António Cardoso Marques

• Full Professor
• Professor (Full) at University of Beira Interior

In the ongoing energy transition, characterized by the electrification of economies and the integration of renewable energy sources – particularly intermittent ones – the concept of energy flexibility has emerged as a cornerstone for achieving a fair and just energy transition. This conference provides a unique platform to explore the dynamics betw...

By resorting to carbon leakage, developed countries can maintain their position as leaders in climate action, but they are indirectly polluting through the consumption of imported manufactured goods. Therefore, using production-based environmental indicators may not capture carbon leakage and, consequently, control it. To overcome this limitation,...

Globalization, although beneficial in spreading knowledge and improving green technologies worldwide, is also considered one of the main drivers of global warming. Recent world events, such as the pandemic, with all its economic and social consequences, have exposed the external dependence of many countries, particularly the reliance of many develo...

Sustainable development requires high investment, and developing economies need external aid to afford it. Developed economies are committed to providing financial support to fight climate change to those with fewer resources suffering the severest consequences. Climate finance consists of financial activities focusing on mitigating and adapting to...

The transfer of polluting industries from developed to developing countries and the often-detrimental effects this has on meeting sustainable development goals is well documented, but an analysis of the underlying reasons for this transfer has not been widely examined in the literature. This study seeks to analyse the complexity of Foreign Direct I...

In this new era of energy transition, access to reliable and correctly functioning electricity markets is a huge concern for all economies. The restructuring path taken by most electricity markets involves the movement towards green generation structures and the increasing integration of wind and solar photovoltaic energy sources. Furthermore, it i...

Developed and developing countries have made remarkable efforts to address climate action. However, some developing countries have hung on to their comparative advantage in the polluting production of goods. By applying game theory, specifically a dynamic game with incomplete information, this study examines how the transfer of polluting industries...

The demand for food has been increasing throughout the years, with notable preferences for animal-based foods. Considering the impact of the excessive animal-based consumption on the environment and public health, international organisations and the scientific literature have advised for a large-scale transition towards healthier and more sustainab...

The access that households have to various forms of energy depends on their level of urbanisation, which leads to distinct preferences in the forms of energy they consume. Consequently, different forms of residential energy consumption should have different impacts on energy poverty, when analysed for each degree of urbanisation. Verifying this was...

Plant-based diets are often promoted as healthier and more sustainable and thus as a mechanism to achieve the targets proposed to mitigate climate change and noncommunicable diseases. However, plant-based diets can be perceived as more expensive than the common omnivorous diets, when considering the expensive novel meat substitutes and also the hig...

Environmental changes based on factors like urbanization, population, economic growth, increase in energy consumption, and agricultural intensification are never far from the top of any agenda. The topics of environmental degradation and climate change cannot be confined to a single country or region but need to be addressed on a global scale. If t...

Electricity markets are becoming increasingly interconnected, in part, to deal with unpredictability and imbalances in electricity prices. This paper assesses how electricity flows and generation from wind and solar photovoltaic (PV) power impact the volatility and mean of day-ahead electricity prices in Spain. It finds there is a meritorder effect...

The adoption of a circular economy is a promising approach to reducing the urgent problem of overexploiting natural resources. A major aspect of this problem is the creation of excessive waste. However, the literature lacks knowledge on monitoring the progress towards circularity. This paper fills in the gap, by assessing the municipal waste perfor...

Developed countries have the resources/technologies to combat pollution even at the expense of economic growth. Developing countries are in a less fortunate position. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) can be a tool for developed countries to transfer polluting industries, which increases pollution in host countries. However, as FDI might reduce pollu...

International Journal of the Energy-Growth Nexus (IJEGN): The energy-growth nexus is a major field of energy economics and econometrics that informs the transition to green energies, which must happen at a pace that will not retard economic growth. The energy-growth nexus can contribute tremendously to government energy policies and energy company...

Are developed countries willing to compromise economic growth to preserve the environment? One observes some signals in that direction, but this appears more challenging for developing countries. The relocation of polluting industries via Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) can be a strategy adopted to avoid stricter environmental regulations. FDI migh...

This research proposes a new system that classifies electricity demand in both levels and time periods and uses intraday data to provide a deeper understanding and inform the design of appropriate demand-side management measures. This classification divides the day into three periods with contrasting electricity demand levels; two with peaks, 6:15...

