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Introduction
Antonio Capafons Bonet, Ph.D., is full professor (Universitat de València, Spain, EU) and director/advicer of the Clinic of Psychology of the Universitat de València (Fundació Lluís Alcanyís). He is specialist in psychological treatments and hypnosis. He is, as well, Clinical Psychologist, and author of different national and international publications on various topics related to hypnosis and psychological treatments.
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December 1983 - present
Publications
Publications (101)
There are different perspectives on the psychological constructs of resilience and hypnotizability, and both are related to aspects of mental health. Resilience has been associated with protective variables, whereas hypnotizability has been related to psychopathological variables. This systematic review aims to identify the studies that associate h...
The patients/clients and the skilled professionals’ beliefs and expectations about hypnosis, influence the decision to use this procedure as well as its effects. On the other hand, in the Internet there is plenty of information about hypnosis, which shapes opinions of public and professionals. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the qual...
Las creencias y expectativas sobre hipnosis de pacientes/clientes y de profesionales cualificados influyen en la decisión de usar este procedimiento, así́ como en sus efectos. Por otro lado, en Internet hay mucha información sobre hipnosis, que configura la opinión del público y de los profesionales. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio es analiza...
La escala de auto-control de Rosenbaum (1980) es revisada desde un punto de vista psicométrico, analizando los datos disponibles sobre su fiabilidad y validez, con especial énfasis en la validez de constructo. A pesar de algunos resultados satisfactorios, se concluye que la escala debe utilizarse con sumo cuidado en poblaciones españolas, sugiriend...
El constructo de Competencia Aprendida (Learned Resourcefullness) tal como lo concibe M. Rosenbaum, se presenta como un acercamiento alternativo en el campo del Autocontrol. El presente artículo revisa el marco teórico y los diseños empíricos más relevantes que sustentan el constructo, analizando detenidamente sus debilidades conceptuales. No obsta...
The Valencia Scale, client version (VSABTH-C, Capafons et al. in Int J clin Exp Hypn 52(4):413–433, 2004 An Psicol 31(1):84–95, 2015) is currently one of the most empirically-based scales assessing attitudes and beliefs toward hypnosis. This study aims to adapt the online VSABTH-C to a French sample and to determine its psychometric properties (Fra...
Previous research has shown promising results in using hypnosis to treat various symptoms and side effects of medical treatments. The objective was to identify studies that use hypnosis as an adjuvant to evidence-based treatments to evaluate its benefits in patients with cancer. The search identified 873 articles published between 2000 and February...
The psychometric properties of the VSABTH-C have been previously analyzed in different studies. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has ever tested the psychometric properties of the online version of VSABTH-C, considering the advantages that such administration represents: possibility of reaching a greater number of participants, speed...
The study analyzes the psychometric properties of the Client version of the Valencia Scale of Attitudes and Beliefs towards Hypnosis (VSABH-C), in its adaptation for Spanish speaking participants in Mexico. Reliability and validity evidence based on the internal structure is analyzed using structural equation modeling techniques in the Confirmatory...
La hipnosis es un conjunto variado de procedimientos que posee abundante evidencia científica sobre su utilidad como técnica coadyuvante en el tratamiento de distintos trastornos, de índole médica o psicológica especialmente en adultos. No obstante, en el ámbito de la Psicología del Deporte la evidencia disponible parece escasa, y no siempre basada...
This study analyzes, for the first time, the psychometric properties of the Valencia Scale of Attitudes and Beliefs towards Hypnosis, Therapist Version (VSABTH-T) in its online version. Previous studies have analyzed the properties of this scale in its traditional version, but in none of the cases the invariance of the model has been studied. For t...
Attitudes and beliefs toward hypnosis are relevant in promoting hypnotic responses, in predicting the efficacy of interventions that include hypnosis, and in reducing iatrogenic effects in hypnotized individuals. The goal of the present study is to test the impact of previous knowledge about hypnosis and past experiences being hypnotized on attitud...
