Antony Karelis

Université du Québec à Montréal | UQAM · Department of Exercise Science

BACKGROUND As many as 60% of individuals use a wheelchair long-term after a spinal cord injury (SCI). This mode of locomotion leads to chronic decline in lower-extremity weight-bearing activities and contributes to the development of severe sublesional osteoporosis and high rates of fragility fracture. Overground exoskeleton-assisted walking progra...

It is well established that resistance training increases muscle mass. Indeed, there is evidence to suggest that a single session of resistance training is associated with an increase in muscle protein synthesis in young adults. However, the fundamental mechanisms that are involved in regulating muscle protein turnover rates after an acute bout of...

Cognitive-motor dual-tasking is a complex activity that predicts falls risk and cognitive impairment in older adults. Cognitive and physical training can both lead to improvements in dual-tasking; however, less is known about what mechanisms underlie these changes. To investigate this, 33 healthy older adults were randomized to one of three trainin...

Introduction: Anxiety is the most prevalent mental illness worldwide. Physical activity and mindfulness both reduce anxiety. The two are highly related; however, the relative association of physical activity and mindfulness on anxiety has yet to be examined. The present study aimed to evaluate the unique variance accounted for by physical activity...

Academic performance is influenced by multitude factors. However, little is known about their relative importance and how they evolve over time. The purpose of the present study was to determine the relative importance of cognitive control, physical, psychological and sociological factors as well as lifestyle habits in predicting academic performan...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of 3 recently released wrist-worn devices (Apple Watch 6, Polar Vantage V and Fitbit Sense) for heart rate and energy expenditure during various activities. The study population consisted of 60 young healthy individuals (30 men and 30 women; age: 24.9 ± 3.0 years, BMI: 23.1 ± 2.7 kg/m2). Hea...

Objectives Studies suggest that cognitive training and physical activity can improve age-related deficits in dual-task performances. However, both of these interventions have never been compared in the same study. This paper investigates the improvement in dual-task performance in two types of exercise training groups and a cognitive training group...

Objectives Mobility is a complex but crucial clinical outcome in older adults. Past observational studies have highlighted that cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), energy cost of walking (ECW), and cognitive switching abilities are associated with mobility performance, making these key determinants of mobility intervention targets to enhance mobility...

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle endurance, and test anxiety levels with academic performance in both genders of high school students. Methods: A total of 545 grade nine students (mean age: 14.1 ± 0.4 years old) participated in this study. Final grades in language...

In the general population, there is a popular belief that a vegan diet may be associated with a lower exercise performance due to the lack of certain nutrients in vegan individuals. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to examine endurance and muscle strength differences between vegan and omnivore participants. We studied 56 healthy young lea...

Medium-or long-term intervention strategies for physical activity practice (PAP) need to be more effective in terms of their implementation by practitioners. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of a teacher to implement the Team Pentathlon (TP) in order to improve the PAP in primary children. TP is a health education program made to impr...

Background: In wheelchair users with a spinal cord injury (WUSCI), prolonged non-active sitting time and reduced physical activity-typically linked to this mode of mobility-contribute to the development or exacerbation of cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and endocrine-metabolic health complications that are often linked to increased risks of ch...

Numerous classifications are used to discern metabolically healthy obese (MHO) from metabolically abnormal obese (MAO) individuals. The goal of this study was to compare a single phenotype approach, adiposopathy (i.e., the plasma adiponectin/leptin ratio), with four commonly used classifications (International Diabetes Federation (IDF), Karelis, Ly...

Purpose: Examine the association between physical activity and sedentary time with high sensitivity C-Reactive protein levels in adults with arthritis and fibromyalgia. We also investigated the dose of physical activity that was associated with lower clinical levels of high sensitivity C-Reactive protein (< 3 mg/L). Materials and methods: Observ...

Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine if physical-related factors could predict changes in cognitive control and academic performance in high school students using a longitudinal design. Methods: Overall, 185 students in grades 7-9 (mean age: 13.1 ± 1.0 years old) completed a 3-year prospective study. Physical activity habits (quantity, i...

Motivational theory-based interventions are known to be effective for increasing physical activity (PA) in the general population but their effects in people with severe mental illness are poorly understood. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis on the effect of these interventions on PA and cardiometabolic risk factors. A systematic search of ra...

