
Anwaar AhmedNational University of Sciences and Technology | NUST · Department of Transportation Engineering
Anwaar Ahmed
PhD, Purdue University, USA
About
62
Publications
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Introduction
Dr Anwaar Ahmed is an associate professor at NUST’s College of Civil Engineering, Risalpur. He received his MS and PhD in Transportation and Infrastructure Systems Engineering from Purdue University, USA in 2009 and 2012 respectively. Dr. Anwaar teaches undergraduate and graduate courses and conducts research in highway safety, traffic engineering and transportation system evaluation. His research work has been published in journals of international repute. He is a Fellow of International Road Federation and recipient of American Association of State Highway and Transportation Official “High Value Research Project Award”.
Additional affiliations
July 2012 - present
January 2009 - May 2012
Publications
Publications (62)
With the intent to frame policy recommendations for enhancing the state of road safety, this study employed a binary logit regression approach to examine the factors associated with the compliance/defiance of seatbelt use among drivers of different vehicle types in Islamabad. To this end, a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data on the...
The UIB (Upper Indus Basin) is prone to GLOFs (Glacial Lake Outburst Floods). Physical monitoring of such a large area on a regular basis is a challenging task, especially when the temporal and spatial extent of the hazard is highly variable. The purpose of this study was to map the potentially dangerous glacial lakes and simulate the associated ha...
The risk of road traffic crashes (RTCs) has enhanced due to growing motorization worldwide. In addition to other road safety countermeasures, enforcing regulation on key risk factors like seatbelt use is critical in reducing road crash fatalities (RCFs) and road crash injuries (RCIs). In the present study, an ordered probit model is estimated to ex...
The risk of road traffic crashes (RTCs) has enhanced due to growing motorization worldwide. In addition to other road safety countermeasures, enforcing regulation on key risk factors like seatbelt use is critical in reducing road crash fatalities (RCFs) and road crash injuries (RCIs). In the present study, an ordered probit model is estimated to ex...
Past studies have developed pavement performance models using data from all or multiple states across the U.S. This study hypothesizes that due to variation in agency practices and work activity profile, individual pavement performance models should be estimated for each state, using data from its own roadway network, for onward use in its pavement...
The enormous loss of life, as well as economic loss, incurred by road traffic crashes means that rigorous research efforts, especially in developing countries, are needed to investigate risk factors that significantly influence crash severity. The objective of this study is to explore empirically the impact of driver and vehicle characteristics, en...
The United States relies on more than four million miles of roadways providing mobility, accessibility and connectivity that are crucial for economic growth, livelihood and social integration. As such, it is critical to maintain this roadway system in a state of good repair. Pavement condition is a main contributor in the decision-making for determ...
Pavement management system (PMS) affords objective information and useful data analysis to make consistent, cost-effective, and defensible decisions related to the pavement preservation at network and project level. Pavement functional and structural evaluations using performance indicators such as international roughness index (IRI), surface distr...
Highway Work Zones (HWZs) present a major hazard for road users, construction workers and equipment, and significantly contribute to occurrence of road crashes worldwide. The present study focuses on analysing the current state of safety measures at HWZs in Pakistan. A more direct approach is adopted by comparing safety measures at randomly selecte...
The present study presents a comprehensive framework for optimal highway capacity expansion through lane(s) addition. The applicability of the proposed framework is demonstrated using data from a multi-lane urban arterial. In the proposed methodology, annualized widening costs (agency lane addition cost and work zone user delay cost) and excess use...
The transportation systems generally constitute the largest public-sector investment by any society. Despite of funding limitations, highway agencies continue striving to develop road network to meet needs of the society. In order to ensure optimal utilization of public money, there is a dire need of best project evaluation practices and monitoring...
Highway agencies seek to establish road user cost responsibilities, in the form of marginal costs associated with the maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) of their existing infrastructure, on the basis of lifecycle data on the infrastructure usage levels and repair costs. Due to the differences in physical characteristics and operational conditions...
