Anthony Egrinya Eneji

University of Calabar | unical · Department of Soil Science

The steel industry has brought about economic and social development but has also caused a great deal of resource consumption and environmental pollution. Ecological economic evaluation methods (EEEM) are often used to determine sustainable development. The traditional EEEM included substance/material flow analysis, economic value analysis, life cy...

Background Potassium (K) deficiency has become a common field production problem following the widespread adoption of Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ) transgenic cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) worldwide. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether the introduction of Bt gene directly reduces the K-use efficiency of cotton to induce K deficiency....

Potassium deficiency causes severe yield and quality loss in crops. Mepiquat chloride, a plant growth regulator, can increase K + uptake in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), but the underlying physiological mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we used non-invasive micro-test technique to measure K + and H + fluxes in the root apex with or without i...

To properly understand cotton responses to potassium (K+) deficiency and how its shoot feedback regulates K+ uptake and root growth, we analyzed the changes in root transcriptome induced by low K+ (0.03 mM K+, lasting three days) in self-grafts of a K+ inefficient cotton variety (CCRI41/CCRI41, scion/rootstock) and its reciprocal grafts with a K+ e...

Mepiquat chloride (MC) has been widely used for the field management of cotton and could enhance yield and quality. However, it is not completely clear how MC influences cotton development. A field study was conducted during 2011∼2012 cotton growing seasons to determine the effects of multiple MC applications (from the late seedling stage to near c...

Plant salt tolerance is closely associated with a high rate of root growth. Although root growth is governed by cell-wall and apoplastic pH, the relationship between these factors in the root elongation zone under salinity stress remains unclear. Here, we assess apoplastic pH, pH- and expansin-dependent cell-wall extensibility, and expansin express...

Mechanical harvesting of cotton is an inevitable trend in China due to the current shortage of farm labor. Row spacings of spindle‐type pickers are adjustable between 76 and 102 cm. However, it is not clear which is better for cotton production in the Yellow River Valley. This field study was conducted under stalk incorporation during 2016–2018, an...

Aim: To assess the pleiotropic role of a plant growth regulator, commercially identified as brassinolide (BR) in mitigating waterlogging stress imposed on maize. Study Design: A factorial combination of two maize varieties [Ikom White (IKW) and Oba-98], two BR levels (0 and 250 ml) and two waterlogging stages of maize growth [control (WL0) and seed...

The study was aimed to determine the appropriate nitrogen (N) rate to combine with liming for enhanced maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Two maize varieties [Ikom White (IKW) and Obatanpa-98 (Oba-98)], two lime rates (0 kg ha⁻¹ and 500 kg ha⁻¹) and three N rates (0, 90 and 180 kg ha⁻¹) were used. The treatments were laid as a split-spl...

Nitrogen rates and plant density are two important practices for optimum production of cotton. Field experiment was conducted at two locations within the Research Farm, College of Agriculture, Jalingo (longitude 11° 09' and 11° 30' East and latitude 8° 17' and 9° 01' North) in Nigeria to investigate the influence of nitrogen rates and plant density...

Potassium (K) deficiency is a key limiting factor in cotton (Gossypiumhirsutum) production. By grafting two contrasting cotton cultivars, CCRI41 (more susceptible to K+ deficiency) and SCRC22 (more tolerant of K+ deficiency), we established that cotton shoot plays a vital role in the regulation of root K+ uptake. To identify the genetic basis of th...

Our aim was to assess if Brassinolide (BR) could ameliorate stress caused by waterlogging on maize. Two BR levels (with and without), two maize varieties [Ikom White (IKW) and Obatanpa-98 (Oba-98)] and three growth stages [control (WLo), seedling stage (WL1), and tasseling stage (WL2)] were studied under waterlogging lasting 10 days. Maize growth a...

: The social investment, natural resource consumption, and pollutant emissions involved in steel production can be evaluated comprehensively using the emergy analysis. We explored the sustainability of the steel production system from four aspects: input index, output index, input–output index, and sustainability index. The results showed that the...

