Antonio Toscano de Brito

• Doctor of Philosophy
• Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, Sarasota, Florida

A new species of Pabstiella native to the southeastern Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest is described and illustrated. The new species is compared with morphologically similar taxa, and its infrageneric placement is inferred based on morphology. In addition, six species are proposed as synonyms: P. dasilvae [= P. fragae], P. discors [=P. garayi], P. is...

Based on the recent phylogenetic study on Ornithocephalus clade, we propose ten new combinations to include the genus Eloyella in Dunstervillea .

The present work is a taxonomic revision of the Dryadella species of Brazil. Dryadella comprises 61 species, distributed in humid or seasonally humid forests, from Mexico to southern Brazil, most in the Atlantic Rainforest and the Andean forests. We provide morphological descriptions, taxonomic discussions, illustrations, an identification key, new...

Three new species of Pabstiella from Espírito Santo and Bahia in Brazil are described and illustrated, with digital plates, comparative figures, and annotations on their ecology provided. The species are compared with similar taxa, and their phylogenetic placement is hypothesized based on their morphology. In addition, five species are proposed as...

A new combination, Acianthera kautskyi, is proposed. Acianthera sudae is proposed as a new synonym of the former. Acianthera crinita has been shown to be distinct from A. kautskyi. We provide in this article the taxonomic comments, illustrations, and images on these two taxa.

Even though the monophyly of the Ornithocephalus clade (Oncidiinae) is currently well defined, the systematic positioning of Centroglossa and Dunstervillea remains obscure in the clade due to the absence in previous phylogenetic studies. Centroglossa has a very similar habit and is indistinguishable from Zygostates , whereas Dunstervillea has as it...

Dryadella (Orchidaceae, Epidendreae) is a Neotropical genus predominantly distributed in the Andean region and the Atlantic rainforest (ARF). Three species occurring in the Brazilian ARF, Dryadella edwallii, D. wuerstlei, and D. zebrina, are challenge to tell apart due to the overlap of morphological characters that define them, so we considered th...

Octomeria imigiae is proposed as a new species from the Atlantic Rainforest of South Brazil. It is described, illustrated, and compared with sympatric and similar species. An identification key is provided. The new species is recognised by its reptant growth habit and tiny yellow flowers. It is similar to Octomeria chamaeleptotes and several other...

Habenaria longissima , a new species from the H. nuda species complex, is described and illustrated. It is remarkable for the exceptionally long lateral segments of the petals and labellum, which are the longest among Neotropical Habenaria , both in absolute and inproportional terms. Despite the morphological similarity, Bayesian and parsimony phyl...

Pabstiella hileiaensis, a new species of Orchidaceae from southern Bahia in Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to Pabstiella ezechiasi, but can be distinguished by the elliptical leaves, yellow flowers with red to brown veins, petals spatulate, slightly cucullate at the apex, the lip strongly papillose with erect later...

Prior taxonomic studies in subtribe Pleurothallidinae have suggested a close relationship between miscellaneous species featuring long-repent, segmented rhizomes, abbreviated ramicauls, few-flowered inflorescences, and flowers with partially connate sepals and trilobed lip. The lack of phylogenetic information for most species has prevented further...

Pabstiella consists of c. 130 epiphytic species in the Neotropics. We present a phylogenetic analysis based on nrITS, matK and trnH-psbA sequences from 59 species of the genus and 40 Pleurothallidinae and two Laeliinae and one Bletiinae as an outgroup, using maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference and maximum parsimony. We also performed molecular d...

The urge to organise the world around us is an essential part of human nature. Naming and categorising enable us to store and access information ef ciently. The need to name and categorise extends to the natural world and, in particular, to living organisms. The science underpinning this area of knowledge is called Taxonomy, and is as old as humani...

Pabstiella consists of c. 130 epiphytic species in the Neotropics. We present a phylogenetic analysis based on nrITS, matK and trnH-psbA sequences from 59 species of the genus and 40 Pleurothallidinae and two Laeliinae and one Bletiinae as an outgroup, using maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference and maximum parsimony. We also performed molecular d...

The Ornithocephalus clade comprises small epiphytes distributed in 12 genera and c. 120 species. Their flowers have complex structures, the homologies of which are difficult to interpret. Through ontogenetic studies, we identified the origins of the tabula infrastigmatica, floral appendages located in the gynostemium and the labellar callus. Using...

The Ornithocephalus clade comprises small epiphytes distributed in 12 genera and c. 120 species. Their flowers have complex structures, the homologies of which are difficult to interpret. Through ontogenetic studies, we identified the origins of the tabula infrastigmatica, floral appendages located in the gynostemium and the labellar callus. Using...

Resumo Octomeria (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) consiste de cerca de 150 espécies neotropicais, das quais aproximadamente 95 ocorrem no Brasil. Através de consultas a herbários nacionais e estrangeiros, além da realização de trabalho de campo, 21 táxons foram encontrados no Paraná. Octomeria lilliputana revelou-se endêmica para o estado e Octomer...

