Anu Prasanna Vankara

Yogi Vemana University · Department of Zoology

Biohydrogen (H2) is an efficient form of renewable energy generated from various biological organisms. Specifically, primitive plants such as algae which are photosynthetic organisms can produce several commercial products, including biofuels due to their simple form, short life span, efficient photosynthetic capacity, and ability to grow in non-po...

Marine organisms provide a rich source of chemically diverse compounds which have the potential to develop as novel therapeutic agents. Specifically, marine algae, a big group of organisms, were targeted to figure their primary and secondary metabolites such as polysaccharides, peptides, fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, minerals, vitamins,...

The continuously increasing energy requirement on one hand and the incessant depletion of non-renewable fossil fuels on the other urge us to focus on alternative renewable energy sources such as biofuels. Biofuels including biodiesel, bioethanol, biobutanol, biohydrogen, etc., are generated from different biological sources, and their waste which s...

A new species of Cardicola Short, 1953 (n= 27) was obtained from the gills of 16 infected marine threadfin fish, Eleutheronema tetradactylum Shaw, 1804 of Visakhapatnam coast, India between July 2005 and June 2007. The new species, Cardicola polynemi is characterized by possessing the body which is eight times longer than wide with a vestigial oral...

Background and Objectives: Monogeneans are notorious parasites with a diverse life-history which occupy hydrodynamically secluded sites within the gill arches to defend themselves from strong water currents and pesticides in water. A parasitic survey was performed to emphasize the spatial distribution of gill monogeneans from Oreochromis niloticus...

Overuse of non-renewable fossil fuels due to the population explosion urges us to focus on renewable fuels such as bioethanol. It is a well-known fact that ethanol is useful as a blending product with common fuels such as petrol and diesel. This reduces the cost besides bringing down environmental pollution. Apart from chemical methods, bioethanol...

Mucormycosis

A population's genotypic frequencies and allelic distribution can be studied using Hardy-Weinberg's equilibrium. This research was done to assess the allelic and genotopic frequencies of postgraduate students at Yogi Vemana University in Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India for 15 qualitative morphogenetic traits. This study involved 440 students in total...

The outburst of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) creates an unrivalled cause to human health all across the world and society. The growth of proper treatments is criticized in condition. Available drugs were present but with severe adverse effects. Hence in order to reduce an alternative medication is needed. Spike protein, Nucleocapsid protein, RNA-dependent...

Algae will grow majorly in aquatic environments which are the best sources of food, medicine, energy etc. Algae-based bioproducts are popular due to its easily available in nature and are efficient photosynthetic organisms. Therefore, the enhancement of algal biomass is a one the recent issues in recent times. Apart from various key components for...

In the present study, Ceiba pentandra (CP) aqueous leaf extract was used for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs). Techniques like UV-visible spectrophotometer, SEM, EDX, XRD and in vitro antioxidants assay were used to characterize synthesized nanoparticles. UV-Visible spectrophotometer showed absorbance peak at 310 nm. SEM analysis demon...

Algae generally habitat both marine and fresh water bodies and hold the capacity to grow even in non-potable water sources. Due to useful carbohydrate, lipid, protein and significant molecular substrate production, algae are being explored as a possible feedstock for bioproducts including fuel production. But environmental stress such as heavy meta...

Algae generally habitat both marine and fresh water bodies and hold the capacity to grow even in non-potable water sources. Due to useful carbohydrate, lipid, protein and significant molecular substrate production, algae are being explored as a possible feedstock for bioproducts including fuel production. But environmental stress such as heavy meta...

Many factors such as gene flow, genetic drift, migration, natural selection and temporal variation are responsible for the genetic variation in humans. The present pilot study was conducted to screen a random population of 194 female Indian graduate students for 13 different morphogenetic traits i.e., tongue rolling, tongue folding, polydactyly, hi...

Marine fishes serves as an intermediate hosts for many tetraphyllid and trypanorhynchid cestodes whose adults are mostly observed in elasmobranchs. However, a complete information of the life-cycle patterns of the tetraphyllid and trypanorhynchid cestodes are still lacking. Various developmental stages of larval cestodes such as Scolex pleuronectis...

Background Host-parasite interaction studies represent the dependency of the parasites on the host through various models. Gill infesting copepods, monogeneans and isopods served as excellent models to study the details of host-parasite interaction. In the present investigation, Wallago attu (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) was extensively studied for his...

