Antonino Lo Giudice

University of Catania | UNICT · Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the segmentation accuracy of dentition testing four free-source semi-automatic software. Materials and methods: A total of 20 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) were selected to perform semi-automatic segmentation of maxillary and mandibular dentition. The software tested were Invesalius, ITK-Snap, 3D...

Introduction Maxillary expansion in patients at the end of their growth relies on the possibility to use miniscrew supported expanders to apply expansion forces directly to the midpalatal suture. Although miniscrews provide a stable anchorage unit, several studies have reported that they do not remain in exactly the same position during treatment....

Background The study's objective was to assess the accuracy (trueness and precision) of orthodontic models obtained from crowded and spaced dentition finalized for the production of clear aligners. Four 3D printers featuring different technologies and market segments were used for this purpose. Methods Two digital master models were obtained from...

(1) Background. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is currently regarded as the gold standard diagnostic procedure to assess the site(s) of upper airway collapse in subjects affected by Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS). During DISE, a jaw thrust maneuver is performed to advance the mandible and to predict the effectiveness of outcomes of tr...

Objectives To describe the current state of the art regarding technological advances in full-automatic tooth segmentation approaches from 3D cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Materials and methods In March 2023, a search strategy without a timeline setting was carried out through a combination of MeSH terms and free text words pooled th...

The periodontium is an appropriate target for regeneration, as it cannot restore its function following disease. Significantly, the periodontium's limited regenerative capacity could be enhanced through the development of novel biomaterials and therapeutic approaches. Notably, the regenerative potential of the periodontium depends not only on its t...

Background: Reverse engineering (RE) or back engineering is a process that analyzes a physical object to obtain the primary data of the same project. RE technologies have different applications in industrial settings and productive chains; however, with the advent of digital technologies in dentistry and orthodontic fields, they are involved in the...

Non-surgical approaches have been proposed in the management of mandibular fractures, especially in children, but there is a lack of clear guidelines on the clinical indications of conservative approaches. The aim of this scoping review is to provide the available evidence of the role of the orthodontist in the management of mandibular fractures. T...

The aim of the present paper was to evaluate the morphology changes of the mandibular symphysis (MS) in a longitudinal retrospective cohort of class II untreated subjects. The study sample included 120 subjects followed during normal growth and examined at the age of 12 (T0) and 15 (T1) years. MS was traced using two landmarks and ten sliding semi-...

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the changes in palate dimension and morphology after treatment of functional posterior crossbite (FPXB) with elastodontic devices (EAs). Methods: The treatment group (TG) consisted of 25 subjects (mean age 7.3 ± 0.9 years) who received treatment with EA for one year. The control group (CG) comprise...

Human body is colonized by a florid microbial community of bacteria, archaea, fungi, protists, helminths, and viruses, known as microbiota, which co-evolves with the host and influences its health through all stages of its life. It is well known that oral microorganisms form highly structurally and functionally organized multi-species biofilms and...

The Orthodontic Tooth Movement (OTM) is allowed through a mediated cell/tissue mechanism performed by applying a force or a pair of forces on the dental elements, and the tooth movement is a fundamental requirement during any orthodontic treatment. In this regard, it has been widely shown that each orthodontic treatment has a minimum duration requi...

Background The study aimed to compare external root resorption (ERR) three-dimensionally in subjects treated with tooth-borne (TB) versus bone-borne (BB) rapid maxillary expansion (RME). Forty subjects who received tooth-borne RME (TB group, average age 13.3 years ± 1.10 years) or bone-borne RME (BB group, average age 14.7 ± 1.15 years) were assess...

Abstract Background Several semi-automatic software are available for the three-dimensional reconstruction of the airway from DICOM files. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the segmentation of the upper airway testing four free source and one commercially available semi-automatic software. A total of 20 cone-beam computed tomogr...