Increasing motorization has enhanced the risk of road traffic crashes (RTCs) worldwide. In addition to other improvement incentives, enforcing legislation on key risk factors such as seatbelt use by vehicle occupants is critical in reduction of road crash fatalities (RTFs) and injuries (RTIs). This study estimates an ordered probit model to explore...
The effectiveness of speed limit enforcement (SLE) is a critical factor in reducing the global burden of fatalities and injuries due to road crashes. A random-parameter ordered-probit model was developed to explore the relationship between the effectiveness of SLE and different explanatory variables using data from a 2013 World Health Organization...
There exist several classes of physical interventions to address congestion at arterials, including widening (construction of additional lanes) and upgrading to expressway standards where possible. For each class of intervention, a key question is the threshold or benchmark traffic volume (BTV) at which the intervention is feasible. For long-term c...
The contemporary traffic safety research comprises little information on quantifying the simultaneous association between drink driving and speeding among fatally injured drivers. Potential correlation between driver’s drink driving and speeding behavior poses a substantial methodological concern which needs investigation. This study therefore focu...
The managers of highway bridge infrastructure constantly seek to improve their predictions of the physical performance of their facilities at any future time and also to identify the influential factors of bridge deterioration. In addressing this subject for concrete superstructures in particular, this paper uses empirical data from Indiana spannin...
Highway agencies seek to establish road user cost responsibilities, in the form of marginal costs, associated with the maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) of their existing infrastructure, on the basis of life-cycle data on the infrastructure usage levels and repair costs. Due to the differences in physical characteristics and operational conditio...
Accurate assessment of effort, time and resources for estimation of
project cost is a challenging task for project managers. Several methodologies are
commonly practiced around the globe for project cost estimation based on the
project’s scope, type, and availability of resources. In developing countries like
Pakistan most of the construction proje...
Accurate assessment of effort, time and resources for estimation of project cost is a challenging task for project managers. Several methodologies are commonly practiced around the globe for project cost estimation based on the project's scope, type, and availability of resources. In developing countries like Pakistan most of the construction proje...
Funding the maintenance, rehabilitation and reconstruction (MR&R) of highway infrastructure is becoming a challenging task for highway agencies around the globe. Highway agencies usually charge road use fees to the highway users that are either mileage based or proportional to the actual share of infrastructure damage occasioned. Current road user...
Newly-constructed and reconstructed highway pavements under the effect of traffic loading and climatic severity deteriorate progressively and need preservation intervention after a certain number of years following their construction. In the literature, the term ‘rest period’ has been used to refer to the number of years that elapse between the con...
This paper describes the application of HEC-RAS model to the development of floodplain maps for the part of Kabul river that lies in Pakistan. The intent is to assist policy makers and planners in the development of flood mitigation measures for the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, which experienced unprecedented floods in July/August 2010 exposing the...
In updating road-user fees, highway agencies are motivated by the twin objectives of equity and efficiency. The concepts of marginal pavement consumption cost (MPCC) and the fourth-power law have been used in past research in a bid to establish efficient and equitable user fees. Over the past few decades, the use of the fourth-power law has faced s...
Injuries and fatalities from road traffic crashes have emerged a major public health challenge in Pakistan. Reliable estimates of road crash fatalities (RCF) of a country, is a vital element needed for identification and control of key risk factors, road-safety improvement efforts and prioritizing national health. Reliability of current annual RCF...
Application of a treatment at appropriate time is indeed a critical issue in highway asset management. A treatment that is
applied too early (hastened) or too late (deferred) has consequences in terms of the agency cost, facility performance and
cost-effectiveness. This research uses basic concepts in costing and effectiveness analysis to develop a...
Highway agencies worldwide strive to ensure that highway users pay fees that not only recover the costs of pavement damage but also are equitable. In addressing the limitations of past research and quantifying the resulting adverse consequences on their analysis outcomes, this paper presents a comprehensive framework to derive more representative e...