Introducción. Las actitudes y creencias hacia la hipnosis se han destacado desde las distintas aproximaciones teóricas como variables relevantes en la promoción de respuestas hipnóticas, para predecir la eficacia de las intervenciones que incluyen hipnosis (Accardi, Cleere, Lynn, & Kirsch, 2013; Kirsch, Montgomery, & Sapirstein, 1995) y para evitar...
The goal of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of the historical background, methods, and clinical applications of the Valencia Model of Waking Hypnosis (VMWH). The active-alert-waking methods have been developed and used since the 19th century as an alternative when the suggestions for relaxation and drowsiness were not helpful for...
Background
The Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) is an ultra-brief self-report consisting of a 2-item depression scale (PHQ-2) and a 2-item anxiety scale (GAD-2). The aim of the present study is to determine the psychometric properties of a computerized version of the PHQ-4 used to detect emotional disorders (anxiety and depression) in the pri...
Research literature about hypnosis highlights the importance of clients’ attitudes and beliefs toward hypnosis because they promote hypnotic responses and may predict the effectiveness of hypnotic interventions as well as minimize iatrogenic effects for clients. This study analyzes the factorial structure and psychometric properties with confirmato...
resumen/abstract: Las somatizaciones constituyen uno de los problemas mentales con mayor prevalencia entre la población, generando elevados niveles de sufrimiento, reduciendo la calidad de vida y contribuyendo a la discapacidad funcional de las personas que lo padecen. Sin embargo, siguen existiendo ciertas dificultades, tanto de tipo conceptual co...
Las somatizaciones constituyen uno de los problemas mentalescon mayor prevalencia entre la población, generando elevados niveles de sufrimiento, reduciendo la calidad de vida y contribuyendo a la discapacidad funcional de las personas que lo padecen. Sin embargo, siguen existiendo ciertas dificultades, tanto de tipo conceptual como a la hora de rea...
Resumen
Los trastornos mentales comunes son los más prevalentes en atención primaria (AP) en España. Desgraciadamente existe un porcentaje elevado de casos que no son detectados correctamente, tanto por infradiagnóstico como por sobrediagnóstico. Una incorrecta detección de estos trastornos conlleva que los pacientes no sean derivados correctamente...
Attitudes about hypnosis are associated with hypnotic responsiveness. However, little is known about how hypnosis attitudes change with treatment and if those changes are associated with better outcomes. This study examined whether an intervention based on the Valencia Model of Waking Hypnosis combined with Cognitive–Behavioral Therapy changed atti...
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The use of hypnosis for medical conditions is very old, and it has progressed with the time from studies better and better designed. That’s why, it is considered important the knowledge of its therapeutic value.
Objective: Assess the quality of the investigation about the effectiveness of clinical hypnosis in Medicine, and s...
Introducción: La hipnosis, es un campo de investigación experimental, pero también un conjunto de procedimientos terapéuticos. La investigación y el conocimiento actualizado sobre su valor clínico son necesarios para profesionales vinculados a la práctica y a la investigación en esta esfera. Objetivo: Valorar la calidad de la investigación sobre la...
Introducción: La hipnosis, es un campo de investigación experimental, pero también un conjunto de procedimientos terapéuticos. La investigación y el conocimiento actualizado sobre su valor clínico son necesarios para profesionales vinculados a la práctica y a la investigación en esta esfera.
Objetivo: Valorar la calidad de la investigación sobre la...
Objective:
This study evaluated the efficacy of an intervention combining the Valencia Model of Waking Hypnosis with Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (VMWH-CBT) in managing cancer related pain, fatigue, and sleep problems in individuals with active cancer or who were post-treatment survivors. We hypothesized that four sessions of VMWH-CBT would result...
Introduction: Hypnosis is an experimental field of research, but also a set of therapeutic procedures. Research and updated knowledge about its clinical value are necessary for professionals involved in the practice and research in this field. Objective: To assess the quality of research on the efficacy of clinical hypnosis in Psychology, as well a...
The Division 30 (American Psychological Association)'s revised definition of hypnosis (2014) is analyzed, and it is considered to be really an old definition, written by Spiegel & Spiegel in 1987. In addition, the biases of the new definition are analyzed, concluding that, as a whole, it alters the consensus of other definitions, which hinders rese...
