Anthony Arundel

• Maastricht University

Theories of a service or public sector logic stress that involving users in developing public sector innovations will produce better outcomes, but outcomes also could be influenced by the type of user involvement. We evaluate the relationship between interactive and non-interactive methods of involving users in innovation activities, along with six...

This study uses econometric methods and survey data for 2,137 European public sector organizations to examine the effects of deeply engaging with external knowledge sources and user co-creation on service innovation outcomes. Drawing on innovation support and constraint theories, we find that the effects of engaging with external knowledge sources...

We use survey data for up to 292 universities in 17 European countries to examine the influence of the employment share in knowledge-intensive services (KIS), location in a metropolitan region, and competition from other universities and research institutes in the same region on three measures of university knowledge transfer outcomes: the number o...

A common policy goal in both high- and middle- income countries is to increase the commercialization of research findings produced by the public research sector in order to support economic growth. This process involves the transfer of knowledge produced by public research organizations, including both universities and public research institutes, t...

Universities and public research institutes play a key role in enabling the application of scientific breakthroughs and innovations in the marketplace. Many countries – developed and developing alike – have implemented national strategies to support the application or commercialization of knowledge produced by public research organizations. Univers...

Universities and public research institutes play a key role in enabling the application of scientific breakthroughs and innovations in the marketplace. Many countries – developed and developing alike – have implemented national strategies to support the application or commercialization of knowledge produced by public research organizations. Univers...

Universities and public research institutes play a key role in enabling the application of scientific breakthroughs and innovations in the market- place or by government organizations. Their present and potential future contribution to the production and application of knowledge to innovation is undeniable. To further leverage this role, many count...

Inspired by recent calls for a transformation of management scholarship, we conduct a scoping review of empirical studies during 1998–2015 on the phenomenon of social innovation within organizations. Social innovations are novel solutions that address social problems and create value for society as a whole. We make several problem-based observation...

The Maastricht Manual on Measuring Eco-innovation offers guidance on the measurement of eco-innovation in order to provide high quality data for research and policies to support the green economy. The Maastricht Manual has been designed for researchers, policy makers and statisticians from National Statistical Offices (NSOs) and other organisation...

This paper published at Wirtschaftspolitische Blätter, written by experts of eco-innovation, offers guidance on the measurement of eco-innovation for a green economy. This is done through definitions, an explanation of important issues for understanding, a dis- cussion of the various ways in which eco-innovation (in its different forms) can be meas...

This study uses an abduction-based approach to identify the capabilities harnessed by nonprofit organizations (NPOs) as they develop social innovations. The context of this study is the Australian disability sector currently undergoing a once-in-a-generation social policy reform with the implementation of the National Disability Insurance Scheme. D...

Using data from a sample of 301 Australian disability nonprofit organizations (NPOs), this study applies configurational thinking to identify combinations of organizational capabilities that lead to Nonprofit Social Innovation (NSI)—a new service or process that promotes social inclusion of people with disabilities—and examines whether NSI is a suf...

There is sufficient evidence, drawn from surveys of innovation in the public sector and cognitive testing interviews with public sector managers, to develop a framework for measuring public sector innovation. Although many questions that are covered in the Oslo Manual guidelines for measuring innovation in the private sector can be applied with som...

This chapter embraces complexity theory as a basis for theorizing social innovation in nonprofit organizations (NPOs) operating in the Australian disability sector, which is currently grappling with the implementation of a disruptive policy reform leading to a paradigm shift in the funding of disability support services, the National Disability Ins...

Using data from a sample of 2,528 European service firms, this study applies configurational thinking to identify combinations or “recipes” of attributes that can result in service innovation. Attributes of interest include the sector of service activities, the type of market served, the presence of production in other countries, the introduction o...

Online food retail has the potential to broaden access to systems of food provision which promote social and environmental quality attributes. This possibility is explored using data from a survey of 365 consumers who purchased food either via internet retailers of local and organic food, or via farmers’ markets, in Vancouver, Canada and Melbourne,...

Positioned in the midst of the heated debate about the production of relevant and usable knowledge for practitioners in the nonprofit sector and a serious shortage of high-impact research that speaks to practice, the purpose of this Research Note is to direct nonprofit scholarship towards embracing ‘abduction’, which is the initial creative stage i...

This study applies a holistic approach grounded in configurational theory to a sample of 2505 innovative public administration agencies in Europe to explore the effect of organizational risk aversion on the benefits from service innovations. The analyses, using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), identify several combinations of strat...

This study explores the configurations of innovation capabilities (“recipes”) that enable firms in low-technology industries (“low-tech firms”) to achieve high innovative performance. Using a sample of 614 Brazilian low-tech firms, the study employs fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to identify how the four capabilities – development...