Aim: The aim of the present prospective study was to evaluate the effectiveness of elastodontic appliance (EAs) in the treatment of subjects presenting Class II sagittal discrepancy in mixed dentition, and to evaluate palatal morphological development during treatment. Materials: The study group, composed of 19 subjects, received treatment with...

Background: Using three-dimensional (3D) images, this study evaluated the impact of Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME) on changes in Nasal Septal Deviation (NSD). Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan of 40 children with transverse maxillary deficiency, who received tooth-borne (TB) RME or bone-borne (BB) RME, were included in this inv...

The principles of periodontal therapy are based on the control of microbial pathogens and host factors that contribute to biofilm dysbiosis, with the aim of modulating the progression of periodontitis and periodontal tissue destruction. It is currently known how differently each individual responds to periodontal treatment, depending on both the ba...

In the present case report, we present and discuss the digital workflow involved in the orthodontic/orthognathic combined treatment of a skeletal malocclusion correction in a 17-year-old male patient affected by a skeletal class III, facial asymmetry, sagittal and transversal deficiency of the medium third of the skull, dental crowding, and bilater...

Conformative rehabilitation generally involves the treatment of partial dentate or the application of veneers. In this regard, conformative rehabilitation aims to generate an aesthetic prosthetic solution minimizing the amount of tissue removal without generating occlusal input interfering with the equilibrium of neuro-muscular function. In fact, p...

As already known, orthodontic treatment presents a factor of plaque retention, promoting an increase of bacterial growth in the oral cavity. Nevertheless, after orthodontic debonding an alteration of the previous microbiological status may occur. The present study was designed to assess variations among six bacterial species in the oral cavity and...

The aim of the study was to systematically review and compare the accuracy of smartphone scanners versus stereophotogrammetry technology for facial digitization in children. A systematic literature search strategy of articles published from 1 January 2010 to 30 August 2022 was adopted through a combination of Mesh terms and free text words pooled t...

Nowadays, with the development of new and highly sensitive, blood is not the only medium of choice for the diagnosis of several diseases and pathological conditions. Saliva is now considered a safe and non-invasive sample to study oral and systemic diseases, showing great diagnostic potential. According to several recent studies, saliva has emerged...

Angle’s Class III is one of the most complex malocclusions to treat. In nongrowing skeletal class III malocclusions, the choice between orthognathic surgery and camouflage treatment remains a challenge to the orthodontist. In class III borderline cases, clinicians are called to find the best compromise between functional and aesthetics outcomes, wi...

Objectives . This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of orthodontic models for the production of clear aligners generated with four 3D printers featuring different technologies and belonging to different market segments. Materials and Methods . Eighty identical dental models were generated from two master digital files (.stl), respectively with...

Aims This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of a new automatic deep learning-based approach for fully mandible automatic segmentation from CBCTs. Methods Forty CBCT scans from healthy patients (20 females, 20 males, mean age 23.37 ± 3.34 years) were collected and a manual mandible segmentation was carried out by using Mimics software. Twenty CB...

Indroduction: Preliminary evidence have shown that low intensity laser therapy is able to increase the rate of tooth movement. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of gallium aluminum arsenide (GaAlAs) laser therapy in the enhancement of speed of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in a clinical protocol. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six...

The objective of the study was to assess the changes in nasal soft tissues after RME was performed with tooth-borne (TB) and bone-borne (BB) appliances. Methods: This study included 40 subjects with a diagnosis of posterior cross-bite who received tooth-borne RME (TB, average age: 11.75 ± 1.13 years) or bone-borne RME (BB, average age: 12.68 ± 1....

Objective: The present systematic review was carried out to evaluate both qualitatively and quantitatively the effectiveness of the cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method in predicting the pubertal growth spurt. Methods: PubMed, PMC, Scopus, SciELO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Web of Science databases were s...

Teleorthodontics represents the orthodontic care system involving remote management of orthodontic treatment. Despite skepticism, there are several advantages of including teleorthodontics in the clinical orthodontic practice. In the present review, we discuss the lights and shadows of this new communication healthcare system and its applications i...

Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of dental models prototyped via entry-level liquid crystal display (LCD) 3D printers.Materials and methodsIdentical prototyped models were generated from a master digital file testing two entry-level LCD-based 3D printers and using one professional-grade 3D printer as gold standard...

Objective: The purpose of this research is to assess the analgesic efficiency of Photobiomodulation (PBM) in pain reduction in young patients during rapid maxillary expansion therapy. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients were included and allocated to an experimental group [Rapid Palatal Expansion (RPE) and PBM] and a control group (RPE only) at...

Objectives To evaluate the accuracy of automatic deep learning-based method for fully automatic segmentation of the mandible from CBCTs. Setting and Sample Population CBCT-derived mandible fully automatic segmentation. Methods 40 CBCT scans from healthy patients (20 females and 20 males, mean age 23,37 ± 3,34) were collected and a manual mandible...

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of two different therapies on oral lichen planus (OLP) treatment through the analysis of OLP symptoms and signs and to analyze the risk of side effects related to the adopted protocols. Methods Thirty-eight patients with OLP were selected according to van der Meij and van der Waal clinical and histopathologi...

Objectives To assess changes in spheno-occipital synchondrosis after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) performed with conventional tooth-borne (TB) and bone-borne (BB) appliances. Materials and Methods This study included 40 subjects with transverse maxillary deficiency who received TB RME or BB RME. Cone-beam computed tomography images (CBCT) were...

Introduction This study aimed to test the accuracy of a new automatic deep learning–based approach on the basis of convolutional neural networks (CNN) for fully automatic segmentation of the sinonasal cavity and the pharyngeal airway from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. Methods Forty CBCT scans from healthy patients (20 women and 20 me...

Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the complications and side effects associated with the clinical use of orthodontic miniscrews by systematically reviewing the best available evidence. Methods: A survey of articles published up to March 2020 investigating the complications associated with miniscrew insertion, in both t...

Background and Objective Different evidence has shown that Galectins have a key role as modulators of cell surface functions and signaling in a wide range of inflammatory diseases during their preclinical stages. The aim of this study was to analyze the association and impact of periodontitis and coronary heart disease (CHD) on salivary and serum G...

Background: Recent clinical guidelines have extended indications for oral appliances to subjects affected by moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). The aim of this systematic review covering this important issue for public health is twofold: updating and summarizing the best available scientific evidence by selecting RCTs of quality on...

Currently, advances and affordability in digital data have increased the demand for expedite and automate several diagnostic and clinical tasks. In this regard, Artificial Intelligence is an extraordinary tool destined to support diagnosis, treatment plan and prognosis and to monitoring the progresses of orthodontic treatments. This paper is intend...

Superimposition of craniofacial structures from radiographic examination has been always used for assessing changes in the maxilla-mandibular complexes, especially for the evaluation of potential changes occurring during growth as well as after orthodontic treatment and/or maxillofacial surgery. However, the availability of cone beam computed tomog...

Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate mandibular asymmetry in youngsters with posterior unilateral crossbite (PUXB), through cone-beam computed tomography and reverse engineering technique, before and after rapid maxillary expansion (RME) treatment.Materials and methodsForty cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were obtained f...

Objectives To compare volume and shape changes of pulp chamber of maxillary posterior teeth between tooth-borne and bone-borne maxillary expansions in adolescents.Materials and methodsThis study included 36 adolescents with bilateral maxillary crossbite who received tooth-borne rapid maxillary expansion (TB group, average age 14.4 years) or bone-bo...

The aim of this study was to assess the skeletal and dentoalveolar changes obtained after 1 year of treatment with elastodontic appliances (EA) in a retrospective cohort of children reporting early signs of malocclusion. Also, a detailed description of the tested EAs was reported. The study sample included 20 subjects, 8 males and 12 females, with...