The effects that the Latin America and Caribbean capital stock (public and private) had on the income inequality levels of 18 countries from this region were analysed, over a period ranging from 1995 to 2017, recurring to an autoregressive distributed lag model in the form of an unrestricted error correction model. The results from the three models...

A paradigm shift from a linear economy to a circular economy is crucial to reduce pressure on the environment and to improve the security of supply of primary raw materials. Under this new paradigm, governed by the imperatives of “reduce, reuse, and recycle”, the extraction of primary resources is minimised by extending the useful life of existing...

The quest for safe energy in the EU has increasingly led to a policy of zero nuclear power and a shift towards renewable sources. The phasing out of nuclear power is being carefully undertaken, so as not create negative externalities, even though not all countries are ready to make this move, and despite the valuable role nuclear energy can play in...

Using an ARDL model for a panel of 15 OECD countries, this work analyses the impact that FDI, both jointly and by sector, has on CO2 emissions. The findings reveal that these countries are yielding to the pressure on the trade sector. Unexpectedly, gross fixed capital formation shrink pollution, excluding in the mining sector. With findings support...

Within the context of globalization, sustainable development is an issue which is frequently deliberated over by policymakers, both locally and globally. A challenge surfaces as to how to grow economies sustainably and efficiently. With this in mind, a question arises: Can globalization promote sustainable development and energy efficiency? The mai...

The sustainable development agenda has been driving the global debate on environmental policy for several years now. Developed countries have stricter environmental controls and are under pressure from international agencies to cut pollution. However, many of these countries have been accused of using Foreign Direct Investment to shift their enviro...

Electricity interconnections have become increasingly common as a means of integrating electricity markets, expediting the exchange of electricity, and thereby creating balanced electricity systems. These interconnections also facilitate the incorporation of intermittent renewable energy sources, ensuring greater energy security and reliability in...

This paper aims to extend the literature on the impacts of China’s policies on the world energy-growth nexus by analyzing the spillover effects of financial development and CO2 emissions. An autoregressive distributed lag approach was applied to annual series data from 1977 to 2016. Models for four world regions were developed, as well as a global...

An energy transition is currently underway around the world, in response to the objectives laid out by international agreements. Since the Kyoto protocol and the Paris agreement, countries have been making considerable efforts to replace fossil fuels with alternative sources in the electricity generation mix. The energy transition of each country d...

The increase in human-induced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions released into the atmosphere is one of the biggest concerns around the globe. The waste sector contributes significantly to this verified increase in emissions, not only because of the quantity of waste generated, but also because of waste treatment, a highly polluting process. To deal wi...

Given the impact of food consumption on climate change and the scarcity of natural resources, along with its effect on public health, a new dietary transition away from environmentally burdensome and unhealthy foods is needed. To promote such a transition in the dietary habits of consumers, it is crucial to understand what motivates their consumpti...

When Foreign Direct Investment increases pollution in the recipient country, is there always the transfer of polluting industries, or could that pollution be related to the energy transition of the recipient country? 15 OECD countries were analysed from 2005 to 2018 by conducting a Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag model. The findings reveal tha...

In the context of globalisation, is a country’s level of development an obstacle to its environmental performance? The main objective of this research is to identify the role played in the environmental performance of countries with different levels of development, globalisation, and environmental regulation, by the three dimensions and two new mea...

The impacts of the tourism sector on the overall eco-efficiency of 22 Latin America and Caribbean countries from 1995 to 2016 were examined. A Data Envelopment Analysis was used to calculate the overall eco-efficiency of each country (considering the CO2 emissions as the input and the GDP as the output). Posteriorly, a Panel Autoregressive Distribu...

Environmental protection should be a primary factor in the evolution of the dominant transportation energy paradigm. This paper takes a fresh approach to this issue by analysing the relationship between conventional and alternative energy sources in transportation, economic growth and emissions. This is a previously unexplored topic in literature,...

Can globalisation and foreign direct investment shape sustainable development? Foreign direct investment is one of the main drivers for the transfer of polluting industries. With this in mind, the main objective of this research is to identify the role played by foreign direct investment (flow and stock), globalisation (de jure and de facto), corru...

Achieving sustainable development while avoiding further environmental degradation is a crucial challenge faced by society today. The African countries in this study have shown considerable growth, but still face various barriers to comply with international environmental agreements. This paper analyses the effect of globalisation and corruption on...