Our aim was to determine the combined effect of brassinolide (BR) and lime on the growth and yield of maize on acid soils of South East Nigeria using two BR levels (0 and 250 mL), two maize varieties [Ikom White (IKW) and Oba-98] and two lime levels (0 kg ha⁻¹ and 500 kg ha⁻¹). The IKW was better (P ≤ 0.05) in growth morphology than Oba-98; however...

Calcium and magnesium are related to the structure and functions of soil, especially the saline alkali soil. This study aimed to explore calcium element and magnesium element concentration and accumulation in relation to salt ion uptake and soil quality. The two elements in plant organs were studied for six oat varieties at four growth stages. The...

A study was conducted to assess the effects of a bio-fertilizer and an inorganic fertilizer on growth, yield of spinach vegetable, on four cultivated soils, representing different agro-ecological zones of Chengdu, Hunan, Xiaotangshan and Shaanxi. Three replicates soil samples mixed with bio-fertilizer 100 g per pot and nutrient solution (MgSO 4 , C...

Poultry litter (PL) is a significant source of nutrients, but a suitable amount of carbon needs to be added as a bulking agent during its composting to a stable nutrient source. Here, we characterized the transformation of phosphorus and other plant nutrients during aerobic composting of PL with sugarcane (SW) and cabbage waste (CW) for 120 d. Peri...

Studies were conducted to investigate mineralogical and textural characteristics of Hancheng soils in relation to fertility status, mineralogical, and particle size distribution properties, which were determined from soil samples of the profile pits in 2014. Prepared representative clay fraction samples were subjected to x-ray diffraction analysis...

A study was conducted at the screen house of the Teaching and Research Farm of Akwa Ibom State University, to evaluate the effects of crude oil pollution levels grown with different native plant species on some physicochemical properties of the soil. A 13 x 4 factorial comprising of twelve varieties of native plant species (Axonopus compressus, Pen...

Organic waste recycling is a viable option for reducing energy usage, volume of landfills, air and water pollution, greenhouse gas emissions and preserving natural resources for future use. Composting is an easy and natural bio-degradation process that converts organic wastes into available nutrients for plants. We studied the changes in phosphorus...

Intensive livestock production and poor agricultural management have resulted to excessive loading of soil with phosphors (P), thereby contributing to environmental pollution and impairment of water quality. A study was carried out to determine the extractability and bioavailability of P in soils treated with poultry litter (PL) co-composted with s...

Soil pedons studied of Onwu floodplain in Cross River State, Nigeria for physic-chemical properties of whole-soil and water-stable aggregates 4.75-2.00, 2.00-1.00, 1.00-0.50, 0.50-0.25 and < 0.25 mm. Whole-soil and WSA relative distributions of organic carbon,total nitrogen and available phosphorus were evaluated under two tillage system CT and NT....

Relay intercropping of garlic with full-season cotton is currently one of the dominant cropping systems in China, but the net benefit is decreasing because the system is labor-intensive. Direct planting of short-season cotton after garlic harvest may increase net revenue through reducing labor and material input. Three field experiments were consec...

Cotton production in Nigeria has been severely limited by low or blanket nutrient (especially nitrogen, N) input and poor crop management, involving use of low yielding varieties and sub-optimal plant spacing. Field experiment was conducted during the wet season (June-October) of 2013 at two locations within the Research Farm, College of Agricultur...

en Timing subsurface drainage (SD) at two critical periods to coincide with melting of frozen soil water and the rainy season may effectively lower the groundwater table and increase the leaching of salts. A field experiment was set up in the eastern coastal saline area of Hebei Province, China, to assess the effects of SD on soil water and salinit...

Managing the rapidly changing saline-alkali land under cultivation in the coastal areas of China is important not only for mitigating the negative impacts of such land on the environment, but also for ensuring long-term sustainability of agriculture. In this light, setting up rapid monitoring systems to assist decision-making in developing sustaina...

