
Anthony CaragiuloAmerican Museum of Natural History · Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics
Anthony Caragiulo
Ph.D.
About
41
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Introduction
Additional affiliations
Education
August 2007 - August 2012
August 2005 - May 2007
August 1999 - May 2003
Publications
Publications (41)
Snow leopards (Panthera uncia) inhabit the mountainous regions of High Asia, which experienced serial glacial contraction and expansion during climatic cycles of the Pleistocene. The corresponding impacts of glacial vicariance may have alternately promoted or constrained genetic differentiation to shape the distribution of genetic lineages and popu...
Snow leopards lag far behind in the volume and advancement of genetic-based research, often because direct observation is difficult due to their rugged, remote distribution, their elusive nature, and low densities. Molecular tools can reveal several population characteristics, including population trends, impacts of landscape change, diet, demograp...
Coyotes are ubiquitous on the North American landscape as a result of their recent expansion across the continent. They have been documented in the heart of some of the most urbanized cities, such as Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York City. Here, we explored the genomic composition of 16 coyotes in the New York metropolitan area to investigate geno...
Coyotes are ubiquitous on the North American landscape as a result of their recent expansion across the continent. They have been documented in the heart of some of the most urbanized cities, such as Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York City. Here, we explored the genomic composition of coyotes in the New York metropolitan area to investigate if geno...
Jaguar (Panthera onca) are of conservation concern and occur at very low densities in the northern portion of their range in northern Mexico and the southwestern United States. Environmental DNA sampling to detect genetic material from drinking water may be an effective approach for jaguar detection in these arid landscapes. Here we develop a qPCR...
Dry deciduous dipterocarp forests (DDF) cover about 15%–20% of Southeast Asia and are the most threatened forest type in the region. The jungle cat (Felis chaus) is a DDF specialist that occurs only in small isolated populations in Southeast Asia. Despite being one of the rarest felids in the region, almost nothing is known about its ecology. We in...
Endangered dholes ( Cuon alpinus ) are restricted to small and declining populations in Southeast Asia, and little is known about how their ecology differs within the region. We used DNA‐confirmed scats and prey surveys to determine the seasonal diet and prey selection of dholes in 2 different landscapes that dominate Southeast Asia: closed evergre...
Connectivity among jaguar (Panthera onca) populations will ensure natural gene flow and the long-term survival of the species throughout its range. Jaguar conservation efforts have focused primarily on connecting suitable habitat in a broad-scale. Accelerated habitat reduction, human-wildlife conflict, limited funding, and the complexity of jaguar...
Background:
Connectivity among jaguar (Panthera onca) populations will ensure natural gene flow and the long-term survival of the species throughout its range. Jaguar conservation efforts have focused primarily on connecting suitable habitat in a broad-scale. Accelerated habitat reduction, human-wildlife conflict, limited funding, and the complexi...
Background Connectivity among jaguar (Panthera onca) populations will ensure natural gene flow and the long-term survival of the species throughout its range. Jaguar conservation efforts have focused primarily on connecting suitable habitat in a broad-scale. Accelerated habitat reduction, human-wildlife conflict, limited funding, and the complexity...
We studied the Indochinese leopard (Panthera pardus delacouri) in eastern Cambodia, in one of the few potentially remaining viable populations in Southeast Asia. The aims were to determine the: (i) current leopard density in Srepok Wildlife Sanctuary (SWS) and (ii) diet, prey selection and predation impact of leopard in SWS. The density, estimated...
Large-scale ungulate migrations result in changes in prey availability for top predators and, as a consequence, can alter predator behavior. Migration may include entire populations of prey species, but often prey populations exhibit partial migration with some individuals remaining resident and others migrating. Interactions of migratory prey and...
Index of guanaco counts in the north grid (summer range) and south grid (winter range) using one record per day per camera station.
Independent records of guanacos were summed for intervals of 14 days and are presented here for intervals when all camera trap stations (n = 69) were active. Camera set up was completed for the south grid during the fi...
Model comparison table of a priori spatial mark-resight models used to estimate puma density.
See text for explanation of covariates. AICc = Akaike’s Information Criterion adjusted for small sample sizes (AICc); Δ AICc = difference between the model AICc and the lowest AICc; λ0 = encounter rate, σ = spatial scale parameter that relates decline in d...
Plots generated by Spatial Mark-Resight to determine appropriate buffer size.
A) Plot of estimated density (y-axis, in individuals per hectare) versus buffer size (x-axis) for the best fitting multi-session SMR model. Note the asymptote in density well before reaching the buffer size of 12,000 m used in our analysis.
B) Encounter rate of pumas as a...
Spanish abstract (Resumen en español).
(PDF)
Cost-benefit trade-offs for individuals participating in social behaviors are the basis for current theories on the evolution of social behaviors and societies. However, research on social strategies has largely ignored solitary animals, in which we assume that rare interactions are explained by courtship or territoriality or, in special circumstan...
Mesoamerican jaguars (Panthera onca) have been extirpated from over 77% of their historic range, inhabiting fragmented landscapes at potentially reduced population sizes. Maintaining and restoring genetic diversity and connectivity across human-altered landscapes has become a major conservation priority; nonetheless large-scale genetic monitoring o...
