Antonio García-Hermoso

Public University of Navarre | UPNA · Department of Health Sciences

Aims This study sought to elucidate the interactions among physical activity (PA) patterns, mean glucose concentrations, and the incidence of nocturnal hypoglycemia events in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes, examining the moderating influence of daily dosage on these associations. Methods Eighty-two participants aged 6 to 18 years (4...

The available evidence on the impact of specific non-pharmacological interventions on glycaemic control is currently limited. Consequently, there is a need to determine which interventions could provide the most significant benefits for the metabolic health of young individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to identify op...

Introduction The use of new technologies presents an opportunity to promote physical activity, especially among young people with type 1 diabetes (T1DM), who tend to be less active compared to their healthy counterparts. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of a personalized resistance exercise program, facilitated by the Diactive-1 A...

Aims: To conduct a meta-analysis of differences in physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and physical fitness between children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes and their healthy peers. Methods: The databases EMBASE, PubMed and SportsDiscus were searched for studies. Pooled effects were calculated using random effects inverse-variance model...

Background: Scientific literature suggests poor glycemic control in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and physical inactivity, sedentary behavior and low physical fitness levels, although results are not entirely consistent. Objective To meta-analyze the association between glycated hemoglobin and physical activity, sedentary behavior, and physical...

Objective This study aimed to explore the association between handgrip strength, cardiometabolic risk (CMR) and body composition in youth with type 1 diabetes. Methods For this prospective cohort study, muscular fitness was assessed via handgrip test and relativised by weight, and body composition, evaluated through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometr...

BACKGROUND: In type 1 diabetes, telomere length (TL) may predict complications and could be influenced by glycaemic control and physical activity, but its relationship with physical fitness in youths remains unexplored. The aim of the study was to assess the association between physical fitness and TL in youth with type 1 diabetes, both at baseline an...

To our knowledge, no systematic review with meta-analysis has separately synthesized the effects of Mediterranean diet-based interventions in children and adolescents in relation to the effects on anthropometric measures. A better understanding of the effects of Mediterranean diet-based interventions on anthropometric variables could facilitate the...

Background Teachers are recognized as ‘key agents’ for the delivery of physical activity programs and policies in schools. The aim of our study was to develop and evaluate a tool to assess teachers’ capability, opportunity, and motivation to deliver school-based physical activity interventions. Methods The development and evaluation of the Capabil...

This chapter highlights the crucial importance of recessing during a child’s school day, providing a necessary break from the structured academic environment. The specific benefits of recess are explored, such as its positive influence on physical activity (PA), body mass index, academic performance, and socioemotional health, underscoring the need...

Importance No prior systematic review and meta-analysis has specifically verified the association of Mediterranean diet (MedDiet)–based interventions with biomarkers of cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents. Objective To review and analyze the randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that assessed the effects of MedDiet-based interventions o...

Background & aims: The utilization of non-invasive techniques for liver fibrosis and steatosis assessment has gained acceptance as a viable substitute for liver biopsy in clinical practice. This study aimed to establish normative data for the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by age and gender, as well as...

Surveillance of health-related physical fitness can improve decision-making and intervention strategies promoting health for children and adolescents. However, no study has comprehensively analyzed surveillance/monitoring systems for physical fitness globally. This review sought to address this gap by identifying: (1) national-level surveillance/mo...

Background Meeting 24-hour movement behaviors (24-HMB: physical activity [PA], screen time [ST], and sleep [SL]) recommendations may be associated with positive health outcomes among youth with specific mental, behavioral, and neurodevelopmental (MBD) conditions. However, temporal trends and disparities in meeting 24-HMB guidelines in these higher-...

Aim To determine the prevalence of adolescents who meet muscle‐strengthening activities (MSA) recommendation and their associations with anthropometric variables, physical fitness, and lifestyle behaviours in a sample of Spanish adolescents aged 12–17 years. Methods This was a cross‐sectional study using data from The Eating Healthy and Daily Life...