The present investigation aims to know the effects of oxygen scavengers such as sodium sulfite (Na2SO3), sodium bisulfite (NaHSO3), sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4), and sodium metabisulfite (Na2S2O5) on growth and accumulation of biomass (chlorophylls) in green alga Asterarcys quadricellulare (A. quadricellulare). Alga is grown in tris-acetatephosphate...

It is a well-known fact that heavy metal stress is one of the serious threats to agricultural yield. In the present work, heavy metal screening was carried out using chromium (Cr), lead (Pb) and manganese (Mn) independently on finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] seed and seedling growth under in vitro conditions. Adverse effects of chrom...

The Indian bull frog, Hoplobatrachus tigerinus Daudin was found to be parasitized with the digenean, Tremiorchis ranarum Mehra et Negi. During an investigation of helminth parasites of amphibians from several localities of YSR district, Andhra Pradesh, this parasite was recovered from the intestine of the host. The morphological and diagnostic char...

Two new species of Polynemicola Unnithan, 1971 collected from gills of marine threadfin fishes Polydactylus sextarius and Polydactylus plebeius (Polynemidae) from Visakhapatnam coast, India are described. The genus Polynemicola is unique in possessing eversible spiny cirrus. The new species Polynemicola sextariusii was found to possess unique morph...

A parasitic survey was performed during July 2017 to February 2018 to emphasize the prevalence and spatial distribution of ectoparasites in Mystus vittatus from three sampling sites of River Penna flowing through YSR District, Andhra Pradesh by routine parasitological procedures. A total of 238 ectoparasites were obtained from the gills of 70 exami...

ETHICAL ISSUES OF ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION IN INDIA

Three hundred specimens of Hoplobatrachus tigerinus (Daudin, 1803), 133 females and 167 males, collected in YSR Kadapa district, Andhra Pradesh, India, from 2013 to 2015, were examined for the presence of metazoan parasites. One hundred seventy-two (57.3%) frogs were parasitized by at least one or more metazoan parasite species. Nine species of par...

During an inventory of helminth parasites of amphibians from several localities of YSR Kadapa district, Andhra Pradesh, a digenean parasite, Paracephalogonimus minutus Mehra, 1937 was recovered from the intestine of the host, Hoplobatrachus tigerinus of YSR Kadapa District, Andhra Pradesh. This parasite is reported exclusively from turtles and in t...

Background and Objectives: Parasitic communities of Rhizoprionodon acutus were investigated from Nellore Coast (14.43EN 79.97EE), Bay of Bengal during January, 2014 and December, 2015. Special focus was given to helminth infracommunities and effect of host size and sex on its structure. Material and Methods: The parasites obtained from the host sam...

Background and Objective: Circumonchobothrium shindei is Ptychobothriid (Cestode) parasitizing the fresh water spiny eels of the family Mastacembelidae. The main objective of the study is to document the pathological changes induced by the pseudophyllidean cestode, Circumonchobothrium shindei in the intestine of Mastacembelus armatus (M. armatus)....

Background and Objective: Elasmobranchs (Sharks, skates, rays) are frequently available marine fishes which serve as an ideal host for the cestode parasites. Paraorygmatobothrium floraformis (Southwell, 1912) Ruhnke, 2011 is a cestode comprising a ubiquitous and specious genus of elasmobranch parasites. This parasite was isolated from the spiral in...

Background and objective: Fishes of the genus Mystus are the members of Bagridae family which occupy an important place in Godavari fishery. Two commonly available species, Mystus vittatus Bloch, 1800 and Mystus cavasius Hamilton, 1822 of River Godavari, Rajahmundry Andhra Pradesh serve as significant hosts for metazoa\n parasites. The present stu...

A survey has been made on the parasites of Clarias batrachus (Linn.) from the river Godavari, Rajahmundry during August 2005 to September 2007. A total of 108 host fishes were examined during the study period of which 70 were infected with numerous metazoan parasites. A total of 10 species of parasites has been recorded of which 5 are digeneans (Al...

In this study, the structure and diversity of metazoan parasite community and their interactions with 696 Polydactylus sextarius have been studied for two consecutive years 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 from Visakhapatnam (17.67°'N and 83.32°'E), in the coastal zone of Bay of Bengal Andhra Bradesh. Of the 676 host species examined, 563 (83%) hosts were p...