This research evaluates the performance of various hot mix asphalt mixtures. Four HMA mixtures (two controlled and two modified) for wearing course were evaluated within envelope of national highway authority (NHA's) class A and class B gradations using Superpave mix design method. Bakelite, an old plastic was added as modifier to the penetration g...
Using the data from a national study in the USA, this study demonstrated a comprehensive and multidimensional pavement treatment evaluation methodology and used the methodology to evaluate the short-term and life cycle cost-effectiveness (CE) of five rigid pavement rehabilitation treatments. Four measures of effectiveness were used in this study: t...
Trade-off analysis, one of the key elements of transportation asset management (TAM), helps decision makers to not only quantify how different resource allocations affect system performance but also investigate the trade-off relationships between cost and performance measures and between different performance measures. In the fast-growing field of...
Application of a treatment at appropriate time is indeed a critical issue in highway asset management. A treatment that is applied too early (hastened) or too late (deferred) has consequences in terms of the agency cost, facility performance and cost-effectiveness. This research uses basic concepts in costing and effectiveness analysis to develop a...
The effect of trucks on the level of service is
determined by considering passenger car equivalents (PCE) of trucks.
The current version of Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) uses a
single PCE value for all tucks combined. However, the composition
of truck traffic varies from location to location; therefore, a single
PCE value for all trucks may not cor...
Highway agencies worldwide strive to ensure that highway users pay fees that not only recover the costs of pavement damage but also are equitable. In addressing the limitations of past research and quantifying the resulting adverse consequences on their analysis outcomes, this paper presents a comprehensive framework to derive more representative e...
In order to generate the funds needed for preserving highway infrastructure, highway agencies impose various types of fees on road users. For purposes of efficiency and equity, user fees must reflect appropriately the share of pavement damage occasioned by each vehicle class. This paper presents a review of the state of practice of pavement damage...
This paper uses aggregate data from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Road Federation (IRF) to identify the relationship between aggregate levels of road traffic safety, health service levels, motorization level, and associated factors. Two alternative modeling specifications are used to estimate the national fatality rate,...
Engineers continually seek effective techniques for preserving highway infrastructure. Using data from the specific pavement study#5 of the long-term pavement performance (LTPP) programme's western region, this article evaluated the performance of eight flexible pavement rehabilitation treatments. Aggregate and disaggregate post-treatment performan...
This study estimated highway pavement and bridge damage costs, and analyzed the adequacy of permit revenues to cover these
costs. The study began with an extensive review of the literature on the subject, thus facilitating identification of the gaps in the
existing practice and research. The developed framework includes the establishment of asset f...
Estimates of planning-level treatment costs are vital inputs for preservation project budgeting, prioritization, and programming in
highway asset management. However, with the paucity of analytical research on highway asset preservation costing, agencies have resorted to
the use of average costs. However, average cost values fail to adequately acco...
Civil engineering systems are vulnerable to natural and man-made threats. In recent years, agencies are paying increased attention to investments that are geared towards reducing system vulnerability. For purposes of analyzing the effectiveness of such investments and also for vulnerability monitoring, a procedure is needed to quantify the level of...
The effect of trucks on the level of service is determined by considering passenger car equivalents (PCE) of trucks. The Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) uses a single PCE value for all tucks combined. However, the composition of truck traffic varies from location to location; therefore a single PCE-value for all trucks may not correctly represent the...
Highway agencies strive to provide the highest possible level of service (LOS) to their users. Traffic density, the main factor affecting the freeway, is determined by converting a mixed traffic stream to an equivalent passenger car stream using passenger car equivalencies (PCEs). Traditionally, equivalent delay and microscopic simulation have been...
For purposes of safety and system preservation, trucking operational characteristics are regulated through legislation and policies. However, special permits are granted for trucks to exceed specified operational restrictions. Thus, the Indiana DOT not only seeks highway operations policies that retain/attract heavy industry including those that ha...