Anthony J Montgomery

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Verified

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• PhD
• Professor (Full) at Northumbria University

Objective Fun, play, and humour are accepted as integral to understanding how individuals cope with adversity at work and thrive within an organization. Far from being merely about entertainment, Fun at Work embodies strategic elements via social bonding, essential for bolstering employee well-being, fostering engagement, and enhancing productivity...

Objectives Various psychological concepts have been proposed over time as potential solutions to improving patient safety and quality of care. Psychological safety has been identified as a crucial mechanism of learning and development, and one that can facilitate optimal patient safety in healthcare. We investigated the quantitative evidence on the...

https://www.bps.org.uk/psychologist/neurotechnology-and-emotional-ai-are-creating-new-kind-line-manager

Up until recently, there has been a trend to artificially separate the history of scientific development from the activities or the ‘doing’ of psychology. However, a movement away from a history of personalities towards a history of ideas in psychology is evident in recent decades. Thus, attempting to write a chronological or ‘great person’ history...

Fun, play, and humour are accepted as integral to understanding how individuals cope with adversity at work and thrive within an organization. Far from being merely about entertainment, Fun at Work (FaW) embodies strategic elements via social bonding, essential for bolstering employee well-being, fostering engagement, and enhancing productivity. Th...

Healthcare management faces significant challenges related to upward communication. Sharing information in healthcare is crucial to the improvement of person-centered, safe, and effective patient care. An adverse event (AE) is an unintended or unexpected incident that causes harm to a patient and may lead to temporary or permanent disability. Learn...

Importance: Various psychological concepts have been proposed over time as potential solutions to improving patient safety and quality of care. Psychological safety has been identified as a crucial mechanism of learning and development, and one that can facilitate optimal patient safety in healthcare.Objective: We investigated the quantitative evid...

The history of inquiries into the failings of medical care have highlighted the critical role of communication and information sharing, meaning that speaking up and employee silence have been extensively researched. However, the accumulated evidence concerning speaking-up interventions in healthcare indicates that they achieve disappointing outcome...

Background: Teaching is a highly demanding profession, with teachers reporting increasing levels of burnout. Accumulated evidence indicates that inhibiting the expression of one’s thoughts, emotions, and behaviors continuously can take a psychological toll actively resulting in physiological and psychological symptoms (e.g. stress, emotional exhaus...

Burnout is a significant challenge in the workplace. Its extent is global and its unfavourable consequences are diverse, affecting the individual, the organization, and society. The aim of the present study was to examine the adaptation and assess the validity of the Greek version of the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT). The adaptation process include...

Individuals who score high on dark personality assessments are found in managerial positions and are more likely to get promoted. Congruently, abusive and toxic leadership is still tolerated in most industries; and many aspects of toxic organizational culture are maintained over time and interventions (e.g., bullying, employee silence). There is a...

Globally, adolescents and young adults are calling for action from governments on global humanitarian crises, taking on leadership roles that have contributed to redefining leadership in terms of behavior and action rather than qualities and status. However, there is a significant gap with regard to the conceptual and theoretical understanding of h...

All the available evidence points to the fact that healthcare is under considerable stress, and while change is urgently needed there is no quick fix; systemic and sustained changes in organizational cultures within healthcare are required. Moreover, the fragility of healthcare systems globally has been starkly exposed by the Coronavirus 2019 pande...

Nurses and midwives are faced with emotionally demanding situations daily. These demands include dealing with patients and their relatives, communicating with colleagues effectively in pressured situations, coping with limited resources, increased workloads, and rationing care as a result of multiple demands on time and effort. Moreover, all these...

(1) Background: The aim of the study was to investigate if the Dark Triad (DT)—which includes psychopathy, Machiavellianism and narcissism-impulsiveness and Honesty-h=Humility (HH), can predict individuals’ intended behavior in a one-shot Prisoner’s Dilemma Game (PDG) and whether this relationship is moderated by gender. (2) Methods: A cross-sectio...

Both panic disorders and burnout are significant challenges in the workplace. However, to date knowledge in these areas has progressed in parallel and there have been few attempts to systematically connect these overlapping syndromes. The objectives of this chapter are to address this gap in the literature by addressing the following: how panic dis...