Diversas aproximaciones a la hipnosis han destacado la relevancia de las actitudes y creencias sobre ella para la promoción de las respuestas hipnóticas, para predecir la eficacia de las intervenciones que incluyen a la hipnosis, y para evitar iatrogenia en los usuarios que la reciben. El objetivo de este trabajo es investigar la nueva variación en...
Several approaches to hypnosis have highlighted the importance of attitudes and beliefs on it to promote hypnotic responses, their power to predict the efficacy of interventions that include hypnosis, as well as to generate or prevent iatrogenic reactions in patients. The goal of this study is to investigate the new variation of the Valencia Scale...
Abstract Cognitive-behavioral therapy for pathological gambling has a long-term success rate of more than 50%. This study evaluated the effect of self-hypnosis in cognitive-behavioral treatment of pathological gamblers. Forty-nine participants were assigned to 2 groups. Both groups received a cognitive-behavioral protocol, and Group 1, the no-hypno...
La psicooncología pediátrica, entre otras, estudia por qué el cáncer, además de ser una enfermedad crónica que amenaza la vida de quien la padece, es una enfermedad que simboliza el sufrimiento de la persona enferma y su familia. El tratamiento del cáncer infantil implica un régimen médico exigente en el que los niños y sus familias se enfrentan a...
SUMMARY
Psychometric instrument for the evaluation of self-control in children are revised and an alternative instrument is proposed. The Self-Control Questionnaire For Children and Adolescents implies an attempt to improve both, the content validity and the construct usually disregarded in the other self-control instruments. Processes and skills t...
Placebo is not a unitary concept. It can have different meanings, depending on the scientific discipline in which it is used. The placebo exists in psychology, medicine, and other sciences, and in each case it is assumed that the results obtained by the placebo are unexplainable. But the results that can’t be explained by a scientific discipline co...
In the present study, the authors factor-analyzed responses from 1,141 American undergraduate students to the Valencia Scale of Attitudes and Beliefs Toward Hypnosis-Client Version. They obtained an 8-factor solution accounting for 66% of the total variance in responses. A confirmatory factor analysis indicated acceptable fit of their model and tho...
L 'hypnose est une intervention clinique qui se montre efficiente et efficace dans le traitement d'une grande variété de problemes psychologiques et médicaux, potentialisant l'amélioration de qualité de vie de bon nombre de patients. Cet article décrit les différents types d'hypnose, et en particulier le Modele de Valence d'Hypnose Eveillée (MVHE)...
The aim of this study was to examine whether a lecture on hypnosis can modify attitudes and misconceptions about hypnosis. The sample consisted of 97 health professionals from institutions in Havana City, Cuba. Group 1 consisted of 46 participants who received a lecture on hypnosis. Group 2 consisted of 51 participants who received a lecture about...
El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las creencias y actitudes hacia la hipnosis de los colegiados para informar al Consejo General de Colegios Oficiales de Psicólogos de las necesidades de formación sobre hipnosis, así como analizar las respuestas en función de los Colegios de los participantes. Para ello se aplicó la Escala de Valencia de Acti...
La hipnosis es una intervención clínica valiosa en el tratamiento de una amplia variedad de problemas psicológicos y médicos, ayudando a la mejora de la calidad de vida de muchos pacientes. Este artículo revisa el estado de la evidencia empírica de la eficacia de la hipnosis, teniendo en cuenta los resultados de la investigación más rigurosa al res...
The aims of this study are to analyze Spanish psychologists' beliefs and attitudes toward hypnosis and to examine the responses obtained in different branches of the Spanish Psychological Association. The results will be useful for this Association in order to know psychologists' needs of training in hypnosis. The Valencia Scale of Attitudes and Be...
The goal of this study was to examine the influence of receiving scientific information about hypnosis over Spanish psychologists' beliefs and attitudes toward hypnosis. The Valencia Scale on Attitudes and Beliefs toward Hypnosis-Therapist (VSABH-T) was administered to 2434 Spanish psychologists. A retest and a second retest were carried out, and b...
