Anwar Aly

Alexandria University | AU · Department of Soil and Water Sciences

Due to growing water demands and changing hydro-meteorological variables brought on by climate change, drought is becoming an increasingly serious climate concern. The Al-Baha region of Saudi Arabia is the subject of this study because it is susceptible to both agricultural and meteorological droughts. This study investigates how climate change aff...

The Water-Energy-Food, WEF, Nexus approach is a holistic vision of sustainability that recognizes and tries to strike a balance between the different goals, interests and needs of people and the environment. The Nexus is not new concept, as interdependency does exist in nature. However, management of water and energy for food production with the ai...

The tomato is a vital component of agriculture and is the second-most important vegetable globally. Maintaining a high tomato production requires both water quality and quantity. Water-scarce regions like Saudi Arabia still lack an understanding of the impact of deficit irrigation and the use of a blend of saline and freshwater, especially their nu...

The use of modeling for water conservation during irrigation is still in the research stage. There are many models can be used for this purpose, including Saltmed model. The SALTMED model is a holistic model can be used for different irrigation water and soil qualities, variety of crops, and water irrigation systems. This research aimed to interpre...

The impacts of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and partial root zone drying irrigation (PRD) on water productivity (WP), crop water response factor (Ky), and yield of tomato crop (Solanum lycopersicum) were explored in this study using fresh (0.9 dS m−1) and saline (3.6 dS m−1) water under greenhouse conditions. RDI had four ETc (crop evapotrans...

This book provides an overview of the current status of water, energy, food, and the ecosystem within the framework of core sustainable development goals in the MENA Region and the MED-Basin, focusing on the current practices in the regions. The first part of the book introduces the interactions between the elements. The second part addresses the c...

Groundwater quality is being deteriorated as a result of climate change, overuse, and decreased precipitation, consequently impacting both agricultural productivity and human health. Thus, to investigate the potential variations in groundwater quality for irrigation and household applications, groundwater samples were collected from 88 different si...

Groundwater over-exploitation, rising temperature and declined precipitation, have resulted in groundwater quality deterioration, subsequently affecting human health and agricultural productivity. Therefore, to evaluate the suitability of groundwater for domestic and irrigation purposes, groundwater samples were collected from 88 locations in Sarat...

Groundwater depletion coupled with climate change, increasing temperature, and decreasing precipitation, has led to groundwater quality deterioration and diminishing groundwater quantity, subsequently affecting agricultural productivity in arid environments. The groundwater of the Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia is located in unconfined shallow aquife...

Over-exploitation of groundwater, rising temperature, and declined precipitation have resulted in groundwater quality deterioration, subsequently affecting human health and agricultural productivity. Therefore, to evaluate the suitability of groundwater for domestic and irrigation purposes, groundwater samples were collected from 88 locations in Sa...

Water management and irrigation conservation in calcareous sandy soil are of significant importance for sustaining agricultural production, especially in arid and semi-arid region that facing scarcity of water resources. The changes in hydro-physical characteristics of calcareous sand soil were investigated after date palm waste-derived biochar app...

Although carbon (C) efflux from soils treated with organic wastes was widely covered in temperate and cold regions, still such data is not sufficient from arid and semi-arid regions. Saudi Arabia produces more than 335,000 tons/year of cow manure (CM), this CM either left as raw manure or being composted. The application of high C/N amendments is e...

In this study, waste olive leaves and branches were pyrolyzed to produced biochar, and their impacts on physical and chemical properties of a sandy soil were evaluated. Pyrolytic temperatures of 300 °C, 400 °C, and 500 °C were used for biochar production. After evaluating the physio-chemical properties, the produced biochars were added to the top 1...

Potential environmental risks associated with leachate from a municipal solid waste landfill located at Al-Hamra Al-Assad, Al-Madinah City, Saudi Arabia, were reported in this study. Three leachate samples from the landfill, 54 groundwater samples, and 44 surface soil samples were collected from the surroundings. The collected samples were analyzed...

Springs are ecosystems influenced by the exposure of groundwater at the Earth's surface. Springs are abundant and have played important, highly interactive ecological, cultural, and socio-economic roles in arid, mesic, and subaqueous environments throughout human evolution and history. However, springs also are widely regarded as being highly threa...

The objective of this study was to compare and assess the quality and study the hydrochemistry of groundwater in the Al-Baha and Al-Qassim areas, representing the Arabian Shield and Arabian Shelf, respectively , of the Arabian Peninsula. The chemical and microbiological constituents of the groundwaters of the two sites were acquired and compared. T...