BACKGROUND In wheelchair users with a spinal cord injury (WUSCI), prolonged non-active sitting time and reduced physical activity—typically linked to this mode of mobility—contribute to the development or exacerbation of cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and endocrine-metabolic health complications that are often linked to increased risks of chro...

Introduction The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between interference control and working memory with academic performance in both female and male high school students using a longitudinal design. Methods One hundred and eighty-seven grade seventh to ninth students (mean age: 13.1 ± 1.0 years old) from a French-Canadian high...

Purpose: While a healthy lifestyle would be an asset to people experiencing psychotic disorders, not all mental health professionals provide counselling regarding healthy behaviours, such as physical activity, healthy nutrition, and tobacco cessation. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the factors associated with healt...

This study aimed to determine if lifestyle habits could predict changes in cognitive control and academic performance in high school students using a longitudinal approach. One hundred and eighty-seven grade seventh to ninth students (mean age: 13.1 ± 1.0 years old) completed a 3-year prospective study. Lifestyle habits, cognitive control, and acad...

INTRODUCTION: Medium or long term intervention strategies on physical activity practice (PAP) need to be more effective in their implementation by practitioners. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of a teacher to implement the Team Pentathlon (TP) in order to improve the PAP in children. METHODS: 203 children (age: 10-13years), grades 5...

Prevention is a better intervention than waiting until the patient is frail. For this reason, it is very important to explain and clarify at a young age the importance of a healthy lifestyle. Fortunately, the beneficial effects of physical activity can be observed at any age. In this chapter, we will be focusing on the causes of frailty, diagnosis,...

Some studies have reported an association between cognitive decline and body composition in older adults. However, the evidence of this association in healthy older adults with the potential effect of sex is unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine if sex moderates the relationship between whole, and regional body composition and global...

Objective: Examine the transversal association between objectively measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (SED-time) with high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) levels in adults with arthritis and fibromyalgia. We also investigated the dose of PA that was associated with lower clinical levels of hsCRP (< 3 mg/L).Design: Observation...

Walking is an effective way to initiate physical activity among individuals with severe mental illness. However, factors related to walking and sedentary behaviours are not well-known in this population. The objective of the present cross-sectional study was to analyze the potential (non)modifiable sociodemographic, anthropometric and sociocognitiv...

Introduction: It is generally accepted that physical activity promotes healthy aging. Recent studies suggest dance could also benefit cognition and physical health in seniors, but many styles and approaches of dance exist and rigorous designs for intervention studies are still scarce. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of Dance/Movem...

Discipline Clinique. Introduction et but de l’étude L’obésité est devenue un grave problème de santé publique, elle atteint maintenant tous les âges et, en particulier, les personnes âgées. Elle cause plusieurs problèmes métaboliques, l’un d’eux, la résistance à l’insuline. L’objectif de l’étude est de déterminer l’effet de l’entraînement en résis...

Physical activity plays an important role for achieving healthy aging by promoting independence and increasing the quality of life. However, current guidelines for physical activity in older adults may be difficult to achieve in an older population. Indeed, there is evidence to suggest that increasing exercise intensity in older adults may be assoc...

Abstract Physical activity has been suggested to reduce the high prevalence of metabolic complications in individuals with psychosis. Although high intensity interval training (HIIT) is efficacious in other populations, it remains poorly studied in psychosis. Methods Randomized controlled study comparing the effects of 6 months HIIT supervised pr...

Both epidemiological studies and randomised controlled trials have shown that meat-eating can be harmful to human health. Meat-eating is also considered to be a moral issue, impacting negatively on the environment and the welfare of animals. To date, very little scientific research has aimed to reduce this dietary behavior. Therefore, the current r...

Background Among adults with psychotic disorders, negative symptoms as unhealthy lifestyle habits contribute to a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome and obesity. Lifestyle interventions, mainly physical activity (PA) has emerged as an essential component. Furthermore, interval training (IT) was found to be efficacious in other populations but po...

Background: For individuals who sustain a complete motor spinal cord injury (SCI) and rely on a wheelchair as their primary mode of locomotion, overground robotic exoskeletons represent a promising solution to stand and walk again. Although overground robotic exoskeletons have gained tremendous attention over the past decade and are now being tran...

Background Group exercise courses are popular among adults, but dropout rates are high. Studies of relationships between participants’ perceptions and their participation might highlight factors to target to improve adherence and re-enrolment. Methods We used a mixed-methods approach to analyse perceptions of group exercise courses and instructors...

