Apurba Ratan Ghosh

• University of Burdwan

One of the most difficult problems influencing wastewater treatment in the developed world is the treatment and disposal of sewage sludge. Sewage sludge is often disposed of either spreading it over land used for agriculture or by making a cake that may be deposited in a landfill or burned. Water needs to be taken out in order to make a sludge cake...

Despite covering only ~1% of Earth’s surface, coral reefs support immense biodiversity and provide critical ecosystem services to over 500 million people globally. These reefs, primarily located in six tropical nations, face escalating threats from both local and global pressures, notably plastic pollution. Microplastics (MPs), in particular, are i...

The fishing business has been greatly impacted by artificial intelligence (AI), which has increased production, sustainability, and efficiency. AI enables ships to collect and analyse enormous volumes of data on things like water temperature, salinity, fish behaviour, and ocean currents by combining sensors, cameras, and machine learning algorithms...

Food waste is produced for intended human consumption and is normally lost, discharged, contaminated, or finally degraded. The rising problem of food waste is increasing rapidly, so every sector is involved in minimizing food waste generation as well as waste management from collection to disposal, and scientists are developing the best eco-friendl...

The present study aimed to analyse the integrated histopathological lesions (IHLs) of the gill, liver and intestine of Catla catla exposed to the different doses of UV-B radiation. Gill exhibited the lesions like hypertrophy, hyperplasia, vacuolation, fusion of the gill filaments, rupture in the gill lamellae, epithelial cell lifting and necrosis....

Controlling an inverted pendulum towards an upright position is a difficult task. Backstepping control is an emerging tool for assisting this extremely nonlinear system to stabilize. Since several studies demonstrated fractional modern strategies with Oustaloup approximation, this current work proposes a novel fractional backstepping rule with impr...

The process of development is intricate and couple-dependent phenomenon. Accordingly, the study of molecular and cellular biology-based developmental toxicology biomarkers increasingly is becoming an important part of risk assessment and management of chemicals for detection of health outcomes and/or biological endpoint like cytotoxicity, cell deat...

Aquaculture plays a crucial role in meeting the growing global demand for seafood, but it faces challenges in terms of fish growth and health monitoring. The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques offers promising solutions for optimizing fish farming practices and ensuring sustainable aquaculture. This abstract provides an overview...

Surveillance under direct field-pond application of choline chloride in addition to farm-made-aqua-feed under semi-intensive culture system was investigated on the gonadal maturity in two Indian Major Carps Catla catla (Catla) and Labeo rohita (Rahu) and in two air-breathing teleosts, e.g., Clarias batrachus (Magur) and Anabas testudineus (Koi) rea...

The Fate of Microfibers in the aquatic ecosystem is a critical environmental issue that has gained significant attention in recent years. Microfibers are tiny synthetic fibers that are shed from clothing, textiles and other synthetic materials and they are a major contributor to the accumulation of microplastics in the environment. These microf...

Coal mining and its auxiliary actions have already been proved to cause potential pollutions to ecosystems. This research work assesses the surface water quality of Samdihi abandoned Opencast Coal Pit (OCP) of Asansol-Raniganj Coalfield Areas (ARCF). Twenty seven water samples were collected maintaining temporal variability and were analyzed for ph...

Face masks, a prime component of personal protective equipment (PPE) items, have become an integral part of human beings to survive under the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic situation. The global population requires an estimated 130 billion face masks and 64 billion gloves/month, while the COVID-19 pandemic has led to the daily disposal of approximately...

AI-driven surveillance has emerged as a transformative approach for monitoring the health and disease status of ocean organisms. With the increasing availability of data and advancements in artificial intelligence algorithms, researchers and conservationists are leveraging AI to gain insights into the well-being of marine ecosystems. This abstract...

Nutrient inadequacies among picky-eaters have adverse effects on growth and development. Oral nutritional supplements (ONS) along with dietary counseling (DC), rather than DC alone as reported in our earlier publication, promoted growth among picky-eating Indian children aged from >24 m to ≤48 m with weight-for-height percentiles lying between the...