Fifty-four groundwater samples were collected from Hamra Alasad in Al-Madinah City. The chemical and microbial characteristics of the samples were analyzed and compared with their respective standards. The results revealed that 90.7% of the samples showed higher amounts of NO3. However, 59.3% of the samples were found unfit for irrigation purposes...

The objective of this study was to compare and assess the quality and study the hydrochemistry of groundwater in the Al-Baha and Al-Qassim areas, representing the Arabian Shield and Arabian Shelf, respectively, of the Arabian Peninsula. The chemical and microbiological constituents of the groundwaters of the two sites were acquired and compared. Th...

An environmental sensor (the Decagon 5TE sensor with an EM50 data logger) is a soil salinity, temperature and water content (SWC) sensor that can be used by researchers and farmers around the world. Herein, 22 sensors were tested under different conditions of soil salinity, temperature, organic matter, texture, clay content, bulk density and water...

The use of saline groundwater in irrigation due to the limited availability of fresh water is one of the main causes of land degradation in arid and semi-arid environments. The agro-ecosystem of Siwa Oasis was monitored over a period of two decades. A stable isotope study, oxygen-18 and deuterium, indicated that Siwa groundwater is of meteoric orig...

Synthetic polymers, such as polyacrylamide (PAM), and biochar are generally used as soil amendments to improve soil properties. This paper explores a laboratory column experiment conducted to investigate the effects of biochar (pyrolysis at 400–450 °C) and polymers, with different application rates, on the hydro-physical properties of sandy soil. T...

In this study, bentonite (Ben), compost (Com), and biochar (Bio) were used as soil amendments to enhance sandy soil physical properties. A soil column experiment was conducted in a laboratory. Application rates were 3% (weight/weight) of Bio (T1), Ben (T2), and Com (T3). Furthermore, mixtures 1.5% and 1.5% of Bio and Ben (T4), Ben and Com (T5), and...

A greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of water and salt stress in Quinoa plants (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Irrigation treatments using saline solutions of 0 (control), 50(T1), 200(T2), 400(T3), 600(T4), and 800(T5) mM sodium chloride (NaCl) were adopted. The results indicated that quinoa plants can tolerate water stress...

Successive columns of gravel, fine sand, and mixture of acidified cotton and zeolite clinoptilolite nanoparticles (ZNP) were found efficient in olive mill waste water (OMW) treatment and desalination. The treatment decreased OMW’s salinity from 10.9 to 1.6 dSm−1 due to K+ removal. Furthermore, most total phenol contents were removed. The adsorption...

Abstract: Water scarcity in arid and semi-arid regions is a major concern for agricultural authorities around the world. Saudi Arabia (SA) located in arid environment is suffer from limited water resources with a dominion of sandy soil which characterized by low water-holding capacity and high infiltration rate. One of the challenges in SA is to d...

The analyses of 180 groundwater samples of Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia, recorded that most groundwaters are unsuitable for drinking uses due to high salinity; however, they can be used for irrigation with some restriction. The electric conductivity of studied groundwater ranged between 1.05 and 10.15 dS m−1 with an average of 3.0 dS m−1. Nitrate was als...

This study focuses on chemical and microbial analyses of 50 Zamzam water samples, Saudi Arabia. The soluble ions, trace elements, total colony counts, total coliform group, and E. coli were determined and compared with WHO standards. The obtained results indicated that the dissolved salts, soluble cations and anions, Pb, Cd, As, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Fe,...

This study focuses on chemical analysis of 180 different groundwater samples in Al-Kharj governorate, Saudi Arabia.Thedistributionofchemicalconstituents(major,minor, and trace elements) is determined and compared with drinking and irrigation water standards. The water quality index (WQI) is applied to investigate groundwaters suitability for drinki...

Vegetation cover (VC) changes detection is essential for a better understanding of the interactions and interrelationships between humans and their ecosystem. Remote sensing (RS) technology is one of the most beneficial tools to study spatial and temporal changes of VC. A case study has been conducted in the agro-ecosystem (AE) of Al-Kharj, in the...

Vegetation cover (VC) change detection is essential for a better understanding of the interactions and interrelationships between humans and their ecosystem. Remote sensing (RS) technology is one of the most beneficial tools to study spatial and temporal changes of VC. A case study has been conducted in the agro-ecosystem (AE) of Al-Kharj, in the c...

Many Muslims people drink Zamzam water either for medicinal or religious purpose; however, some study recorded that the water is contaminated by nitrate and arsenic. The main objective of this investigation is to evaluate the water for drinking focusing on nitrate and arsenic. The chemical, total dissolved salts (TDS), major, minor and trace elemen...

One hundred and eighty drinking water samples were collected from five zones of Riyadh governorate including Riyadh main zone, Ulia, Nassim, Shifa, and Badiah zones. The water was collected from the main water network and underground and upper household tanks in each zone. The water quality was found to be acceptable for drinking with respect to ch...