Octomeria is a well‐represented basal genus in the subtribe Pleurothallidinae, the main myophile group of the Orchidaceae. The systematics of the genus is based in leaf shape and degree of connation of sepals. In this study, we analyse comparatively the flower micromorphology of 15 species through light microscopy, histochemical tests and scanning...

The 18 species accepted as valid for the genus Stelis from the islands of the Antilles, excluding Trinidad and Tobago, are described and illustrated. One new species, S. minima, is proposed, a neotype is selected for Stelis crassifolia, and a lectotype is selected for S. tippenhaueri.

Anathallis (Pleurothallidinae) is a Neotropical orchid genus with over 150 species. Although previous phylogenetic studies suggest the polyphyletism of the genus, there is little information about the group in the literature due to the lack of Anathallis-focused molecular studies and the absence of genomic research in Pleurothallidinae. Here, we se...

Resumo Anathallis compreende cerca de 165 espécies distribuídas no Neotrópico. Através da análise de material depositado em herbários nacionais e estrangeiros e da realização de trabalho de campo, 17 espécies foram identificadas para o estado do Paraná e são atribuídas a quatro grupos informais: “Acuminatae” (Anathallis rubens e A. sclerophylla), “...

The Ornithocephalus clade (OC) consists of small, epiphytic orchids from the Neotropics. Thirty-six species of the OC and ten outgroup taxa were investigated using nrITS sequences analysed using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. Molecular dating, biogeographical analyses and character reconstruction were also performed....

Anathallis luteola is newly described and illustrated from the state of Bahia, northeast Brazil. It is similar to A. guarujaensis from which it can be distinguished by the smaller flowers, the successive two-flowered raceme, and shape of its floral segments. A note on the latter species is also provided.

Four new combinations in Crocodeilanthe (Pleurothallidinae, Orchidaceae) are proposed. A second-step lectotype is selected for Pleurothallis stelidioides and a first-step lectotype for Pseudostelis bradei.

Two new species of Crocodeilanthe, C. dewildei and C. steinbachii, three new species of Masdevallia, M. calochrysos, M. driesseniana and M. rostriflora, and one new species of Pleurothallis, P. amentacea, are described and illustrated.

In the course of preparing a generic treatment of the genus Anathallis for Flora do Paraná, southern Brazil, historical material and literature of several taxa related to Anathallis microphyta have been studied and their morphologies and nomenclature elucidated. Three species and one variety are proposed as synonyms: Anathallis longiglossa, A. micr...

A new species of Zygostates from Cochabamba, Bolivia, is described and illustrated.

During a study to monograph the Barbosella species from Brazil, historical material and protologues of various species were analyzed. Among these, the type material of B. perinii, a name largely overlooked since its publication, was examined. This name is indicated here as a synonym of B. macaheensis. Taxonomical discussions, updated distribution,...

Resumo Zygostates consiste de ca. 26 espécies, das quais 15 ocorrem no Brasil. Através de consultas a herbários nacionais e estrangeiros, além da realização de trabalho de campo, oito espécies de Zygostates foram encontradas no Paraná: Zygostates alleniana, Z. bradei, Z. cornuta, Z. dasyrhiza, Z. lunata, Z. multiflora, Z. pellucida e Z. pustulata....

The genus Centroglossa consists of six species, all endemic to the Atlantic Forest in southern and southeastern Brazil. It was known to occur in the State of Paraná based on three specimens of C. tripollinica collected by the Swedish botanist Per Karl Hjalmar Dusén at the beginning of last century. During recent fieldwork in Brazil, this species wa...

htm>O gênero Ornithocephalus Hook. (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae) nos estados do Paraná e Santa Catarina </htm

Two new species, Pabstiella calimanii and Pabstiella recurviloba, are described and illustrated. One new combination, Pabstiella deltoglossa, is proposed. Eight species and one variety are proposed as synonyms. They are listed in alphabetical order: Pabstiella avenacea, P. leucosepala and Pleurothallis mathildae as synonyms of Pabstiella elegantula...

Two new species, Pabstiella calimanii and Pabstiella recurviloba, are described and illustrated. One new combination, Pabstiella deltoglossa, is proposed. Eight species and one variety are proposed as synonyms. They are listed in alphabetical order: Pabstiella avenacea, P. leucosepala and Pleurothallis mathildae as synonyms of Pabstiella elegantula...

We discuss a group of four species from the Venezuelan Guayana, two of them closely related to Anathallis nanifolia (based on Pleurothallis nanifolia). These two species, Pleurothallis deborana and P. pemonum, were erroneously placed in the synonymy of Anathallis holstii (based on Pleurothallis holstii). We propose new combinations in Anathallis fo...

div class="page" title="Page 1"> Phymatidium glaziovii is proposed as a new synonym for P. geiselii . A lectotype and an epitype are selected for P. geiselii . Illustrations and taxonomic discussions are also provided. </div

In the course of preparing a generic treatment of the genus Stelis for Flora do Parana, southern Brazil, historical material and literature of several taxa related to Stelis ciliaris have been studied and their morphologies and nomenclature elucidated. Stelis leinigii, S. mystax-felis, and Stelis uhlii are herein proposed as new synonyms for Stelis...