This study examines the impact that the two types of knowledge assets — technological knowledge and skills-related knowledge — have on the link between inter-firm collaboration (IFC) and product innovation performance, measured by the sales share of new-to-market products. Drawing on transaction cost economics (TCE), we propose that the relation sp...

Factor and cluster analysis are used to identify different methods that public sector agencies in Europe use to innovate, based on data from a 2010 survey of 3273 agencies. The analyses identify three types of innovative agencies: bottom-up, knowledge-scanning, and policy-dependent. The distribution of bottom-up agencies across European countries i...

Using data from a nationally representative survey of all Australian Government employees, we explore the nature of innovation implemented at the workgroup level and assess the multidimensionality of the workgroup’s ‘most significant innovation’ (MSI). Of the 10222 survey respondents, 48% reported at least one innovation implemented by their workgr...

Complex innovation incorporates more than one innovation type. Using the number of dimensions of the ‘most significant innovation’ implemented by each public employee’s workgroup as a proxy for innovation complexity, this study explores factors that are associated with complexity and examines how complexity affects innovation outcomes. Employing a...

We use survey data for 247 European universities and 40 public research organizations to investigate the effects of institutional policies on four outcomes of transfer performance (R&D agreements with companies, patent applications, licence agreements, and start-ups established). We find that the effects of policies to establish clear rules, improv...

Interviews with 37 branch level managers in the Australian Federal Government were conducted to determine how managers understood the concept of innovation and their familiarity with different types of innovations. A follow-on survey found that 91% of branches introduced an innovation in the previous two years. This high rate suggests that many of...

On the basis of data for nearly 4,400 European firms collected for Innobarometer 2007, we analyse the relationship between product and process innovations and the ways in which each type of innovation is generated. The questions we investigate include (1) the connection between sectoral technology levels and product and process innovation; (2) if p...

Environmental innovation is an essential part of a knowledge based economy, as environmental innovation makes economies more efficient by encouraging and facilitating the use of fewer material or energy inputs per unit of output. In this respect, environmental innovation replaces material inputs with knowledge. Environmental innovation should also...

The purpose of the Knowledge Transfer Study 2010-2012 was to help set up a monitoring and reporting system to follow up and promote implementation of the Commission's 2008 Recommendation on the management of intellectual property in knowledge transfer activities and Code of Practice for universities and other public research organisations (PROs). T...

This study examines, through the theoretical lens of absorptive capacity, how the interaction between investments in R&D and training moderates the influence of collaboration with public research organisations (PROs) on firm innovation performance. Using data for 1,086 innovating firms across all industry sectors in the Australian state of Tasmania...

Widespread support within the European Union for cooperative R&D and for innovation networks between firms is founded on the belief that these types of knowledge flows improve innovation outputs. The general consensus, based on previous survey research, is that more innovative firms tend to use an above average number of external knowledge sources....

The MEADOW Guidelines propose a measurement framework for collecting and interpreting internationally harmonised data on organisational change and its economic and social impacts for both private and public sector organisations. Reliable harmonised statistics on organisational change would provide the basis for effective benchmarking through the ex...

This paper provides a survey on studies that analyze the macroeconomic effects of intellectual property rights (IPR). The first part of this paper introduces different patent policy instruments and reviews their effects on R&D and economic growth. This part also discusses the distortionary effects and distributional consequences of IPR protection a...

Upon request of the Netherlands Minister of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality a study has been conducted into the future of plant breeding in the light of developments around plant breeder’s rights and patent rights. The following questions were formulated: Present a review of the trends in the different plant breeding subsectors and the product...

This article provides an overview of the current use of biotechnology to produce human health products and short-term estimates of the number and types of these products that are likely to reach the market by 2015. Relevant health products include biopharmaceuticals, experimental therapies (e.g. cell/tissue engineering and gene therapy), small mole...

The main current uses of biotechnology for agriculture and related natural resources (ANR) are for plant and animal breeding and diagnostics, with a few applications in veterinary medicine. This encompasses the use of both transgenic and non-transgenic biotechnologies. This study provides an overview of the current state of technological developmen...

Rapport van Wageningen UR over de toekomst van de plantveredeling in het licht van de ontwikkelingen in het octrooirecht en het kwekersrecht. Aanpassing van wet- en regelgeving is een van de aanbevelingen.

Plant breeding serves an important public interest. Two intellectual property (IP) systems are relevant for the protection of innovations in this sector: plant breeder's rights and patent rights. Some exemptions play an important role in plant breeding, such as the 'breeder's exemption', which is unknown in patent rights. This study shows that pate...

Exxon Mobil and ConocoPhillips stock price has been predicted using the difference between core and headline CPI in the United States. Linear trends in the CPI difference allow accurate prediction of the prices at a five to ten-year horizon.