The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of high intensity exercise to counteract the deleterious effects of a fast food diet on the cardiometabolic profile of young healthy men. Fifteen men were subjected to an exclusive fast food diet from a popular fast food restaurant chain (three extra value meals/day + optional snack) for 14 consec...

Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical, psychosocial, lifestyle and sociodemographic factors with academic performance in female undergraduate students. Methods One hundred undergraduate female students from the Faculty of Science at the University of Quebec at Montreal participated in this study...

Aim: In mice, osteocalcin (OCN) acts as a bone-derived hormone promoting insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. In that species, OCN endocrine action is inhibited when its first glutamic acid residue (Glu13) is γ-carboxylated (Gla). The importance of this posttranslational modification for OCN function in human is still unclear. Our objectives...

Objective: To examine the effect on body composition and bone mineral density of locomotor training using a robotic exoskeleton in individuals with spinal cord injury. Study design: Interventional study. Subjects/methods: Five adults with a non-progressive traumatic complete sensorimotor spinal cord injury who were using a wheelchair as a prim...

Aim: Prediabetes and type 2 diabetes are highly prevalent among individuals with serious mental illness and increased by antipsychotic medication. Although widely recommended, many obstacles prevent these patients from obtaining a proper screening for dysglycemia. Currently, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting glucose, and 2-hour glucose levels fr...

Health professionals commonly recommend weight loss to individuals with obesity. However, unexpected adverse health effects after a weight-loss program have been reported in several studies. The factors that could explain this phenomenon are currently poorly understood. However, one potential factor that has emerged is persistent organic pollutants...

Obesity and associated metabolic complications, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), are in constant increase around the world. While most obese patients show several metabolic and biometric abnormalities and comorbidities, a subgroup of patients representing 3% to 57% of obese adults, depending on the diagno...

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a punching a punching bag on blood pressure in young adults with elevated blood pressure. METHODS: The study population consisted of 19 young adults (age: 25.2±4.8 years old; body mass index: 24.1±3.3 kg/m²) with elevated blood pressure (≥120 mm Hg). Anthropometric and body composit...

Individuals with schizophrenia have a greater risk for cardiometabolic risk factors (e.g. central obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidaemia), cardiovascular diseases and mortality. This risky profile may be explained by the adverse effects of antipsychotic medications and an unhealthy lifestyle (e.g. smoking, poor nutrition and lo...

Objectives: New-onsetdiabetes after transplant (NODAT) is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease after transplantation. Kidney transplantation (KT) recipients have low levels of exercise capacity. Resistance training (RT) might be of special benefit in this population because underlying disease and immunosuppressive drugs favour muscle loss...

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a 3-day high-carbohydrate diet (≥75% of total calories) on body composition using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Twenty non-obese young men (age 22.7 ± 2.6 years, BMI 23.5 ± 2.1 kg/m(2)) completed the study. Two DXA tests were performed for the measurement of total body weight, body mas...

The purpose of the present study was to examine the energy expenditure during the group resistance training exercise course BodypumpTM in young healthy individuals. The study population consisted of 40 men and women (age: 31.7±5.8 years, body mass index [BMI]: 24±2.6 kg/m2) that performed three 60-min sessions of the group resistance training exerc...

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of a cysteine-rich whey protein (Immunocal®) supplementation in combination with resistance training on muscle strength and lean body mass (LBM) in elderly individuals. We hypothesized that the cysteine-rich whey protein (Immunocal®) group would experience a greater increase in...

This study explores the reliability and validity of the SenseWear Armband and Actical for free-living total energy expenditure, and energy expenditure during rest and light-to-moderate exercises (walking and ergocycling). Twenty adults completed the protocol (age 26.2±3.6 years, BMI 23.1±2.3kg/m(2)). SenseWear Armband and Actical estimates of total...

Obesity is associated with a systemic chronic low grade inflammation that contributes to the development of metabolic disorders such as cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. However, the etiology of this obesity-related proinflammatory process remains unclear. Most studies have focused on adipose tissue dysfunctions and/or insulin resistance...

Background: Both the level of education and functional capacity seems to be associated with the level of physical activity in the elderly. However, the relationship between the level of education and functional capacity in active elderly adults is poorly understood. Objective: To examine the association between the level of education and the functi...