One new species in the genus Acianthera, A. imitator, is described and illustrated. Sixteen species are proposed as synonyms. They are listed in alphabetical order: Acianthera gradeae as synonym of A. agathophylla; A. spilantha as synonym of A. breviflora; A. antennata as synonym of A. gracilisepala; A. dichroa as synomym of A. strupifolia; Anathal...

Two new Brazilian species of the orchid genus Acianthera, Acianthera calopedilon and Acianthera cephalopodiglossa, are described and illustrated. The identities of Acianthera bidentula, Acianthera saundersiana, and Acianthera serpentula are discussed. Acianthera velteniana, recently described for Espírito Santo, is placed in the synonymy of Acianth...

A partir de consultas a herbários nacionais e estrangeiros, cinco espécies e duas variedades de Phymatidium Lindl. foram encontradas no Paraná: Phymatidium aquinoi, P. delicatulum, P. delicatulum var. curvisepalum, P. falcifolium, P. hysteranthum, P. microphyllum e P. microphyllum var. herteri. O gênero é registrado em 35 dos 399 municípios paranae...

Based on the study of material in Brazilian and foreign herbaria, five species and two varieties of Phymatidium are recognized for Paraná state: Phymatidium aquinoi, P. delicatulum, P. delicatulum var. curvisepalum, P. falcifolium, P. hysteranthum, P. microphyllum and P. microphyllum var. herteri. The genus is recorded in 35 of the 399 municipaliti...

Lectotypifications are proposed for two obscure names published by the Brazilian botanist João Barbosa Rodrigues: Aristholochia alpestris and Monostychosepalum monanthum.

Pabstiella pleurothalloides, recently considered a synonym of Pabstiella campestris, is here recognized as a distinct species. Pleurothallis mouraeoides is proposed as synonym of Pabstiella campestris and Pleurothallis pfisteri as a synonym of Pabstiella pleurothalloides. Pabstiella varellae, previously described as Pleurothallis mouraeoides var. r...

We document an orchid species not previously reported or illustrated for the flora of Venezuela, Veyretia szlachetkoana, collected in the context of the project ″Flora de orquĺdeas de los estados Amazonas y Bolivar, Venezuela. ″ The genus Veyretia is briefly discussed, herbarium specimens of V. szlachetkoana are cited, and field diagnostic characte...

A new species of Zygostates Lindl. (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae), Z. chaparensis Toscano & R. Vásquez, from Bolivia is described and illustrated, and a new combination, Z. nectarifera (Senghas) Toscano, is proposed.

In preparation for a series of publications on the pleurothallid genera of Brazil, twenty-four new species have been discovered. They are described and illustrated here. Two new species, Acianthera klingelfusii and Anathallis johnsonii, are described for Argentina, the former also occurring in Brazil. The other 22 species are exclusively Brazilian...

A new species of Ornithocephalus (Orchidaceae, Oncidiinae) from southern Venezuela is described and illustrated. It is similar to Ornithocephalus gladiatus from which it can be distinguished by the shape of the lip and the lip callus.

Previously unpublished paintings of Brazilian orchids by Barbosa Rodrigues are to be restored and published as Iconographie des Orchidées du Brésil.

A new species of Zygostates Lindl. from Paraíba, northeast Brazil, is described and illustrated.

A new species of Zygostates Lindl. from Bolivia is described and illustrated, and a new combination in Ornithocephalus Hook is proposed.

A taxonomic revision of the genus Phymatidium Lindl. is presented. Ten species and two varieties are recognised. One species, P. glaziovii Toscano, and one variety, P. delicatum van curvisepalum Toscano, are newly described. A key to species and varieties is presented. Each species and variety is described and illustrated, and history and synonymy...

A Chapada Diamantina localiza-se na porção norte da Cadeia do Espinhaço, tendo como vegetação típica os campos rupestres, mas ocorrendo também em matas de galeria, cerrado e caatinga, possuindo elevado grau de endemismo. O gênero Bulbophyllum Thouars é um dos maiores da família Orchidaceae com aproximadamente 1.200 espécies. No Brasil são reconheci...

Whilst preparing a floristic study of the Orchidaceae subtribe Spiranthinae Lindl. for the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil, a new species of Sarcoglottis Presl was discovered; Sarcoglottis riocontensis is described and illustrated. © The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 2004.

One species of Dryadella and nine species of Pleurothallis from Brazil are described and illustrated.

A new species of Zygostates Lindl. (Orchidaceae) from Espirito Santo in Brazil is described.

In a leaf flavonoid survey of 15 Brazilian orchid species from the subtribe Ornithocephalinae, flavone C-glycosides were found to be the major constituents in all except two Ornithocephalus taxa. In Zygostates cornuta a rare glycoside, apigenin 7,4'-dimethyl ether 6-C-glucoside-2"-O-rhamnoside, was identified. This also occurred in Z. alleniana, Z....

Two new species of Habenaria Willd. from Bahia, Brazil, are described here for the first time.