Hypnosis is a valuable clinical intervention for the treatment of a wide variety of psychological and medical problems which helps improve the quality of life in patients. This paper reviews the state of the evidence regarding the efficacy of hypnosis taking into account the most rigorous research results in this respect, together with other studie...
In this chapter, we describe the use of this approach for difficult cases and/or emergencies based on the Valencia Model, albeit introducing substantial modifications to adapt it to the specific characteristics of the intervention in these cases. Difficult cases and/or emergencies are defined as follows: 1) people who have gone through a number of...
In this chapter, we describe the use of this approach for difficult cases and/or emergencies based on the Valencia Model, albeit introducing substantial modifications to adapt it to the specific characteristics of the intervention in these cases. Difficult cases and/or emergencies are defined as follows: 1) people who have gone through a number of...
In this chapter, we describe the use of this approach for difficult cases and/or emergencies based on the Valencia Model, albeit introducing substantial modifications to adapt it to the specific characteristics of the intervention in these cases. Difficult cases and/or emergencies are defined as follows: 1) people who have gone through a number of...
In this chapter, authors describe in detail the Valencia Model of Waking Hypnosis. The concept of waking hypnosis, originally introduced by Wells in 1924, was developed in Spain, and several standardized methods were generated shaping this Model. It is based on the socio-cognitive or cognitive-behavioral paradigm of hypnosis, and represents the fir...
The authors review the most important Spanish contributions to hypnosis during the 19th and 20th centuries, with emphasis on the work of Santiago Ramon y Cajal, winner of the 1906 Nobel Prize in medicine. It is widely accepted that he provided a basic foundation for modern neurosciences with his work on neuronal staining and synaptic transmission....
The aim of this study is to examine the effects of having personal experience and information about hypnosis over the beliefs and attitudes toward hypnosis, using a sample of students from Spain, United States, Portugal and Romania. The factor structure of the Revised Valencia Scale of Attitudes and Beliefs toward Hypnosis-Client Version, as well a...
Health professionals' beliefs and attitudes toward hypnosis may make them reluctant to use it or even to foster misapplications and iatrogenic uses of hypnosis. The Valencia Scale on Attitudes and Beliefs toward Hypnosis-Therapist version (VSABH-T) is a specific instrument to evaluate therapists' attitudes and beliefs. The aims of this study are to...
In this pilot study, we compare the efficacy for fibromyalgia of multimodal cognitive behavioral treatments, with and without hypnosis, with that of a purely pharmacological approach, with a multiple baseline N = 1 design. We randomly assigned six hospital patients to the three experimental conditions. The results suggest that psychological treatme...
Psychometric properties and factorial structure of the Revised Valencia Scale of Atti-tudes and Beliefs toward Hypnosis – Client Version using a Portuguese sample are pre-sented. Exploratory factor analysis on a Portuguese population of undergraduate college students (N = 444) yielded 8 factors: 'Interest/Liking', 'Memory/Magic', 'Help', 'Control',...
Exploratory factor analysis and psychometric properties of the valencia scale on attitudes and beliefs toward hypnosis. Therapist version. This investigation examines the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Valencia Scale on Attitudes and Beliefs toward Hypnosis-Therapist version. Data from 775 professional psychologists belonging t...
This paper deals with the effects on attitudes toward hypnosis when it is introduced in three different ways to people who explicitly indicated that they did not want to be hypnotised. One hundred and ten participants (university students) were assigned to three experimental conditions, namely: minimum information control group, trance group, and c...
Investigamos las propiedades psicométricas y la estructura factorial, con metodología exploratoria, de la Escala de Valencia de Actitudes y Creencias hacia la Hipnosis versión Terapeuta. La muestra para el test fue de 775 profesionales adscritos al Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos, y de 426 para el retest. El análisis factorial mostró ocho factores (M...
Antonio Capafons Bonet (Antonio.Capafons@uv.es) El Modelo de Valencia de Hipnosis Despierta presenta varias características innovadoras que permiten un uso eficiente e integrador de la hipnosis: la forma de presentarla al cliente evita un lenguaje tranceático o palabras “patologiformes”, mostrándola como una estrategia general de afrontamiento y de...