Burnout is often characterized by cognitive deficits and it has been associated with depression and anxiety. However, it is not clear whether cognitive impairment is a burnout consequence or employees with poor cognitive skills are more prone in developing burnout. Moreover, the exact nature of the association between burnout and depression, and bu...

Many important organizational events do not lend themselves easily to experimental manipulation, and thus, one can only study them retrospectively by combining the investigative tools provided by both the social sciences and humanities. A cover-up, meaning an attempt to prevent the public from discovering information about a serious crime or mistak...

Issue Health care management is faced with a basic conundrum about organizational behavior; why do professionals who are highly dedicated to their work choose to remain silent on critical issues that they recognize as being professionally and organizationally significant? Speaking-up interventions in health care achieve disappointing outcomes beca...

Research on workplace fun has neither identified the processes through which its positive impact is achieved nor the mechanisms that facilitate it. In the present study we examined the protecting role of five workplace fun dimensions with regard to need for recovery from work, turnover intentions, and chronic social stressors and the mediating role...

Evidence on the association of burnout with objective indicators of performance is scarce in healthcare. In parallel, healthcare professionals ameliorate the short-term impact of burnout by prioritizing some tasks over others. The phenomenon of employee silence can help us understand the evolution of how culture is molded toward the prioritization...

Job burnout is a psychological syndrome which results from chronic occupational stress and cognitive impairments are among its negative consequences. The demands of the COVID-19 pandemic have challenged the healthcare system increasing the risk of job burnout among healthcare professionals. The studies conducted so far have mainly focused on the ef...

A significant amount of emotional labor takes place during teaching. Teaching is amultitasking profession that consists of both cognitive and emotional components, with teachersengaging in emotional labor on a daily basis as an instrumental part of achieving teaching goalsand positive learning outcomes. The purpose of the present review was to expl...

Studies have shown strong associations between burnout and depression and burnout and anxiety but their exact interrelationships still remain unclear. Few studies have examined the psychosocial mechanisms that might underlie these two relationships. Non-work social factors such as perceived family support can affect mental health. The present study...

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate if the Dark Triad personality traits, Impulsivity and Honesty-Humility can predict individuals’ intended behavior in one-shot Prisoner’s Dilemma Games (PDG). Method: A cross-sectional correlational design was followed, examining multiple linear regression models. A total sample of 197 Greek adults...

Surgical disciplines are popular and training places are competitive to obtain, but trainees report higher levels of burnout than either their non-surgical peers or attending or consultant surgeons. In this review, we critically summarise evidence on trends and changes in burnout over the past decade, contributors to surgical trainee burnout, the p...

Employee silence, the withholding of work-related ideas, questions, or concerns from someone who could effect change, has been proposed to hamper individual and collective learning as well as the detection of errors and unethical behaviors in many areas of the world. To facilitate cross-cultural research, we validated an instrument measuring four e...

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between burnout and cognitive functioning. The associations of depression, anxiety and family support with burnout and cognitive functioning were also examined both independently and as potential moderators of the burnout–cognitive functioning relationship. Seven different cognitive tasks we...

Employee silence, the withholding of work-related ideas, questions, or concerns from someone who could effect change, has been proposed to hamper individual and collective learning as well as the detection of errors and unethical behaviors in many areas of the world. To facilitate cross-cultural research, we validated an instrument measuring four e...

Context Medical students are exposed during their training to a wide range of experiences and behaviors that can affect their learning regarding professionalism and their behavior and attitudes towards patient-centered care. The aim of the study is to explore learning associated with critical incidents and levels of critical reflection among medica...

There is a growing realisation within healthcare that healthcare worker well-being, patient outcomes and organizational change are symbiotically linked (Montgomery & Maslach, 2019). We have accumulated enough evidence to demonstrate that job burnout has become a major problem within the field of healthcare. It is a response to prolonged exposure to...

This book grew out of the WELLMED Network. WELLMED is devoted to examining the connection between well-being and performance in clinical practice. The WELLMED network conducts research aimed at exploring how burnout and wellbeing are related to different aspects of quality of care and patient safety, in terms of clinical decision making, communicat...