The freshwater eel, Mastacembelus armatus Lacépède, 1800 is often found infected with adults and larval plerocercoids of the cestode, Circumonchobothrium shindei. The population dynamics of C. shindei was studied in the freshwater eel, M. armatus during September 2005 to August 2007 from Godavari River, Rajahmundry. A total of 494 eels were examine...

Freshwater spiny eel, Mastacembelus armatus Lacpéde, 1800 hosts a number of adult parasitic groups and metacercarial stages of avian digenetic trematodes and acts as an intermediate hosts in the completion of life-cycle of these parasites in birds. The fish shows heavy infestations with the larval stages, Tetracotyle metacercaria of Cotylurus speci...

Five species of copepods were obtained during a survey of copepod parasites from Snappers, Lutjanus (Pisces: Lutjanidae) of Visakhapatnam Coast, India. Of these five species, four are redescriptions and one new species is obtained and described in detail. The redescriptions are of (Caligus asperimanus Pearse, 1951; C. Robustus Bassett-Smith, 1898;...

Fishes serve as intermediate hosts to a number of avian digenetic trematodes. A survey on 10 different species of freshwater fishes belonging to 8 families from River Godavari from August 2005 to September 2007 revealed a total of 10 metacercariae of digenetic trematodes from five families i.e., Clinostomidae Lühe, 1901; Diplostomidae Poirier, 1886...

Mastacembelus armatus is considered to be the delicacy of Southern India. Four hundred ninety four specimens of M. armatus collected from river Godavari from August 2005 to September 2007 were analyzed in order to study their metazoan parasite infracommunities. Twelve species of parasites were collected, 6 digenea, 2 cestodes, 1 monogenea, 1 copepo...

A new acanthocephalan of the genus Neoechinorhynchus Hamman, 1892 (Acanthocephala: Neoaechinorhynchoidea Southwell et Macfie, 1925) parasitic on threadfin fish, Leptomelanosoma indicum Shaw, 1804 from Visakhapatnam coast, Andhra Pradesh, India is described. Neoechinorhynchus indicus sp. nov is characterized by an enormous body size, structural char...

A new ergasilid copepod of the genus Neoergasilus Yin, 1956 (Copepoda, Ergasilidae) parasitic on the freshwater spiny eel, Mastacembelus armatus Lacépède, 1800 from the river Godavari, India, is described. Neoergasilus indicus sp. nov. is characterized by an ergasilidiform body and can be differentiated from other species of its genus in having a b...

Macrognathus aculeatus (Bl.) and Mastacembelus pancalus (Lac.) (Family: Mastacembelidae) are considered to be the most delicious fish in Andhra Pradesh due to the tenderness of their muscles. The metacercariae of Clinostomum mastacembeli Jaiswal, 1957 are found infesting the oesophagus of these fishes heavily. During present studies, histopathologi...

A total of 9 metazoan parasitic species were identified from Mystus vittatus (Bloch) in river Godavari during 2005-2007 including 2 monogeneans, 2 digeneans, 3 acanthocephalans and 2 copepods. Two species of monogeneans (Bifurcohaptor indicus and Thaparocleidus tengra), digeneans (Haplorchoides macrones and metacercariae of Isoparorchis hypselobagr...

Polypocephalus visakhapatnamensis sp. nov. has been described from the spiral valves of Himantura uarnak (Forsskål) and Dasyatis(Amphotistius) zugei (Müller & Henle) at Visakhapatnam coast, Bay of Bengal, India. It has been compared with other valid species of the genus Polypocephalus Braun, 1878, and has been characterized in having large body siz...

A new and rare species of Cathetocephalus was collected from the spiral valve of bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas (Valenciennes, 1839) at Visakhapatnam coast. Four parasites were obtained from the host, and were characterized by the presence of characteristic and unique v-shaped scolex with the two arms drawn into thin, narrow and slender ribbon-lik...

A new and rare species of Cathetocephalus was collected from the spiral valve of bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas (Valenciennes, 1839) at Visakhapatnam coast. Four parasites were obtained from the host, and were characterized by the presence of characteristic and unique v-shaped scolex with the two arms drawn into thin, narrow and slender ribbon-lik...