This article explores the link between the organization of work and innovation by developing national aggregate indicators for the EU member states of organizational forms and innovation modes (how firms innovate). The organizational indicators are constructed from the Third European Survey of Working Conditions results for 8081 salaried employees...

Modern biotechnology is one of the key enabling technologies of the 21st century with a potentially wide range of applications in many sectors, including health, agriculture and industrial processes. Considering the potential of modern biotechnology to contribute to the achievement of major European Union policy goals, such as economic growth and j...

Henry Miller's opinion piece, Biotech's defining moments [1], in the February issue of Trends in Biotechnology, raises the important problem of how to define biotechnology and some ofthe problems that definitional issues have created, in his opinion, for regulation. He then turns to the report GEeD Biotechnology Statistics 2006 (http://www.oecd.org...

Patent databases contain a wealth of technical information, but only a fraction of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) use them as an information source. The characteristics of SMEs that use patent databases and the reasons why they do or do not use them are investigated in this study. Part of the analysis is based on the Community...

In this paper we offer a discussion of eco-innovation and methods for measuring it. Eco-innovation is a new concept of great importance to business and policy makers, covering many innovations of environmental benefit. Past research and measurement activity primarily focused on pollution control and abatement activities or on the environmental good...

The European Innovation Progress Report 2006 provides a summary of the findings and analysis undertaken during 2005 under the umbrella of the European TrendChart on Innovation. The findings are based on empirical analysis of trends in key indicators (the European Innovation Scoreboard 2005 – EIS 2005) and a qualitative analysis of the public policy...

It is widely recognised that while expenditures on research and development are important inputs to successful innovation, these are not the only inputs. Further, rather than viewing innovation as a linear process, recent work on innovation in business and economics literatures characterises it as a complex and interactive process involving multipl...

This article explores the link between the organization of work and innovation by developing national aggregate indicators for the EU member states of organizational forms and innovation modes (how firms innovate). The organizational indicators are constructed from the Third European Survey of Working Conditions results for 8081 salaried employees...

We use the results of the policies, appropriation and competitiveness in Europe (PACE) 1993 survey of Europe's largest firms to explore the effect of proximity on knowledge flows from affiliated firms, suppliers, customers, joint ventures, competitors and public research organisations to innovative firms. The focus is on the last. First, we find th...

This working paper provides input and a framework for a broader discussion of the identification of user needs that should inform the development of biotechnology statistics and indicators. This document identifies and evaluates the main types of indicators that may be required to inform policy actions. Given the embryonic state of biotechnology, t...

On trouvera dans le présent document de travail des informations et un cadre d’analyse qui permettront d’inscrire dans un contexte plus large l’examen des besoins des utilisateurs aux fins du développement de statistiques et d’indicateurs des biotechnologies. Ce document met en évidence et évalue les principaux types d’indicateurs susceptibles d’éc...

We use the results of a 1993 survey of EuropeÕs largest firms to explore the effect of proximity on knowledge flows from suppliers, customers, joint ventures, competitors and public research organisations to innovative firms. The focus is on the latter, since they are an essential component of National Innovation Systems. The importance of proximit...

This chapter offers an overview of the employment effects of four types of biotechnology for industrial production and agriculture. Employment effects and environmental effects are assessed at varying points of the value chain (from extraction, cultivation, processing, use, and waste management after use) but the focus is on employment effects at t...

The survey seeks to determine the employment and skills consequences of seven categories of environmental innovation for the innovating company and how such effects are related to factors such as the motivation for innovating (cost reduction, compliance with environmental regulations and so on) and to company and market characteristics (the basis f...

Several data sources are used to estimate the potential impact of innovation in agro-biotechnology on employment in the European agro-food chain. In the late 1990s, approximately 50,000 jobs were directly due to biotechnology. The indirect employment effects are likely to be much larger. Four of the five main innovation strategies for new plant var...

Innovation researchers over the past decade have increasingly stressed the importance of external knowledge sources to the ability of firms to innovate. These include user-producer networks (Lundvall, 1992), collaborative research with other firms or universities (Hagedoornet al2000) informal and formal links with universities (Mansfield, 1991; Pav...

'National Innovation Systems' theories are built upon the assumption that linkages among organisations matter to innovation. Specifically, proximity is a crucial factor in most of the explanations of regional innovation systems. Yet several thing, such as the rapid growth of the internet and email, suggest that the role of proximity could be breaki...

All seed rms in six EU countries were surveyed in May 1999 to determine how seed development budgets were distributed across three crop development technologies and the eÚects of the type of technology in use on employment, sales and exports. The results indicate that an evaluation of the economic consequences of an emergent technology such as gene...