Saudi Arabia is impoverished by water resources and the irrigation water management is considered as the most important point to investigate. There is an urgent need for methods and practices that reduce the excessive amount of water applied in irrigation without decline in productivity. Deficit irrigation (DI) is a strategy involves this need that...

A successful water management scheme for irrigated crops needs a holistic approach that considers water, crop, soil, and field management. Models can be very useful tools in this respect. Not only can they help in calculating crop water requirements and irrigation scheduling, but they can also be used to predict yields and soil salinization under d...

The objective of this study was to assess the use of Concarpus biochar as a soil amendment for reducing heavy metals accessibility and uptake by maize plants (Zea mays L.). The impacts of biochar rates (0.0, 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0% w/w) and two soil moisture levels (75% and 100% of field capacity, FC) on immobilization and availability of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd...

Abstract In this study, the distribution of the chemical constituents (major, minor, and trace elements) is determined in different localities in Egypt’s western desert oases, i.e., Bahariya, Farafra, Bahrean, Siwa, El-Gara, and Al-Jaghbub oases. The Nubian Sandstone Aquifer (NSA) is shared between all oases; however, the Limestone Aquifer (LA) is...

The main objectives of this study were to: evaluate and compare the treated and untreated groundwater quality in Hafar Albatin, Saudi Arabia for drinking purpose using water quality index (WQI), study the suitability of untreated groundwater for irrigation purpose, and investigate hydrochemical processes that control the groundwater chemistry. The...

In this study, a deficit irrigation program was investigated for its impact on cucumber crop yield (Cucumbis sativus L.) planted in an open field and a greenhouse using a drip irrigation system during 2008–2011 growing seasons. The irrigation treatments were four levels of ETc (40, 60, 80 and 100%) in addition to the traditional practice of local f...

Water, it is said, will be the oil of the twenty-first century. Successful water management will be the key to future economic growth and social wealth in both developed and developing countries. Due to the continuous agricultural expansion, urban development, and increased demands on limited water supplies, Egypt is compelled to look for unconvent...

Continuing agricultural expansion and urban development in Saudi Arabia, (located in an arid climate), together with an increased demands for more water supplies, calls for more efficient irrigation practices, and an increase in Crop Water Productivity (CWP). Throughout the present study, a deficit irrigation system was investigated for its impact...

This study focuses on the temporal monitoring and chemical analysis of two pathways, unpadded and open drain canal, of the surface industrials effluent on industrial city of Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. The distribution of the chemical constituents (Major, Minor, and Heavy metals) is determined and compared with Saudi Arabia and USEPA standards. The...

Clays are among the most important industrially used minerals. Three potential clay mineral mining sites in Saudi Arabia were chosen, and 21 clay deposit samples were collected. The activity concentrations (average±standard deviation) of the naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs), 238U, 226Ra, 232Th, 228Ra and 40K, were 49±20, 47±23, 34±...

he is also an assistant professor (lecturer) in the Soil and Water Science Department at Alexandria University in Alexandria, Egypt. Abdrubelrasoul M. Al-Omran is a professor in the Department of Soil Sciences in Faculty of Food and Agriculture Sciences at King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Arafat A. Khasha is a masters student in the So...

Due to the arid climate of the Saudi Arabia, groundwater is a most precious natural resource, providing reliable water supplies for population of these areas. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of groundwater resources in the selected study areas of Riyadh and Al-Ahsa regions. This study focuses on the chemical analysis of the av...

This study focuses on the chemical analysis of the available brands of domestic bottled water in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. The distribution of the chemical constituents (major, minor, and trace elements) is determined and compared with the chemical content labeled on the bottles and with drinking water standards of Saudi Arabian, World Health Orga...

CONCLUSIONS 1. The average shallow groundwater depth in summer is 7cm lower than in winter, and Soil salinity is higher in summer than in winter. 2. The relationship between soil salinity and SGW depth is indirect (i.e. Deeper = Low salinity or the reverse). The Siwa Soil salinity and SAR were found to be highly correlated in contrast of shallow gr...

Due to the arid climate of the southern part of Egypt, oases groundwater is a most precious natural resource, providing reliable water supplies for the ­population of these oases. This study aims to assess the quality of groundwater resources in the southern Egypt oases; Dahkla, Kahrga, and Uweinat, taking part from the Nubian Sandstone geological...

The scarcity of water resources in the Siwa oasis constitutes a major problem for a sustainable development in this region. This oasis is considered as the most important oasis in the western desert of Egypt. As a consequence of the diverse and competing uses of the water, the Siwa oasis faces a challenge for integrated water resources management....