There is no doubt that economic growth is one of the main drivers of pollution. Climate change, caused by increased emissions, has harmful and irreversible effects on economies as a whole. This paper intends to contribute to the current debate on the factors that help reduce emissions, by presenting empirical evidence on the role of environmental r...

With the growing population and increasing purchasing power, the sustainability of the food sector is questioned as environmental externalities derive from consumption, mainly the emission of greenhouse gases, which contribute to climate change. Academic literature has suggested strategies to efficiently manage food consumption, but one of the main...

In an era of globalization, climate change is considered a huge threat to humanity. With this in mind, and while countries continue to seek economic growth, the question arises: what are the repercussions of globalization on the environment? Through an analysis of the relationship between economic development and environmental degradation, assessin...

This paper seeks to analyse the adoption of Energy Efficiency Measures in non-residential buildings. Based on the concepts of agency theory and absorptive capacity, the propensity of Micro-, Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises in Portugal to adopt energy efficiency in lighting, insulation, and the replacement and operation of heating, was evaluated...

This study investigates the relationship between wholesale electricity price behaviour and the integration of new renewable energy sources in the electricity system in Portugal. The research analyses two different samples, namely: the significant deployment of wind power versus the abrupt increase in the installed capacity of solar photovoltaic. Da...

In this study, we analysed the role of public and private capital stock in the energy intensity of 21 Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries from 1970 to 2014. The empirical analysis of this study was based on three methodologies, namely: 1) the panel autoregressive distributed lag (P-ARDL) model; 2) the log t regression test method and the c...

In this study, we analysed the relationship between public capital stock, private capital stock and economic growth for a group of 30 Latin American and Caribbean countries from 1970 to 2014. To achieve our goals, the panel vector autoregression methodology, panel dynamic ordinary least squares and panel fully modified ordinary least squares estima...

The transportation sector represents an important barrier to decarbonising economies. The introduction of electric vehicles seems to be a promising solution; however, the intensive use of such vehicles remains a challenge for economies. By using the two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method, this paper aims to provide useful insights to enla...

Besides bringing countries closer, the effects of globalization can help increase the production of goods and services, and foster economic growth. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is one of the processes of globalization. One aspect of globalization that has piqued the interest of economists, is the transfer of polluting industries between countrie...

This research proves, using daily data, that net demand has a higher impact on the German wholesale market price than the traditional concept of electricity demand. The aim of this paper is to develop a broader framework for the design of new tariffs for German consumers, taking net demand as its primary reference. To accomplish this, a classificat...

This paper introduces an innovative line of study to the current literature, by assessing the interactions, in France, between electricity sources, and periods with differing electricity consumption; namely morning off-peak, morning peak, middle off-peak, and night peak, using high-frequency data, specifically, daily data. This paper also analyses...

In this study, we analysed the effects that the Latin America and Caribbean capital stock (public and private) had on the income inequality levels of 18 countries from this region, over a time span ranging from 1995 to 2017. To achieve the goals of this investigation, the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model in the form of an unrestricted er...

An extensive decomposition analysis was used to research the primary driving forces behind energy-related carbon dioxide emissions per capita for the period 1993 to 2017 in a panel of South American countries. Evidence was found that the effect of per capita renewable productivity was challenging and compromised in South Latin American countries. D...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to focus on global energy consumption using the economic growth nexus, the prevalent energy hypothesis at a global level and the impact of the main historical events assessed for the period from 1965 to 2015. Design/methodology/approach Given the confirmed presence of endogeneity and cointegration between energ...

The impact of China’s financial openness and economic growth on consumption of fossil fuels was analyzed for a panel of ten Latin American countries, throughout thirtyfour years (from 1980 to 2014). An Autoregressive Distributed Lag in the form of Unrestricted Error Correction Model was used as the chosen econometric methodology. The results showed...

This study examines the impacts of globalization and economic freedom on the economic growth of a group of 24 developing countries from the Latin America and Caribbean over a time span ranging from 1995 to 2015. We have constructed two models, one with the globalization’s overall value and another with the political, social and economic dimensions...

Globalization as a mechanism to connect people at distance and share knowledge has been flourishing. Simultaneously, environmental degradation has been increasing, as reflected in global warming. Through three dimensions, the economic, the social and political, and two measures, de jure and de facto, this study provides a disaggregated analysis of...

We investigate the relationship between electricity generated in the waste sector and landfill, GHG emissions generated by waste disposal, the renewable energy consumption in the waste sector, Gross Domestic Product per capita, and the domestic material consumption (fossil energy materials), in the EU-15 countries, over the period from 2001 to 2017...