This paper examines how attitudes of initially reluctant subjects towards hypnosis are influenced by three different approaches to introducing the topic. Participants (N = 90) were assigned to one of three experimental conditions: minimal information, cognitive-behavioural information and trance information. All three groups showed positive changes...
Two induction methods, Bányai, Zseni and Túry (1993) Active-Alert method, and Capafons¿ Waking-Alert (alert hand) method (1998a) were used to investigate the role of induction method in predicting test suggestion responses. The results of this study demonstrate that a) responses to the intra-hypnotic suggestions of the Active-Alert hypnotic inducti...
The advances in the investigation on the clinical hypnosis allow having information on the areas where it has show some effectiveness as and adjunct technique to medical and psychological treatments. The empirical investigation reveals, also, that that hypnosis can produce some iatrogenic reactions. Nevertheless, iatrogenic reactions are not genera...
A pesar de la prohibición de usar la hipnosis en el sistema de salud público español, existen grupos universitarios muy activos que están diseminando la hipnosis científica y generando un volumen de investigación interesante e innovador. No obstante, aun falta mucho recorrido para conseguir el impacto que tienen los hipnoterapeutas legos y los medi...
This article reviews several essential components for use in the practice of hypnosis from a cognitive-behavioural perspective. These include a cognitive-behavioural introduction, which presents hypnosis to the client as a voluntary, self-controlled process. Then, a set of practical tasks is presented for assessing suggestibility as well as collabo...
Cognitions held about hypnosis have an important impact on areas such as initial rapport and hypnotic-treatment compliance. The Valencia Scale on Attitudes and Beliefs toward Hypnosis may be the first instrument specifically geared to the Spanish-speaking population. Besides measuring these cognitions, the scale can also help evaluate the effect of...
This article presents a cultural analysis of the reasons that waking hypnosis is widely accepted in Spain. These reasons relate to several features of the Spanish people, including their attitude towards others, politics, religion, habits and even the climate in which they live. In general, Spaniards seem to perceive ‘waking’ hypnosis as a techniqu...
Las actitudes inadecuadas y las creencias erróneas hacia la hipnosis influyen en las respuestas a las sugestiones hipnóticas. Especialmente afectan al resultado que se obtiene en intervenciones que adjunten hipnosis. La escala evalúa las creencias erróneas más frecuentes hacia la hipnosis y las actitudes negativas derivadas de ellas. Los análisis f...
Inadequate attitudes and misconceptions about hypnosis affect responses to hypnotic suggestions. Attitudes influence outcomes of the treatments that include hypnosis. The scale assesses the more common misconceptions, and the negative attitudes derived therefrom. An exploratory factorial analysis (N= 761) has yielded six factors: automaton, help, p...
Se revisan las formas de intervención sobre el trastorno de ansiedad generalizada más investigadas. Varios estudios muestran una importante convergencia en señalar que las terapias cognitivo-comportamentales alcanzan los resultados más satisfactorios, especialmente reduciendo abandonos y manteniendo los efectos a medio plazo. Las terapias de conduc...
Despite its clinical importance, there are few systematic studies on the application of self-hypnosis. Rapid Self-Hypnosis (RSH) was created to provide a new procedure that is easy, comfortable, fosters alertness, and can be done covertly in everyday life. We present it as an alternative to the self-hypnosis version of the Hypnosis Induction Profil...
The effects of the most researched treatments for the generalized anxiety disorder are reviewed. Several studies show convergent conclusions: Cognitive-behavioral treatments appear to be the most effective ones, if attrition and medium term effects are considered. Behavioral interventions are, also, effective but in a lesser degree. Both kind of in...
The aim of this study was to validate the short version of rapid self-hypnosis (arm dissociation) developed by Capafons (1999). Utilising a mixed multi-factorial longitudinal design with a control and experimental group (N = 60), we found that: (a) the short version produced significantly higher objective suggestibility scores than the complete qui...
