information following an evolutionary perspective with regard to social change and development. Library method as source of data collection has been used in the study particularly, the data used in the paper has been...

The discussion in the current debate primarily explores the major areas in Islamic discourses that are criticized by scholars and critics. The current debate aims to investigate and illuminate the true and transparent Islamic picture of the areas (criticized) by the western school of feminism. An attempt has been made to link the debate in the prev...