Our objective was to determine the combined effect of some plant growth regulators and nitrogen (N) on corn growth, yield and nitrogen use efficiency. A potted experiment was conducted with two levels of growth regulators [i.e. with or without treatment with Seed king (Kinetine), Root king (Indole-butyric acid) and More king (Chitosan)], two maize...

Agroforesry is a common traditional practice in China, especially in the saline-alkaline regions, like the lower North China Plain (LNCP) characterized by lower yields of food crops. Adding trees to the agricultural land creates additional fruitsets or woody biomass besides food crops, enabling farmers to diversify the provision of farm commodities...

Widespread potassium (K) deficiencies in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) have been docu- mented throughout cotton producing countries. Potassium fertilizer is needed for high production of cotton yield. This study was conducted to determine whether K fertilizer management can improve efficiency of K nutrition in cotton. The effects of K source, rate...

The DNA is particularly sensitive to UV-B radiation and can readily be damaged by UV-B stress, resulting to the formation of photoproducts like cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs). Silicon has multifarious benefits to plants, especially under biotic and abiotic stress. In this study, we used soybean seedlings to determine whether silicon could all...

The North China Plain (NCP) is one of the most productive and intensively cultivated agricultural regions in China but it experiences severe water shortages; thus field irrigation relies heavily on groundwater. The extraction of groundwater for irrigation has sustained increased grain yield, although the value of the irrigation water has not been e...

Lodging is an important adversity affecting maize yield and quality in the world, especially under dense populations. A field experiment was conducted with two hybrids, Xianyu335 (XY) and Jingdan28 (JD) to study the influence of tillage practices on root system characteristics and their relationships with lodging resistance. The tillage practices i...

An agricultural ecosystem provides provisioning, regulating and supporting services for humans. At the same time, it consumes the resources of other ecosystems, including the investment of economic resources and can generate useless or harmful services, collectively called dis-services. Here, we built a framework for assessing agricultural ecosyste...

Many secondary metabolites have insecticidal efficacy against pests and may be affected by abiotic stress. However, little is known of how plants may respond to such stress as pertains the growth and development of pests. The objective of this study was to determine if and how salt stress on cotton plants affects the population dynamics of aphids....

This study examined properties of soil and runoff water under different land uses: forestry, pasture, cropping and fallow. The moisture level was found higher in the forest soil, while fallow and pasture soils showed a similar level of moisture. In top soil, the water holding capacity of pasture and forest soils was higher than other soils, especia...

Saline soil is considered to have a greater reserve of potentially cultivable land in China, especially in coastal areas with abundant rainfall. The possible use of oats (Avena sativa L. or Avena nuda L.) for phytoremediation of the salinity and thus to improve soil quality for other crops is receiving greater attention. Six varieties (Bayou-1, Bai...

The distribution of plant species and relationships between species and soil factors in the east central part of Gurbantunggut Desert was studied to provide more insight into the flora and determine differences in vegetation across various parts of the desert. Two-way Cluster Analysis showed that the vegetation in the area could be divided into thr...

Using two drought resistant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, ‘Changwu134’ and ‘Changhan58,’ a field experiment was conducted in ChangWu Agro-ecological Experiment Station on China's Loess Plateau during 2008 and 2009 to compare the effects of different fertilizer and tillage treatments on the fructan contents as well as fructan exo-hydrolase...

In the coastal area of eastern China with monsoon climate and high water table, soil salinity exhibits strong spatial heterogeneity at the field scale. Using basic tools of geostatistics and geographic information systems (GIS), we explored the spatial characteristics of soil salinity under rain-fed conditions and subsurface drainage. The results s...

Exploring the relationship between different services has become the focus of ecosystem services research in recent years. The agro-ecosystem, which accounts for one-third of the global land area, provides lots of services but also disservices, depending on resources provided by other systems. In this paper, we explored the agro-ecosystem from four...