PCR reactions and thermocycling conditions for multiplex 1–5.
(DOCX)
Summary statistics of genetic diversity by locus for Mesoamerican jaguars.
Estimates of genetic diversity for jaguars (n = 115) detected across five Mesoamerican countries (Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico), including number of alleles (NA), rarified allelic richness (AR), expected heterozygosity (HE), and inbreeding coefficient (FIS...
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and null allele analysis for Mesoamerican jaguars.
P-value for the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) test (PHW), and frequency of null alleles (FNull) at 12 microsatellite loci for 115 jaguar samples collected across five Mesoamerican countries (Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico). n, number of individuals.
(D...
Results of hierarchical STRUCTURE analysis in Mesoamerican jaguars.
The optimal number of genetic clusters (K) in Mesoamerican jaguars using STRUCTURE, version 2.3.4 [47] was chosen based on posterior probability (mean L(K), A) and delta K (ΔK, mean (|L”(K)|)/SD(L(K)), D) for each K value. Bayesian clustering analysis was conducted for jaguars dete...
Genetic structure in Mesoamerican jaguars excluding closely related individuals.
Results were obtained from Bayesian clustering analysis (K = 2) using STRUCTURE, version 2.3.4 [47] and genotype data from 12 microsatellite loci for jaguars (n = 48), excluding closely related individuals. Individuals were collected at various sampling sites (1–3, nor...
Snow Leopards: Biodiversity of the World: Conservation from Genes to Landscapes is the only comprehensive work on the biology, behavior, and conservation status of the snow leopard, a species that has long been one of the least studied, and hence poorly understood, of the large cats.
Breakthroughs in technologies and methodologies to study this elu...
The snow leopard's life history, diet, and population status is poorly understood due to its remote distribution and occurrence at low densities. This information is critical for understanding population trends, important prey species, human-snow leopard conflict, causes for decline, genetic and demographic threats, and as a rigorous way of measuri...
Noninvasive sampling can provide an efficient means of genetically monitoring mammals. Due to the fragmented quality of DNA derived from such samples, few methods span taxonomic groups beyond species. Here, we describe a more universal protocol for the molecular sex identification of order Carnivora. PCR amplification of a 176 bp segment of the SRY...
In Table 1, the information in the “Source msat data” column is incorrect for the “Zambia” row. Please see the corrected Table 1 here.
Table 1
Overview of lion populations included in this study.
The evolutionary history of a species is key for understanding the taxonomy and for the design of effective management strategies for species conservation. The knowledge about the phylogenetic position of the lion (Panthera leo) in West/Central Africa is largely based on mitochondrial markers. Previous studies using mtDNA only have shown this regio...
There are several alternative hypotheses about the effects of territoriality, kinship and prey availability on individual carnivore distributions within populations. The first is the land‐tenure hypothesis, which predicts that carnivores regulate their density through territoriality and temporal avoidance. The second is the kinship hypothesis, whic...
Genetic monitoring of tiger source populations is a conservation priority, yet due to low sample sizes and poor DNA quality, scat DNA has failed to produce the powerful studies needed to inform management decisions in humid, tropical landscapes. Here, we report the first successful extraction of DNA from tiger scent marks, a hitherto neglected gene...
China is home to three subspecies of tiger Panthera tigris but there are no estimates of the size of any of the populations. We detected a population of the Endangered Amur tiger Panthera tigris altaica in Hunchun Nature Reserve in Jilin Province using both mitochondrial DNA and nuclear microsatellite loci. Four male and one female tigers were dete...
Jaguars (Panthera onca) have been extirpated from over 54% of their historic range. The situation is particularly concerning in Mesoamerica where jaguars exist in only 33% of their former range due to extensive habitat loss and fragmentation. Despite this overall decline, little is known about specific conservation applications to reverse this tren...
Jaguars (Panthera onca) have been extirpated from over 54% of their historic range. The situation is particularly concerning in Mesoamerica where jaguars exist in only 33% of their former range due to extensive habitat loss and fragmentation. Despite this overall decline, little is known about specific conservation applications to reverse this tren...
We employed global positioning system (GPS) lo-cations of 18 marked cougars and genetic material from 68 cougars in the Southern Yellowstone Ecosystem to test our current assumptions about the social organization of this non-cooperative, solitary carnivore. We tested whether variable numbers of spatial associations over 7 years of our project could...
Abstract The jaguar (Panthera onca) is the largest felid in the Western hemisphere, and the only member of the Panthera genus in the New World. The jaguar inhabits most countries within Central and South America, and is considered near threatened by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. This study represents the first sequence of...
Pumas occupy the largest latitudinal range of any New World terrestrial mammal. Human population growth and associated habitat reduction has reduced their North American range by nearly two-thirds, but the impact of human expansion in Central and South America on puma populations is not clear. We examined mitochondrial DNA diversity of pumas across...
Forest fragmentation and abandonment of lands managed for agriculture are widespread processes in eastern North America that might promote the expansion of exotic pests. We studied populations of Rhamnus cathartica L. (European buckthorn), an invasive alien plant in North America, in maple-beech forests, abandoned agricultural fields, and unmanaged...