Mindfulness-based Interventions (MBIs) are increasingly employed in healthcare settings for both healthcare professionals (HCPs) and patients, even though the evidence to support their effectiveness is equivocal. However, there is a general narrative within healthcare that mindfulness has the potential to impact on both well-being and clinical prac...

This volume delineates the ways in which key areas of healthcare, well-being, patient safety and organisational change overlap with and contribute to unhealthy workplaces for healthcare professionals. There is a growing realisation within healthcare that healthcare worker well-being, patient outcomes and organisational change are symbiotically link...

Despite preliminary evidence that self-pampering can alleviate psychological burden that may lead to depression among women, no studies have so far examined the link between pampering and depression. The aim of this study was to explore the differential effect of pampering on depression depending on women’s marital, parental, or caregiving status....

Purpose: The aim of this meta-analysis was to synthesize the existing evidence examining how empathy changes during undergraduate medical education and assess whether different types of measures produce different results. Method: Three electronic bibliographic databases were last searched on 28 November 2018. Quantitative studies including a measur...

Background: Burnout is a psychological syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, feelings of cynicism and reduced personal accomplishment. In the past years there has been disagreement on whether burnout and depression are the same or different constructs, as they appear to share some common features (e.g., loss of interest and impaired conce...

In suggesting a different organizational model for hospital rounds that could safeguard both patient care and provider well‐being, the authors explain why we must move away from a physician‐centric approach to resilience.

Purpose During the last years, workplace fun has emerged as a potential indicator of a healthy workplace. Congruently, organisations have become interested in enhancing positive experiences at work, such as joy in the workplace. While such trends have resulted in a growing literature on fun in the workplace, humour and play, academics and practiti...

The purpose of medical education has changed over the last 70 years. The modern doctor is expected to be a leader who will be skilled in people management, team working and patient engagement. Moreover, the burgeoning literature on the development of medical leadership competency frameworks as a way to inform curriculum development is evidence of a...

Recent evidence shows that resilience can buffer the negative impact of workplace stressors on nurses and is linked to favourable patient outcomes. However, the comparative effectiveness of different contributing factors to nurses’ resilience has not yet been examined. Our objective was to examine and compare the impact of individual characteristic...

Objectives: Health professional burnout has been associated with suboptimal care and reduced patient safety. However, the extent to which burnout influences hand hygiene compliance among health professionals has yet to be explored. The aim of the study was to examine whether job burnout reduces hand washing compliance among nursing staff. Methods...

Organizational practices and values have the potential to reduce burnout and increase feelings of job engagement. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between organizational practices and values with burnout and engagement among a sample of nurses. Specifically, practices and values were operationalised as support, goals, inn...

Background: Patient perceptions of quality of care (QoC) are directly linked with patient safety and clinical effectiveness. We need patient-designed QoC instruments that work across languages and countries to optimise studies across systems in this area. Few QoC measurement tools exist that assess all aspects of QoC from the patient perspective....

Our understanding of leadership is skewed towards the adult experience of leadership. There is a gap in the literature with regard to the experience of leadership among school children and young adults. Young people experience their first formal organization at school and models of leadership are developed from this critical period. The present rev...

Background: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to develop an evidence-based systematic Medical Error Checklist (MEC) for self-reporting of medical errors. In addition the study examined the comparative influence of individual, structural, and organizational factors on the frequency of self-reported medical errors. Research Design: A three-st...

Background Medical training can be a challenging and emotionally intense period for medical students. However the emotions experienced by medical students in the face of challenging situations and the emotion regulation strategies they use remains relatively unexplored. The aim of the present study was to explore the emotions elicited by memorable...

Workplace fun, defined as the result of organic or organized activities that cause enjoyment in the workplace, has become increasingly important for both organizations and employees. Efforts to create a fun workplace are rooted in the notion that such experiences can contribute positively to the affective, cognitive and behavioral functioning of em...

To date, research has established the individual and organizational factors that impair well-being. Thus, we are aware of the organizational “cogs and wheels” that drive well-being, and there is a sense that we can potentially utilize effective leadership to push and pull these in the appropriate directions. However, reviews of leadership in health...