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine the impact of 12 weeks of elliptical high intensity interval training (HIIT) on metabolic risk factors and body composition in pre- and type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: Sixteen pre- (n = 8) and type 2 diabetes (n = 8) participants completed this study. Fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, ant...

A unique subset of obese individuals who appear to be protected from the development of metabolic disturbances has been identified in the medical literature and is termed metabolically healthy but obese (MHO). Part of the issue is that there are no clear accepted criteria on the definition of MHO and the biological mechanisms to explain this phenot...

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess differences in cardiovascular risk and performance of self-care activities in people who rated their diabetes control as good or poor. Methods: A sub-sample of 77 participants who took part in the Evaluation of Diabetes Treatment telephone interview were invited into a clinic to complete a series of labor...

Background: Attitude and Heading Reference Systems’ (AHRS) popularity in biomechanics has been growing rapidly over the past few years. However, the limits of operation and performances of such systems for motion capture are highly dependent upon their conditions of use and the environment they operate in. The objectives of this paper are to: (1) p...

Contexte Plusieurs facteurs augmentent le risque de maladie cardiovasculaire (MCV) chez les individus atteints de schizophrénie dont la génétique, le traitement antipsychotique, le tabagisme, la mauvaise nutrition et l’inactivité physique. Plusieurs protocoles d’évaluation ont été élaborés mais peu définissent de manière précise la stratégie de pri...

Context: Although obesity is strongly linked to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, a subset of obese individuals termed metabolically healthy but obese (MHO) appears relatively protected from the development of cardiometabolic complications. The origins of this metabolically healthy phenotype remain unclear. Recently, persistent organic pollu...

To determine energy expenditure in kilocalories (kcal) during sexual activity in young healthy couples in their natural environment and compare it to a session of endurance exercise. THE STUDY POPULATION CONSISTED OF TWENTY ONE HETEROSEXUAL COUPLES (AGE: 22.6 ± 2.8 years old) from the Montreal region. Free living energy expenditure during sexual ac...

A recent study shows that inflammation could be the underlying factor that determines the differences in metabolic profiles between subgroups of obesity. An improved understanding and characterization of these subgroups should help to develop innovative approaches to treat obesity.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between two different levels of protein intake (0.8 vs.1.2 g/kg body weight/day) with muscle mass and muscle strength. Method: Seventy-two postmenopausal women were recruited. Body composition (bioelectrical impedance analysis), muscle strength (dynamometer), energy meta...

A recent study suggested visceral adipose index (VAI) as an indicator of adipose tissue distribution and function associated with cardiometabolic risk. We aim to examine the association between VAI and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), insulin sensitivity, and a large panel of associated cardiometabolic risk factors, and to determine if changes in VAI...

One of the major challenges in field research has been the difficulty to adequately measure body composition, such as % body fat and fat-free mass (FFM). Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the convergent validity of the portable bioelectrical impedance body composition analyzer, the Inbody 230, with dual X-ray absorptiom...

Objective: To examine the relationship between low muscle strength and the metabolic profile in obese postmenopausal women. Methods: Forty-seven obese postmenopausal women were recruited (age: 60 �+- 5 y; body mass index: 34.1 +-� 3.5 kg/m2). Obesity was defined as a fat mass % >40. Subjects were considered as having low muscle strength levels base...

The purpose of this study was to compare the relationship of several muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness indices with body composition and energy expenditure in obese postmenopausal women. This was a cross-sectional study involving 72 obese postmenopausal women (age: 60.0±4.8 years; body mass index: 34.1±3.5 kg/m2). Muscle strength was de...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between protein intake and dynapenia. A cross-sectional/observational study. Department of Kinanthropology at the University of Quebec at Montreal. Seventy-two non-frail postmenopausal women aged between 50 to 75 years were recruited. Body weight (BW), lean body mass (LBM; %) and skeleta...

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between long sleep duration and functional capacities. We conducted a cross-sectional study at the Department of Kinanthropology at the University of Quebec at Montreal. Forty eight non-frail postmenopausal women aged between 49 to 75 years were recruited using advertisements in local...

Objective The purpose of the present secondary analysis study was to investigate the ability of the body adiposity index (BAI) to detect changes in % body fat levels before and after a weight loss intervention when compared to % body fat levels measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and to examine the relationship between the BAI wit...