This work proposes a new Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis by considering the economic diversification in the analysis between economic growth and carbon emissions for a set of 9 OPEC countries in the period 1974 - 2016. To study the relationship between environmental degradation and/or improvement and economic growth, we propose to eval...

This study focuses on the natural gas-economic growth nexus and intends to test the hypothesis of the “resource curse”. Panel data techniques were applied to investigate the role of natural gas in economic growth for 25 producers of natural gas, from 1993 to 2015. Three different approaches were used and compared to test the “resource curse” hypoth...

The per capita primary energy consumption-economic growth nexus is examined in a panel of oil-producing countries over a long period (1970-2015), controlling for the exports of goods and services, the ratio of oil production to oil consumption, the oil rents, and international crude oil prices. It is confirmed that these countries share common spat...

It can be said that economic growth, providing it ensures a clean and safe environment, is one of the main objectives of many countries. With this in mind, an important question needs to be asked; what is the relationship between energy efficiency and economic growth? This can only be answered through an empirical analysis. By carrying out such an...

The Portuguese and the Spanish electricity generation systems are analysed in this paper. The Iberian market has been isolated and has an increasing proportion of renewable sources. The main objective of this study is to understand how electricity generation sources are interacting with electricity wholesale prices. The VAR approach was used becaus...

Academic literature has reflected increasing concerns about the trade-off between preserving the environment and economic growth. To address these concerns, new measurements are needed to evaluate sustainable development, given the limitations of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in quantifying welfare and sustainability. Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI...

This presentation is about the relocation of polluting industries to countries with less severe environmental regulations regarding the carbon dioxide emissions targets. In this work we use an application with game theory to simulate alternative scenarios that could make it possible to reverse the Pollution Haven Hypothesis. One concludes that the...

Australia has celebrated twenty-six consecutive years of economic growth without a recession. Simultaneously, it is one of the ten largest emitters of greenhouse gases (GHG). This paper employed the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index method to provide evidence of the effect of decoupling economic growth from GHG emissions for all Australian sectors and...

The impact of fiscal and financial incentive policies for renewable energy on CO2 emissions was examined in twelve Latin American countries over the period of 1980-2014. The ARDL model in the form of UECM was computed. The outcomes of preliminary tests proved the presence of low-multicollinearity, cross-section dependence, the unit roots in the var...

The relationship between financial openness, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, CO2 emissions, and economic growth was examined in twelve Latin American countries over the period of 1980 to 2014. The panel vector auto regression (PVAR) model was used. The preliminary tests showed the presence of a high correlation between the consumpti...

In a context of energy transition, the objectives of both economic growth and sustainability are increasingly influenced by political agendas worldwide. Assuming that growth and sustainability may be divergent, the question of how they are measured arises. Therefore this chapter considers two different approaches: the economic growth approach, usin...

The Extended Energy-Growth Nexus: Theory and Empirical Applications advances the established bivariate econometric relationship which inextricably links energy consumption to economic growth. The book extends this "nexus" to accommodate variables such as globalization, institutional variables, financial variables and the energy "mix." Rooted firmly...

The design of energy policies, particularly those focused on supporting renewable energy sources, is crucial for facing the major challenges of combining economic growth and sustainable development. This paper focuses on forty-six countries across the world, in three datasets of Global, European, and OECD countries. The timespan under analysis runs...

In this presentation, we analysed the relationship between public capital stock, private capital stock, and economic growth for a group of 30 Latin America and Caribbean countries from 1970 to 2014. To achieve our goals the panel vector autoregression (PVAR) methodology, and the panel dynamic ordinary least squares (PDOLS), and the panel fully modi...

This article focuses on the analysis of the main determinant drivers of CO2 emission changes together with the state of decoupling for a set of six Central American countries: El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua and Panama, in four 5-year time-spans, between the years of 1994-2014. To accomplish the first objective proposed, initial...

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact that variables such as waste disposed by Landfill, Renewable Energy extracted from waste and Electricity generated from waste have on the score for Eco-efficiency for a set of European countries (EU15) for the period between 2001 and 2015. Eco-efficiency is measured by using the ratio of the GDP p...

The global warming is considered a huge threat for humanity, and for several years, economic growth was considered the main cause for environmental degradation. However, in the reality of an era of globalization and with an increasing economic activity what are the consequences on environment? The present analysis intends to show the effect of glob...