Aims The aim of this study was to determine the global incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children and adolescents under 20 years of age from 2000 to 2022. Materials and Methods Two reviewers searched three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL) for studies published between January 2000 and November 2022. Pooled es...

Background: Accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques is one of the main features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Physical performance has been related to dementia risk and Aβ, and it has been hypothesized as one of the mechanisms leading to greater accumulation of Aβ. Yet, no evidence synthesis has been performed in humans. Objective: To investigate...

Importance Although benefits have been reported for most exercise modalities, the most effective exercise approaches for reducing insulin resistance in children and adolescents with excess weight and the optimal exercise dose remain unknown. Objective To compare exercise training modalities and their association with changes in insulin resistance...

Most of the evidence on physical activity for maintaining a healthy weight in adolescents is based solely on aerobic physical activity alone, with little attention given to the muscle strength component. This study aimed to investigate the associations between aerobic activities and muscle‐strengthening activities (MSA) and overweight/obesity among...

Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between meeting all three 24-hour movement recommendations (i.e., physical activity, sleep duration, and screen time) and obesity-related indicators among young people. Methods: Four databases were systematically searched (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library). Results: Mee...

Context: Despite the large number of studies published to date, the effect of lifestyle-based interventions on improving adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) in young people has not been meta-analyzed. Objective: The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was two-fold: (1) to determine the pooled intervention effects of...

Background: There has been an increase in the number of studies examining the effect of acute and chronic physical activity on academic outcomes in children and adolescents in the last two decades. We aimed to systematically determine the acute effects of physical activity on academic outcomes in school-aged youth and to examine possible moderator...

Context: Physical activity (PA) interventions improve well-being and positive mental health in children and adolescents, but the results of previous systematic reviews included participants with chronic medical conditions and did not accurately assess the multidimensional nature of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Objective: The aims of t...

Purpose: Hip fracture is a public health problem worldwide. Traditional prognostic models do not include blood biomarkers, such as those obtained by proteomics. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between serum inflammatory biomarkers and frailty in older adults with hip fracture as well as adverse outcomes at one and three months af...

Quantitative diagnostic ultrasound has been proposed as a way to characterize muscle structure, but there is a lack of normative data for children. This study aims to establish age-specific normal ranges for echo-intensity (EI), cross-sectional area (CSA), muscular thickness (MT), and subcutaneous adipose thickness (SAT) values of the rectus femori...

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between participation in physical education lessons (PELs), i.e., minutes or frequency per week, and meeting the 24-hour movement guidelines (i.e., physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration) during adolescence (12-17 years old) and adulthood (33-39 years old). Methods: We analyzed data from indiv...

Objective To analyze the contribution of active commuting to and from school (ACS) to device‐measured light physical activity (LPA) and moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels in young people aged 6 to 18 years old, as well as, in both trip directions (i.e., home‐school, school‐home). Methods This systematic review was conducted accor...

Aquesta Guia pràctica per al desenvolupament de competències emocionals a través de l’activitat física i l’esport pretén donar eines al personal esportiu i altres professionals relacionats amb l’atenció a la infància i l’adolescència per tal de fomentar, a través de l’activitat física i l’esport, l’adquisició d’algunes de les competències emocional...

Background The primary aim of our systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effect of resistance training on academic outcomes in school-aged youth. Methods We conducted a systematic search of six electronic databases (CINAHL Complete, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, Ovid MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus and EMBASE) with no date restrictions. Studies were...

Background: The World Health Organization proposed the concept of intrinsic capacity (IC; the composite of all the physical and mental capacities of the individual) as central for healthy ageing. However, little research has investigated the interaction and joint associations of IC with cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and CVD mortality in m...

No study has examined the potential moderating role of recreational substance use in the relationship between the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and academic performance. The aim of this study was to test the potential moderating role of recreational substance use (i.e., alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis) in the association of adherence to the MedDiet w...

Background: No prior research has investigated how exposure to environmental tobacco smoke is related to the combination of 24-h movement behaviors among young populations thus far. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between exposure to secondhand smoke and the 24-h movement guidelines. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study...