Burnout is an established phenomenon across cultures and occupations. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) is the most commonly used measure of burnout. The MBI delineates burnout according to three components (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment) and provides the opportunity to assign a classification of burn...

Objectives Within an underlying health-impairing process, work stressors exhaust employees’ mental and physical resources and lead to exhaustion/burnout and to health problems, with health-impairing behaviors being one of the potential mechanisms, linking burnout to ill health. The study aims to explore the associations between burnout and fast foo...

There is considerable research on the experience of nurses during both their work and non‐work time. However, we know relatively little about the strategies nurses use immediately before and immediately after their shift. This crossover period, from one shift to another, has critical impact for patient outcomes. The aim of this qualitative study wa...

This book features a diverse set of perspectives all focused towards questioning the role schools actually play in society and, more importantly, the role they could potentially play. Containing papers presented at the 1st International Conference on Reimagining Schooling which took place in Thessaloniki, Greece, June 2013, bringing together intern...

What does it mean to reimagine a school? It doesn’t just mean looking at it through a different lens, it means reimagining its purpose because the meaning of culture, values, and performance are all related to purpose. If you change the purpose of a school then you allow everything else to change, but if the purpose does not change then it is diffi...

The aim of this study was to estimate the short term consequences of job insecurity associated with a newly introduced mobility framework in Greece. In specific, the study examined the impact of job insecurity on anxiety, depression, and psychosomatic and musculoskeletal symptoms, two months after the announcement of the mobility framework. In addi...

According to the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, burnout and engagement are psychological reactions that develop when individual characteristics interact with work characteristics. This study tests the JD-R model using multilevel analysis to test the main and moderating effects of teamwork effectiveness among 1156 nurses in 93 departments from...

Purpose: Health care organizations and hospitals in particular are highly resistant to change. The reasons for this are rooted in professional role behaviors, hierarchical structures and the influence of hidden curricula that inform organizational culture. Action research (AR) has been identified as a promising bottom-up approach that has the pote...

Job burnout can have serious personal consequences for individuals, including broken relationships, problematic alcohol use and suicidal ideation. At an organizational level, it is related to reduced productivity, increased absenteeism, job turnover and early retirement. Unfortunately, burnout is noteworthy in that interventions to address it have...

BACKGROUND: Burnout results from a prolonged response to chronic emotional and interpersonal workplace stressors. The focus of research has been widened to job engagement. AIM: Purpose of the study was to examine associations between burnout, job engagement, work demands, and organisational culture (OC) and to demonstrate differences between physi...

Health care is changing. Ageing populations , new therapeutic possibilities and rising expectations have made the provision of health care much more complex than in the past. The changing healthcare landscape means a greater burden for the healthcare professionals (HPs) who are expected to deliver the same quality of care with decreasing resources,...

The European Project “Participative Prevention of Psychosocial Emergent Risks in SME's” (VS/2014/0053) aimed to transfer knowledge on psychosocial risks prevention to a number of stakeholders with a specific emphasis on SMEs. Psychosocial risks focus aspects of work design and the organisation and management of work, and their social contexts, whi...

Objectives: To identify general practitioners' (GPs) knowledge, practices, and obstacles with regard to the diagnosis and management of dementia. Methods: Standardized questionnaires covering knowledge, practices, and obstacles were distributed among a purposive sample of GPs in Kathmandu, Nepal. Three hundred and eighty GPs responded (response...

Background Gossip can both hinder and help in a hospital environment. Despite the fact that research indicated that it occurs most frequently in healthcare, it has not been studied in relation to other organizational manifestations such as burnout and engagement, or quality of care outcomes. We hypothesize that negative gossip, defined as negative...

Health care professionals deal on a daily basis with several job demands - emotional, cognitive, organizational and physical. They must also ensure high quality care to their patients. The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of job demands on quality of care and to investigate team (backup behaviors) and individual (positivity ratio) process...

Purpose: Quality of care and health professional burnout are important issues in their own right, however, relatively few studies have examined both. The purpose of this paper is to explore quality of care and health professional burnout in hospital settings. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is a narrative literature review of quality of c...