Ecological health of two waterbodies i.e., cistern-made and ‘natural’ earthen-made waterbody was compared in the present study based on temporal variations of physicochemical and biological parameters. Number of physicochemical parameters [transparency, temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended sol...

Bioenergy is considered as an integral part to address climatic menace as well as environmental, economic, and social security challenges. Biofuels, in this regard, ensure a sustainable and low‐carbon alternative to fossil fuels because of cleanliness and renewable nature. Biofuel production, in particularly, from agricultural residue/waste is very...

Microplastics (MPs) have attracted wide attention all over the world as a remarkable pollutant. While MPs are spreading throughout several complex environmental matrices, various experiments till date have been preliminary concentrate on aquatic ecosystems. Terrestrial sources namely solid waste-origin have remains unexplored, although they contrib...

Controlling an unstable continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) process using a model reference adaptive control (MRAC) scheme is a very challenging task. Hence, this article shows a novel approach of fractional calculus using both Grunwal–Letnikov (G-L) and Riemann–Liouville (R-L) methods which are used to develop fractional order tuning rule of...

Aquaculture has emerged as fastest-growing global food production sector and played a pivotal role in meeting increased animal protein requirement. However, chemical pollution, environmental deterioration and disease prevalence has raised concern about aquaculture sustainability as well as achieving global food security. Nanoparticle nutraceuticals...

Controlling concentration and temperature of continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) is an extremely challenging task in chemical process industries. This is because conventional unity feedback schemes do not guarantee stable operating conditions for the CSTR process. Therefore, fractional calculus is augmented with multi-loop control to achieve e...

The present study was intended to determine the possible influences of direct field application of choline chloride into pond water in addition to farm-made-aqua-feed under a semi-intensive culture system on the growth and biochemical parameters of two Indian major carps (IMCs), Catla catla (Catla) and Labeo rohita (Rahu), and two air-breathing spe...

Biochar has received potential interest as a cost-efficient and environmentfriendly sorbent material to remediate metal contamination recently. However, the mechanism of metal sorption capacity by agriculture-based biochar is still lacking. Accordingly, this review chapter demonstrates metal sorption mechanisms by biochar including physical binding...

When a first-order irreversible exothermic reaction takes place in a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR), the plant model relating the reactor and jacket temperatures along with a measurement delay is of second-order unstable type. Such plants are very challenging to control. Hence, this article focuses on developing an optimal fractional orde...

The problem of poor nutrition with impaired growth persists in young children worldwide, including in India, where wasting occurs in 20% of urban children (<5 years). Exacerbating this problem, some children are described by their parent as a picky eater with behaviors such as eating limited food and unwillingness to try new foods. Timely intervent...

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the novel virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), began in December 2019 in China and has led to a global public health emergency. Previously, it was known as 2019-nCoV and caused disease mainly through respiratory pathways. The COVID-19 outbreak is ranked third...

Although a nationwide lockdown was imposed in India amid COVID-19 outbreak since March 24, 2020, the COVID-19 infection is increasing day-by-day. Till June 10, 2021 India has recorded 29,182,072 COVID cases and 359,695 deaths. A number of factors help to influence COVID-19 transmission rate and prevalence. Accordingly, the present study intended to...

Although nationwide lockdown was imposed in India amid COVID-19 outbreak since March 24, 2020, the COVID-19 infection is increasing day-by-day. India became world’s second most affected country. By 7th May 2021 India recorded 2,15,80,831 cases with 2,34,705 deaths and 1,76,78,249 recovered cases. Here, we described the possibility of COVID-19 react...

The COVID-19 (coronavirus disease) was first reported in Wuhan, PRC China and spread globally. The rapid spreading of COVID-19 disease, since its first outbreak in India, has forced many people to admit into the hospital; simultaneously, affected different aspects of people’s lives including front-line workers such as medical workers. COVID-19 pand...

The rapid outbreak of COVID-19 caused by Novel Coronavirus started sometimes in the third week of December 2019 became a serious pandemic disease due to lack of common awareness, sufficient infrastructures and lack of management strategies. As a symptom, it attributes life-threatening respiratory failure and quick outspread as per Public Health Eme...