Background: No prior research has investigated how exposure to environmental tobacco smoke is related to the combination of 24-h movement behaviors among young populations thus far. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between exposure to secondhand smoke and the 24-h movement guidelines. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study us...

Physical fitness is a key marker of health, not only in adulthood but also in childhood and adolescence. Ensuring and monitoring physical fitness during the first years of life should be regarded as one aspect of primary prevention and health promotion. It is considered one of the foundations of an active lifestyle later in life and its levels will...

Delirium is a neuropsychiatric syndrome associated with increased morbidity and mortality in older patients. The aim of this study was to review predictive biomarkers of delirium in older patients to gain insights into the pathophysiology of this syndrome and provide guidance for future studies. Two authors independently and systematically searched...

Background: To estimate the prevalence of different physical activity (PA) domains and sitting time (ST), and to analyze the association with sociodemographic indicators. Methods: Data from the most recent nationally representative survey from each of the South American countries, comprising 155,790 adults (18-64 y), were used. Data on leisure-t...

Objective: The objective of this paper is to describe the protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) that will evaluate the effects of a lifestyle-based intervention. The Archena Infancia Saludable project will have several objectives. The primary objective of this project is to determine the 6-month effects of a lifestyle-based interv...

Studies on fear of hypoglycemia as a barrier to physical activity among youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have been limited and controversial, most of which used self‐reported assessment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between fear of hypoglycemia and physical activity and glycemic metrics in children and adolescents with T1D....

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Spanish Perceived Physical Literacy Instrument (S-PPLI) questionnaire in Spanish adolescents. Method: The participants of this study were 360 Spanish adolescents (aged 12-17 years) from three secondary schools in the Region of Murcia (Spain). A cultural adaptatio...

The World Health Organization (WHO) introduced a framework for healthy aging in 2015 that emphasizes functional ability instead of absence of disease. Healthy ageing is defined as "the process of building and maintaining the functional ability that enables well-being". This framework considers an individual's intrinsic capacity (IC), environment, a...

To our knowledge, no systematic review with meta-analysis has separately synthesized the effects of Mediterranean diet-based interventions in children and adolescents in relation to effects on anthropometric measures. A better understanding of the effects of Mediterranean diet-based interventions on anthropometric variables could facilitate their i...

Background: Physical inactivity, excessive sedentary time and lack of sleep time have been independently associated with lower health-related physical fitness. However, little is known about the combined association between 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (i.e., physical activity, recreational screen time and sleep duration) and components of physical...

Background: This study aimed to provide population norms among children and adolescents in Chile using the EQ-5D-Y-3L questionnaire and to examine its feasibility and validity among body weight statuses. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in which 2204 children and adolescents (aged 8-18 years) from Chile completed a set of questionnaires...

Importance The 5-item Sick, Control, One, Fat, Food (SCOFF) questionnaire is the most widely used screening measure for eating disorders. However, no previous systematic review and meta-analysis determined the proportion of disordered eating among children and adolescents. Objective To establish the proportion among children and adolescents of dis...

The aim of the present study was two‐fold: first, to determine the meeting all three 24‐h movement guidelines in Colombian preschool‐aged children, and second, to explore the associations between different socio‐ecological correlates and the meeting of these guidelines. This was a cross‐sectional study of data from the Encuesta Nacional de Situació...

Exercise intolerance remains a major unmet medical need in patients with heart failure (HF). Skeletal myopathy is currently considered as the major limiting factor for exercise capacity in HF patients. On the other hand, emerging evidence suggest that physical exercise can decrease morbidity and mortality in HF patients. Therefore, mechanistic insi...

To determine the association between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines during adolescence with obesity at adulthood 14 years later in a nationally representative cohort. We analyzed data from 6984 individuals who participated in Waves I (1994–1995) and IV (2008–2009) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) in th...