Oat is widely used as a food source in human and animal diets. In China, supplementary cultivation of oat has recently been extended into marginal saline soils, due to its extensive use. The goal of the present study was to explore and compare the agronomic characteristics, biomass production, and distribution of oat in coastal saline soil. A singl...

An in situ technology for immobilizing metals in polluted soils could be a more effective approach to managing their toxicity to the environment, especially plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of milled phosphate rock (PR) on the sorption of Ni, Cd and Cu ions in differently textured soils polluted with industrial wastewater...

The effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and potassium (K) fertilizer on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) yield have been well documented but the role of PGRs on K use efficiency is poorly understood. Our specific objective was to determine whether foliar application of PGRs could improve K use efficiency in field-grown cotton. Field experiments we...

The Loess Plateau is considered the cradle of agricultural cultivation in China. The climate, ecology and geography of the area have created a unique farming system on the plateau. Agricultural output in the area increased 25-fold from 1980 to 2008, with more profound increases during the last 5 years because of the adoption of modern farming techn...

Dry-matter transportation and redistribution is an important factor influencing grain weight during the grain filling period. This study, carried out over two consecutive winter wheat growth seasons (2010/2011 and 2011/2012), examined how dry-matter partitioning across segments of the wheat internode during grain filling period is influenced by fer...

An investigation was carried out on the extractability of heavy metals (HM) from livestock manure during composting and their uptake by spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) from compost-amended soil. Significant temporal changes were recorded for elements during composting of manure. Higher concentrations of metals were observed during the early stages o...

Phytoremediation is a promising cleanup technology for contaminated soils, groundwater, and wastewater that is both low-tech and low-cost. The objective of this study was to investigate the ameliorative effect of phytoremediation on municipal wastewater (MWW). For this purpose, a phytoremediation garden was established using different aquatic plant...

Our objectives were to determine the influence of salinity on root cell wall composition in soya beans and the possible mechanism of salt tolerance. Two soya bean cultivars, Touzan 69 (salt sensitive) and Dare (salt tolerant), were selected as experimental material for comparison. Root growth was clearly inhibited by salinity in both cultivars, but...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of silicon (Si) on soybean seedlings under (combined) drought and ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation stresses. Specifically, we determined dry matter accumulation and partitioning of the mineral elements in different organs of soybean seedlings using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (I...

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of silicon (Si) for alleviating Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation stress based on changes in biomass, physiological attributes and photosynthetic characteristics of two soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivars, Kenjiandou 43 (‘K 43’) and Zhonghuang 35 (‘ZH 35’). The cultivars were raised with and withou...

Objective To search for the potential medicinal plant part of Gentiana macrophylla based on changes of secondary metabolites and trace elements in the flowers of G. macrophylla. Methods HPLC was used to detect the changes of the active constituents (longanic acid, sweroside, gentiopicroside, and swertiamarin) and ICP-AES was used for mineral nutri...

It has been widely suggested that calcium (Ca) application ameliorates salt stress, but characteristic changes in root cell wall due to Ca application under saline conditions are poorly documented. Our objectives were: (1) to determine the effect of Ca on root cell wall composition, using two soybean cultivars differing in sensitivity to salt stres...

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-corn (Zea mays L.) rotation system is important for food security in the Huang-Huai-Hai plain of China. Rotation system productivity, sustainable yield index (SYI), and the contribution of each individual nutrient during an 18-year fertilization experiment in Zhengzhou, Henan, China, were recorded. The results showed th...

In winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and other cereal crops, grain filling is the final stage of growth when photosynthate is remobilized into caryopses. Field experiments were conducted at the Changwu Agricultural Research Station on the semiarid Loess Plateau of China to determine how water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) partitioning across winter...

Background: Glycinebetaine, whose biosynthesis could be catalyzed by choline oxidase (COD), is an extremely efficient compatible solute for scavenging oxidative stress-inducing molecules and protecting the photosynthetic system in plants. To study the effects of the codA transgene for choline oxidase on the drought resistance and recovery, a transg...