Aim: Limited data are available on the fitting properties of prototyped occlusal appliances. The aim of the present study was to assess the fitting of prototyped splints digitally designed with different offset values and generated with two different biocompatible resins. Materials and methods: Ten dental digital models were included, and occlus...

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) has been shown to play a key role in endothelial function and perhaps pivotal in the correlation between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD). For the study, the impact of MMP-9 of periodontitis and CVD on serum and saliva concentrations was analyzed. For the study patients with periodontitis (n =...

Background The application of heavy forces to the dentition, as those produced during a Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME), has been associated in the literature with the development of root resorption of maxillary posterior teeth. Objective The aim of the present manuscript was to report the available data from in-vitro and in-vivo studies that can...

Background Continuous Positive Airways Pressure therapy (CPAP) is the gold standard treatment of the Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS), however, the scarce adherence to the therapy requires the evaluation of other therapeutic alternatives. Objective The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of Mandibular Advancement Device...

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze and identify the association among salivary interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and periodontitis (PT) and to determine the significant trend of this association in PT patients. Study design For the present study, 49 patients with PT and 47 healthy subjects (HS) were enrolled and assessed for clinical paramet...

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic, inflammatory, immune-mediated disease, which can alter the quality of life of patients. The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to compare the therapeutic efficacy of clobetasol oral gel 0.05% versus an anti-inflammatory in oral solution (mouthwash) in the management of patients suffering from symptomati...

The present study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of digitally designed surgical splints generated with milling technology (material subtractive procedure) and with 3D printing technology (material additive procedure) through a customized approach in the planning of surgical orthognathic splints. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations and...

Background: The patients' request for treatment with clear aligners is constantly increasing. The aligners permit to the clinicians a valid way to solve a lot of orthodontic cases but the patients' compliance and the clinicians' capabilities and knowledge of the technique is fundamental for the outcome. Methods: Seventy-two digital models of 18 co...

Objective: To identify the available evidence on the effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) with three-dimensional imaging and provide meta-analytic data from studies assessing the outcomes using computed tomography. Methods: Eleven electronic databases were searched, and prospective case series were selected. Two authors screened all titles...

Background Maxillary transverse discrepancy is often diagnosed in childhood. The evaluation of morphological characteristics of the maxilla is crucial for appropriate treatment of this condition, however conventional diagnostic method is based on visual inspection and transversal linear parameters. In this paper, we described a user- friendly diagn...

Objective: To assess and compare volumetric and shape changes of the orbital cavity in patients treated with tooth-borne (TB) and bone-borne (BB) rapid maxillary expansion (RME). Study design: Forty adolescents with bilateral maxillary cross-bite received tooth-borne (TB group = 20; mean age 14.27 ± 1.36 years) or bone-borne (BB group = 20; mean...

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of a single dose application of two daily toothpastes on enamel exposed to acid attack. The research was conducted on human molars enamel fragments (n = 72). The two different toothpastes active ingredients were sodium fluoride (NaF) and stannous fluoride (SnF2). They were compared in prote...

Objectives To assess and compare spontaneous expansion of mandibular posterior teeth between tooth-borne (TB) and bone-borne (BB) rapid maxillary expansion (RME). Materials and Methods This study included 36 adolescents with bilateral maxillary crossbite receiving tooth-borne (average age: 14.4 ± 1.3 years) or bone-borne (average age: 14.7 ± 1.4 y...

The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of 3D rendering of the mandibular condylar region obtained from different semi-automatic segmentation methodology. A total of 10 Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) were selected to perform semi-automatic segmentation of the condyles by using three free-source software (Invesalius, version 3.0.0, Ce...

The accuracy of 3D reconstructions of the craniomaxillofacial region using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is important for the morphological evaluation of specific anatomical structures. Moreover, an accurate segmentation process is fundamental for the physical reconstruction of the anatomy (3D printing) when a preliminary simulation of the t...