Aims/hypothesis This study sought to provide up-to-date pooled global estimates of diabetes-related amputation incidence from 2010 to 2020. Methods Embase and Medline databases were searched for studies reporting the incidence rate (IR) of diabetes-related amputations from 2010 to 2020. IR estimates of diabetes-related amputations with associated...

Objective To estimate the global prevalence of meeting the WHO guidelines for both aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities (MSA) in populations aged ≥5 years, and whenever possible to explore this prevalence according to sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Design A systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources Five databases were syst...

In the absence of medical contraindications, physical activity (PA) can offer health maternal and fetal health outcomes during pregnancy. However, most pregnant women may not consider PA to be feasible, suitable and safe. Hence, it is essential to determine the prevalence of pregnant women who meet the PA recommendations and the possible factors as...

Background: Delirium is a common and severe neuropsychiatric syndrome associated with increased morbidity and mortality in older patients. The aim of this study was to identify predictive biomarkers of delirium in older patients through a systematic review and metaanalysis. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of literature published up to Au...

Background This study investigates the effects of exercise training on exerkines in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to determine the optimal exercise prescription. Methods A systematic search for relevant studies was performed in 3 databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of exercise training on at lea...

Background The 24-h movement guidelines for youth and adults recommend the specific duration of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration to ensure optimal health, but little is known about its relationship to mental health indicators. The aim of the study was to explore the association between 24-h movement guidelines in adolescence an...

Background The measurement of physical fitness has a history that dates back nearly 200 years. Recently, there has been an increase in international research and surveillance on physical fitness creating a need for setting international priorities that could help guide future efforts. Objective This study aimed to produce a list of the top 10 inte...

Objective To quantify the association between physical activity and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19-associated hospitalisation, severe illness and death due to COVID-19 in adults. Design A systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources Three databases were systematically searched through March 2022. Eligibility criteria for selecting s...

The aim of this study was to examine the association between a comprehensive spectrum of physical fitness components and disordered eating symptoms in a sample of Spanish adolescents. This cross-sectional study analysed a representative sample of 741 adolescents (55.1% girls) from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) study (Valle de...

The present study aimed to test whether the daily minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) engaged moderate the relationship between breakfast status and excess weight (i.e., overweight and/or obesity) in a Spanish sample of young people. A cross-sectional study involving a total sample of 2890 Spanish schoolchildren (46% girls) age...

Purpose The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between air pollution and 24-h movement guidelines in Spanish children/adolescents. Methods This cross-sectional study analysed secondary data from the Encuesta Nacional de Salud Española (2017), a representative survey for the Spanish population. The original dataset included 6016 Span...

Background The aim of the present study was to determine the association between adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines during middle adolescence and glucose outcomes (glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting glucose) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adulthood, 14 and 22 years later. Methods We analyzed data from apparently healthy adolesc...

Background Multiple health-risk behaviours such as physical inactivity, excessive recreational screen time, and insufficient sleep have been independently and positively associated with poor adherence to the Mediterranean diet in adolescents. However, little is known about the combined association between 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (i.e., physical...

Abstract Recently, a valid method to assess lower-body muscle power based on a sit-to-stand field test (STS) has been published. Our study aimed to describe lower-body muscle power in older individuals aged ≥ 60 years and examine the relationship of muscle weakness with adverse events according to gender- and age-specific muscle weakness cut-off po...

The aim of the study is to evaluate whether exercise interventions are associated with improved glycaemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and to examine its relationship with the characteristics of the intervention (i.e. type, intensity, length, and duration of the sessions). Eligible criteria were randomis...

Background: Previous studies have examined the "fat but fit" paradox, revealing that greater levels of physical fitness may diminish the harmful consequences of excess weight on cardiometabolic risk. Despite the above, specific information about the "fat but fit" paradox in prepuberal population is scarce. The aim of this study was to determine th...

Background/Objectives: Muscle ultrasound is a convenient technique to visualize normal and pathological muscle tissue as it is non-invasive and real-time. This technique is related to several physical performance parameters and body composition components in adults; however, this relationship remains unexplored in early aged. We aimed to evaluate t...