The present study investigated the impact of choline chloride at the dose of 350 g bigha⁻¹ fortnightly for 90 days culture on Indian Major Carps (IMCs) (Labeo rohita, Catla catla) and Air-breathing fishes (Clarias batracus and Anabas testudineus) in field condition based on haematological parameters. Alterations in erythrocytes and differential leu...

In chemical engineering science, controlling temperature using nonlinear system is a very important task and continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) acts as a center of chemical process to control temperature at plant. In this work, to control temperature, IOPID and FOPID controllers have been tested on CSTR nonlinear model and simulation study has...

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), representing the biodegradable organic load in water, is a prime parameter to assess water quality. Estimation of biochemical oxygen demand requires prolonged incubation of water samples. Thus, it is a time-consuming as well as energy-consuming process. Therefore, it is not possible to respond rapidly for mitigation...

Present work evaluated the possible impact of choline on metabolic enzymes of cultured fish species into a semi-intensive pond culture system, reared with Catla catla (catla), Labeo rohita (rahu), Clarias batracus (magur) and Anabas testudineus (climbing perch) for 90 days in two seasons. Choline was added directly into the pond water periodically...

Damsal Nala, passing through the Sukinda chromite valley, Jajpur of Odisha is carrying the drainage from adjacent mines. Present work estimated the concentration of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, and Pb, by EDXRF and FAAS from bottom sediments and water samples of different zones of the Damsal Nala. The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Fe, and Pb in UDZ sediments we...

Polyaromatic compounds are the major, widespread contaminants in the aquatic environment. However, the adverse impacts of these compounds on blood pathophysiology (hematological profiling and serum biochemical responses) are poorly understood. As a consequence, this study was intended to evaluate the toxic effects of naphthalene, one of the polycyc...

The present study deals with the impact of choline chloride supplementation, applied directly into the pond water in a semi-intensive farm culture system for 90 d on two Indian Major Carps (IMCs) (Catla catla, Labeo rohita) and two air-breathing teleostean fishes (Anabas testudineus, Clarias batracus).The experiment was conducted in two seasons (br...

Anabas testudineus (Bloch) was exposed to 0.71 mg/L and 1.42 mg/L (25 and 50% of LC50 value respectively) of naphthalene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), for 21 days. Blood biochemical parameters and erythrocytic morphological alterations were assessed to describe the naphthalene toxicity. Biochemical analysis showed a significant increase...

Present study highlighted the ultramicroscopic (SEM) alterations of the skin, eye, barbel, and fins of spawn of an air-breathing teleost (Clarias batrachus, Linn. 1758) induced by UV-B radiation (280-320 nm) at a dose (@4.07 × 10-20J/photon/m2) under the time-frame of 5, 10 and 15 min/d in the laboratory condition for the periods of 5 and 10 days....

Heavy metals and herbicide are gaining serious environmental concern in aquatic toxicology due to its adverse effects on aquatic organisms especially amphibians. Accordingly, present study first time evaluated the acute toxicity of two heavy metals [arsenic (As3+) and chromium (Cr6+)] and a herbicide (Almix) to Indian skittering frog tadpole, Euphl...

Histopathological lesions in liver, kidney, stomach and intestine of freshwater fish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bolch) under the exposure of three different doses 10% (0.044 g, i.e., T1), 20% (0.088 g i.e., T2) and 30% (0.132 g i.e., T3) of LC 50 value (11.008 mg/L) of Ferterra 0.4% GR (Chlorantraniliprole) for 15 days were compared through Haematox...

The present work is designed to compare the chronic toxicity of anthracene [one of the major constituents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)] on Anabas testudineus (Bloch), in an air-breathing carnivorous fish, in laboratory condition under the exposure of two doses of LC50 value, i.e., 0.0075 mg/l (T1), i.e., 25% and 0.015 mg/l (T2) i.e.,...

Oreochromis niloticus (Linn.) was treated with different doses such as 10% (0.044 g, i.e. T1), 20% (0.088 g i.e. T2) and 30% (0.132 g i.e. T3) of LC50 value (11.008 mg/l) of Ferterra (Chlorantraniliprole 0.4% GR) for 15 days and the effects were investigated through Haematoxylin–Eosin and scanning electron microscopy method. Histological observatio...