Underground water pollution associated with nitrate leaching has become a major concern in areas with intensive cereal production; in areas with dry climates, water scarcity is the main limitation to crop production. We thus hypothesized that use of super absorbent polymers (SAP) may effectively increase nitrogen use efficiency by minimizing leachi...

Leaf senescence varies greatly among genotypes of cotton (Gossypium hirsutium L), possibly due to the different expression of senescence-related genes. To determine genes involved in leaf senescence, we performed genome-wide transcriptional profiling of the main-stem leaves of an early- (K1) and a late-senescence (K2) cotton line at 110 day after p...

Overview of the short-read based transcriptome analysis approach for non-model organisms. Mapping is an option only if a suitable reference genome is available; otherwise FASTA (or FASTQ) sequences must be used [54]. (TIF)

Chlorophyll (Chl) content and net photosynthetic (Pn) rate of the fourth leaf from the apex on the main-stem at 65–110 d after planting. Values are means ±SD (n = 4). Initial flowering, peak flowering, peak boll-setting, and initial boll-opening occurred at 65, 80, 95, and 110 d after planting. (TIF)

Primers used for RT-PCR analyses. (TIF)

Potassium (K) and sodium (Na) coexist on the soil exchange complex and soil solution. Both cations may exert antagonistic or synergistic effects on mutual absorption and translocation within plants, particularly under saline and saline-sodic field conditions. This study investigated the role of K in alleviating the adverse effects of Na on wheat [T...

The present study aimed to assess the concentrations of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) in poultry litter (PL) and poultry litter ash (PLA) using eight chemical solutions (acids, chelating agents, salts solution and water). The relationship of maize (Zea mays L.) growth to the P extractability by these extractants wa...

Precise hill-direct-seeded rice, which is both cost- and labor-saving, is based on the direct seeding of rice by using a precision rice hill-drop drilling machine. Weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea), also known as “red rice”, is a major weed in precise hill-direct-seeded rice, causing an ≤80% yield loss and a reduction in grain quality. The aim...

Effect of composting on the extractability of plant nutrients in organic wastes is essential for their recycling in sustainable soil fertility management. Therefore, an experiment was carried out to determine the concentrations of total C, total N, extractable P, K, Na and B in five types of fresh and composted manures (namely buffalo, camel, cow,...

Potato is one of the most important food crops. Numbers of potato genotypes have been cultivated and widely cultured, especially in arid and semi-arid lands, hence, the resistance ability of potato is vital to fight against environmental stresses. In this experiment, we aimed to test five potato cultivars from different regions under drought, salt,...

Ecosystems services, defined as the benefits that humans derive from the ecosystem, have attracted more attention because increasing human population, economic growth and global consumption pattern have placed an enormous pressure on environmental systems in recent years. Ecosystem services research is a frontier research field bridging ecology, ec...

In this research, a new technology for land preparation - smash ridging tillage was studied. The study was carried out from 2011 to 2012 at the Modern Agriculture Exhibition Station of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, located at Huang'chuan (31°52'N, 114°53'E) county, southeast of Henan province, China. There were three tillage methods: plow...

Irshad, M., Saleem, A., Faridullah, Hassan, A., Pervez, A. and Egrinya Eneji, A. 2012. Phosphorus solubility and bioavailability from poultry litter supplemented with gypsum and lime. Can. J. Soil Sci. 92: 893-900. Gypsum and lime are often used as amendments for the regulation of soil reaction (pH), which has an immense influence on soil nutrient...

To elucidate the phytohormonal basis of the feedback regulation of leaf senescence induced by potassium (K) deficiency in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), two cultivars contrasting in sensitivity to K deficiency were self- and reciprocally grafted hypocotyl-to-hypocotyl, using standard grafting (one scion grafted onto one rootstock), Y grafting (two...