For physicians, burnout is the inevitable consequence of the way that medical education is organised and the subsequent maladaptive behaviours that are reinforced in healthcare organisations via the hidden curriculum. Thus, burnout is an important indicator of how the organisation itself is functioning. A central theme in this paper will be the deg...

Background: A fun workplace has become increasingly important for both organizations and their employees. Stressful workplaces, like hospitals, can use fun as a coping mechanism, while types of fun that people engage in can reveal important elements of their organizational culture. The aim of this exploratory qualitative study is to address issues...

We synthesised evidence on biological correlates of psychological stress in hospital-based healthcare professionals, and examined whether there was evidence of consistent biological changes. Electronic databases were searched for empirical studies; 16 articles (0.6%) met the inclusion criteria. Evidence of a relationship between indices of psycholo...

Although it is generally accepted that burnout has an effect on cognitive functioning, very few studies have so far examined the link between cognitive functioning and job burnout. The purpose of this systematic review was to explore the reported association between burnout and cognitive functioning, as assessed objectively (that is, using psychome...

Several types of methodological design have been used to assess the influence of stereotypes among doctors on various aspects of healthcare delivery. This review highlights the key findings and the shortcomings of the different methodological designs used to assess the impact of stereotypes on healthcare delivery, with an emphasis on medical decisi...

Health care professionals deal on a daily basis with several job demands – emotional, cognitive, organizational and physical. They must also ensure high quality care to their patients. The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of job demands on quality of care and to investigate team (backup behaviors) and individual (positivity ratio) process...

Background: Medical residents report high levels of burnout and low engagement, associated with high workload. We hypothesized that teamwork will mitigate the effect of job demands resulting in residents experiencing less burnout and more engagement. Methods: A quantitative survey was conducted among residents in 5 countries: Greece, Bulgaria, Roma...

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the impact of maternal stress on initiation, and establishment of breastfeeding.Methods Ninety five women were included in the study. Maternal stress was assessed: (1) objectively, with plasma cortisol levels taken from participants' as well as the umbilical cord blood, 10 min after delivery; (2) subje...

Medical settings, especially hospitals, represent a challenging environment in which to conduct organizational health interventions. This is due to the fact that healthcare professionals tend to hold pathogenic rather than salutogenic views about health and well-being. Additionally, healthcare professional identity and sense of coherence is deeply...

Objectives: To explore quality in hospitals from the patients' and health care professionals' perspective in line with Act on the Protection of Patient Rights. Design: A qualitative study using a focus group design and semi-structured interviews. Methods: Three focus groups among health care professionals were conducted with 51 participants: 2...

Purpose Organizations have started taking fun as a serious issue. However, to date, academic literature on the subject is relatively rare. The aim of this review is to gain insight into the concept of fun, by highlighting the definitions of fun in the workplace that exist in the literature and reviewing the ways it has been measured in this context...

The need to improve quality of care represents a major goal of all health care systems. The objective of this series is to illuminate how the contextual factors of hospitals from eight European countries, and the well‐being of their healthcare professionals, contribute to either construct or degrade quality of care. The studies reported here provid...

Objectives: Evidence from cognitive sciences has systematically shown that time pressure influences decision-making processes. However, very few studies have examined the role of time pressure on adherence to guidelines in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of time pressure on adherence to guidelines in primary ca...

Evidence from cognitive sciences has systematically shown that time pressure influences decision-making processes. However, very few studies have examined the role of time pressure on adherence to guidelines in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of time pressure on adherence to guidelines in primary care concernin...

In this chapter the author describes organizational change in a number of developing Western countries. More specifically, he profiles recent developments in a selection of countries in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and the East Mediterranean region: Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, Greece, Albania, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovenia, and Croatia....

Objectives: In the framework of the EU project 'Improving quality and safety in the hospital: The link between organizational culture, burnout and quality of care', focus groups (FGs) were conducted to explore hospital environment stressors and their relationship with health care professional (HP) well-being and quality of care. Methods: Semi-st...

Objectives: Based on health care professionals' (HPs) and patients' interviews about work demands and quality of care in hospitals, the study explores the way that patients and HPs constructed their identities to describe and construct the health care system in Greece. Design: This is a qualitative study using a focus group (FG) design. Methods...