Objectives: This was a multicenter prospective randomized double-blind study with two parallel experimental groups (EXP GRPS) & an open-labeled control grp (CON). Objective was to investigate the effect of two oral nutritional supplements (ONS) along with dietary counseling (DC) vs DC alone on growth among picky eating children from India, aged >...

Present work compared the toxicological responses of A. testudineus (Bloch) to anthracene exposure after treatment with two concentrations i.e., 25% (0.0075 mg/l) and 50% (0.015 mg/l) of LC50 value (0.030 mg/l) for different exposure periods of 1, 5, 10, 15 and 21 day(s). An intensive comparison of the effects was made based on haematological and b...

Present study was designed to evaluate the adverse effect of glyphosate-based herbicide, Excel Mera 71 in Anabas testudineus on comparative basis under field and laboratory conditions. Field (750 g/acre) and laboratory (17.2 mg/L) experiments were performed for a period of 30 days. For field experiment special type of cages were prepared. Fish gill...

This work was aimed to investigate the adverse impacts of Excel Mera 71 on Anabas testudineus, Heteropneustes fossilis and Oreochromis niloticus under laboratory (17.2 mg/L) and field (750 g/acre) conditions based on multiple-level integrated biomarker responses. Haematological parameters were influenced significantly and showed species specificity...

The present study was designed to assess the adverse effects of the agrochemical Almix on comparative basis in gill, liver and kidney of Heteropneustes fossilis through histological and ultrastructural observations under field (8 g/acre) and laboratory (66.67 mg/L) conditions. Exposure duration of both experiments was 30 days. Gill showed atrophy i...

This study focused on isolation and identification of possible phosphate‐solubilizing bacteria (PSB) from the sewage‐fed East Kolkata Wetland (EKWL), a prospective water resource for pisciculture. In addition, different limnological parameters have been correlated with orthophosphate and seasonal variations. PSB have been isolated in Pikovskaya med...

Objectives To evaluate the 120-day post-intervention growth trajectory of picky-eating children aged 2 to 6 years who previously completed a 90-day, randomized, controlled trial of oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) plus dietary counselling (DC) (SDC, n = 98) compared with DC alone (n = 105). Methods A total of 203 children were included. Chil...

Objectives To evaluate the effect of oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) plus dietary counselling (DC) (intervention) versus DC alone (control) on growth and upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) in nutritionally at-risk, picky eating children in India. Methods We performed a 90-day, prospective, randomized, controlled trial. A total of 255...

The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, 1972, declared environment of quality is the basic right of human being. It laid emphasis on protection and improvement of environment for inter- and intra-generational equity. India as a participatory nation by the 42nd amendment of the constitution incorporated provisions under Art. 48A and...

Wetlands are renewable and cost-effective complex nature of integrated natural biological resources. The wise use of aquaculture in the form of sewage-fed fishery provides a multitude of ecological functions such as flood reduction, groundwater recharge, habitat and biodiversity restoration, employable opportunity, etc. Wetlands are classified into...

This study evaluated the acute toxicity and oxidative stress responses to sodium fluoride (NaF) exposure in tadpoles of the skittering frog, Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis (Schneider 1799). The 96 h LC50 value was found to be 647 mg/L. Biochemical tests were conducted at 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% and 80% of the 96 h LC50 dose. Cholinesterase (ChE...

Cadmium is a common metal found in anthropogenically contaminated aquatic environments and is toxic to aquatic biota at elevated levels. Lamellidens marginalis is an important bio-indicator of aquatic systems. The bioaccumulation of cadmium in the gills normally occurs through diffusion process and active transport. The experimental analysis is car...

Present study was aimed to note the effects of glyphosate-based herbicide, Excel Mera 71 (17.20 mg/L) on digestive enzyme activity in teleostean fishes, Anabas testudineus (Bloch) and Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) and their subsequent recovery responses under Liv.52 for a period of 30 days. Amylase activity was raised highly in intestine of A. te...