In a cross-over design (N = 80), we compared the differential liking and preference for two hypnotic techniques involving physical activity: active-alert and waking-alert (or alert-hand) procedures. Participants expressed significantly higher liking and preference for the waking-alert as compared to the active-alert procedure. The latter technique,...
This book presents a cognitive–behavioral perspective on the use of hypnotic suggestion in psychotherapy and attempts to break down the barriers that have inhibited clinicians from using a powerful, empirically validated clinical tool. Readers will gain exposure to the cutting edge of hypnosis theory, the ways in which suggestibility can be measure...
A study examined the nature and utility of a metaphor for hypnosis. After rapport-building and administration of one of two active hypnosis techniques (waking-alert hypnosis and active-alert hypnosis), a metaphor was offered to 60 volunteers. After metaphor, participants received the Barber Suggestibility Scale and the Metaphor Questionnaire from w...
La evidencia experimental obtenida de las investigaciones sobre hipnosis permite afirmar que no es necesario el que una persona esté relajada, aletargada o con los ojos cerrados para sentirse hipnotizada o para cumplir con las sugestiones hipnóticas. La hipnosis despierta surgió en un contexto en el que difícilmente podía florecer. Setenta y cuatro...
A structured self-hypnosis method -rapid self-hypnosis- is described. This method has been created from a cognitive-behavioral perspective, and has received empirical validation. Some clinical applications of rapid self-hypnosis are shown from a coping skills and self-control orientation. From this perspective, the use of the method in everyday act...
Research has shown that the active-alert method described by Bányai and Hilgard (1976) produces a similar increase on suggestibility as relaxation-based techniques, but it has some limitations, including the need for a stationary bicycle and a certain level of physical fitness. The authors compared that method with the new "alert hand" method, whic...
In this study we apply a psychological programe to improve the output of handball players, cadet category, during the attack. The results show that just as we had predicted the improvement is produced, by supposing that the control of psychic energy and the direction of the stress, the establishment of aims, the control of the attention and concent...
En este estudio se aplica un programa psicológico para mejorar el rendimiento, durante el ataque de jugadores de balonmano, categoría cadetes. Los resultados muestran que se produce dicha mejora, tal y como se había predicho, al suponer que el control de la energía psicológica y la dirección del estrés, el establecimiento de objetivos, el control d...
La hipnosis genera todavía rechazo entre los psicólogos, debido a los mitos que sobre ella circulan en ámbitos no especializados. siete mitos sobre la hipnosis son analizados, proporcionándose una visión alternativa más ajustada a la evidencia empírica aportada por la investigación en el campo. Se aportan, además, dos métodos de inducción hipnótica...
En este estudio se aplica un programa psicológico para mejorar el rendimiento, durante el ataque de jugadores de balonmano, categoría cadetes. Los resultados muestran que se produce dicha mejora, tal y como se había predicho, al suponer que el control de la energía psicológica y la dirección del estrés, el establecimiento de objetivos, el control d...
Auto-hipnosis rápida: un método de sugestión para el auto-control. Se describe un método estructurado de auto-hipnosis "despierta" -auto-hipnosis rápida-, creado desde una vertiente cognitivo-comportamental y validado empíricamente. Se detallan algunas de sus aplicaciones clínicas desde una perspectiva de habilidades generales de afrontamiento y au...
We describe emotional self-regulation therapy, a recently-developed suggestion technique for the treatment of smoking, and present data attesting to its efficacy. Of the 38 individuals who completed treatment, 82% (47% of the initial sample) stopped smoking altogether and 13% (8% of the initial sample) reduced their smoking. A follow-up at 6 months...
Self-regulation therapy is based on the use of sensory recall exercises, through which clients learn to respond actively to suggestions. Suggestions are given without a trance induction and without having the client close his or her eyes or adopt a passive attitude. Also, unlike conventional hypnosis, there is no loss of initiative or "subsidence o...
Self-regulation therapy (Amigó, 1992) is a set of procedures derived from cognitive skill training programs for increasing hypnotizability. First, experiences are generated by actual stimuli. Clients are then asked to associate those experiences with various cues. They are then requested to generate the experiences in response to the cues, but with...