In the present study, multi-level integrative biomarker responses (multi-level IBR) were studied to evaluate the toxicological effects of Almix herbicide towards Indian teleosts, namely Anabas testudineus, Heteropneustes fossilis and Oreochromis niloticus under laboratory (66.7 mg/L) and field (8 g/acre) conditions (30 days). At physiological level...

Effects of two different concentrations of arsenic (8.88 mg/l and 17.76 mg/l i.e., 25 and 50% of LC50 value) respectively and chromium (15.45 mg/l and 30.90 mg/l i.e., 25 and 50% of LC50 value respectively) were evaluated on digestive enzymes of Anabas testudineus for a period of 30 days under laboratory condition. Here As1 and As2, and Cr1 and Cr2...

Effects of two different concentrations of arsenic (8.88 mg/l and 17.76 mg/l i.e., 25 and 50% of LC50 value) respectively and chromium (15.45 mg/l and 30.90 mg/l i.e., 25 and 50% of LC50 value respectively) were evaluated on digestive enzymes of Anabas testudineus for a period of 30 days under laboratory condition. Here As1 and As2, and Cr1 and Cr2...

Oreochromis niloticus was exposed to glyphosate-based herbicide, Excel Mera 71 for a period of 30 days under field and laboratory conditions to investigate the histopathological and ultrastructural responses in gill, liver and kidney. Gill displayed degenerative changes in pillar cells of gill epithelium, curling of secondary lamella, and appearanc...

The study considered the special effects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons or PAHs present in the diesel infested Loco tank on the liver of three teleostean fishes namely, Labeobata,Labeorohita and Cirrhinusmrigala. The histopathological study on liver of these three fishes revealed the distortion of the hepatic cords, dilation of the sinusoids,...

Oreochromis niloticus was exposed to Excel Mera 71 for 30 days both at field and laboratory conditions to investigate ultrastructural responses in stomach and intestine through light, Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy (SEM and TEM). Stomach showed damage in mucosal folds and gastric glands, fusion of gastric folds under laboratory condi...

Oreochromis niloticus was exposed to Excel Mera 71 for 30 days both at field and laboratory conditions to investigate ultrastructural responses in stomach and intestine through light, Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy (SEM and TEM). Stomach showed damage in mucosal folds and gastric glands, fusion of gastric folds under laboratory condi...

Present study deals with the effects of glyphosate-based herbicide, Excel Mera 71 on Anabas testudineus, Heteropnestes fossilis and Oreochromis niloticus in field conditions (1.85 kg/ha) based on anti-oxidative, metabolic and digestive responses. For this study following biomarkers viz., acetylcholinesterase (AChE), lipid peroxidation (LPO), catala...

Effects of glyphosate-based commercial herbicide, Excel Mera 71 were performed to evaluate the pathological responses in stomach and intestine of Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) for duration of 30 days both under rice field and laboratory concentrations. Under light microscopy, stomach showed distortion in columnar epithelial cells (CEC), lamina pr...

Objectives The present study analyzes metal contamination in sediment of the East Kolkata Wetlands, a Ramsar site, which is receiving a huge amount of domestic and industrial wastewater from surrounding areas. The subsequent uptake and accumulation of metals in different macrophytes are also examined in regard to their phytoremediation potential....

The aim of this study is to assess the influence of effluent discharge from a sewage treatment plant by evaluating oxidative stress and histopathological alterations in freshwater crucian carp Carassius auratus collected from the Eungcheon stream, located in Korea. Catalase activity in the gills, liver, and kidneys of C. auratus was collected from...

Lead (Pb) is one of the common hazardous heavy metals posing severe toxicity problems in aquaculture productivity and human health by bioaccumulation and biomagnification due to its uncontrolled discharge into ecosystem in the age of modern industrialization and agricultural growth. The study was carried out to monitor the contamination status of h...

Abstract Background: Aquatic pollution by pesticidal application, in recent times, has gained much attention throughout the world, as they ultimately reach to the aquatic bodies through agricultural runoff or by aerial spraying and finally, impair the health status of fish. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the toxicological responses of...