Anthony O Akintomide

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Verified

Anthony verified their affiliation via an institutional email.

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• B.Sc, M.B.,Ch.B., Dip. Card., FWACP
• Professor at Obafemi Awolowo University

Lutembacher syndrome (LS) is a rare syndrome comprising a combination of atrial septal defect (ASD) and mitral stenosis. We present the case of a 28-year-old man, who presented with progressively worsening dyspnea of 2 months associated with orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, bilateral leg swelling and productive cough. Chest X-ray revealed p...

Background: Hypertensive heart failure (HHF) is the commonest form of heart failure (HF) in Nigeria. There is paucity of data in Nigeria, on 24-hour Holter electrocardiography (24-HHECG) and important predictors of arrhythmias among HHF patients. Objectives: To determine the 24-HHECG characteristics among HHF patients. To determine the clinical and...

Introduction: hypertension is the most common cardiac disease in Nigeria. There are very limited studies in Nigeria on the use of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (24-h ABPM) for evaluation of hypertensive patients. Twenty four-hour ABPM, unlike office blood pressure (OBP), can assess diurnal variation using parameters like awake blood...

Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in women. Systemic hypertension is the commonest risk factor for CVD, and it frequently coexists with other risk factors in women, thereby increasing the absolute cardiovascular risk. Objective This study set out to study the spectrum of arrhythmia burden and CVD risk factors among...

Background Masquerading bundle branch block (MBBB) is a rare and important electrocardiographic pattern. It consists of right bundle branch block (RBBB) in precordial leads and left bundle branch block (LBBB) in limb leads. It indicates advanced conduction system abnormality usually associated with severe underlying heart disease. MBBB is associate...

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a measure of atherosclerotic vascular disease and considered a comprehensive picture of all alterations caused by multiple cardiovascular risk factors over time on the arterial walls. We...

Background Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD; also known as Sharp’s syndrome) is a rare autoimmune inflammatory disorder characterized by high titer of U1 ribonucleoprotein (U1RNP) antibody and clinical and serological overlap of systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, and polymyositis. The diagnosis is based on clinical and serologic...

Background Hypertensive heart failure (HHF) is the commonest form of heart failure in Nigeria. There is paucity of data in Nigeria on 24-hour Holter electrocardiography (24-HHECG) and important predictors of arrhythmias among HHF patients. Objectives To determine the 24-HHECG characteristics among HHF patients. To determine the clinical and echoca...

Background Heart failure (HF) is a major cause of cardiovascular admissions and hypertensive heart failure (HHF) is the most common cause of HF admissions in sub-Saharan Africa, Nigeria inclusive. Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is being increasingly recognized in HF and found to be an independent predictor of adverse outcomes in HF. This study...

Background Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is the commonest hemoglobinopathy and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is reported to play a significant role in this regard. There is very limited literature on PH in SCA in Nigeria. Objectives The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of Doppler-d...

Background Hypertensive heart failure (HHF) is associated with a poor prognosis. There is paucity of data in Nigeria on prognosis among HHF patients elucidating the role of 24-hour Holter electrocardiogram (ECG) in concert with other risk factors. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic utility of 24-hour Holter ECG, the 6-...

BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is common in heart failure patients. Literature on PH in heart failure is sparse in Nigeria. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of PH in heart failure patients and ascertain the relationship between left ventricular systolic and diastolic function and the degree of PH. METHODS A total of 1...

Background: Pregnancy is a physiological process associated with an increased hemodynamic load and cardiac structural remodeling. Limited echocardiographic information exists on cardiac chambers, left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic functions, and LV mass during trimesters of normal pregnancy among African women. Materials and methods: E...

Background: Hypertension is a common health problem and a major risk factor of cardiovascular disease. The most important mechanism by which hypertension acts as a cardiovascular risk factor is the induction of arteriosclerosis. The early phase of atherosclerosis before its clinical manifestation can be studied using B-mode ultrasonography. Aims...

Background: Anthropometric parameters are useful for indexing cardiovascular variables. Objectives: This study aimed at determining the association between anthropometric parameters and autonomic cardiovascular indices (ACIs) among young adults. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study involving 204 healthy young adults who...

Objective: This study investigated the effects of cardiac rehabilitation exercise protocols on physical function (PF) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Study Design and Setting: This randomized controlled trial recruited 70 patients who are in stage II CHF with ejection fraction (≤40%) from a Nigerian university teaching hospital. They...

Comparative cardiovascular responses to treadmill and bicycle ergometer (bike) exercise tests in hypertensive Nigerians are not known. This study compared cardiovascular responses to the two modes of exercise testing in hypertensives using maximal exercise protocols. One hundred and ten male subjects with mild-to-moderate hypertension underwent max...

This study assessed healthy young adults to determine the normal limits for electrocardiographic variables and cut-off values for left ventricular hypertrophy. It was a cross sectional descriptive study in which the participants were evaluated clinically by standard 12-lead resting electrocardiogram (ECG) at 25mm/s during quiet respiration. The hea...

Background Facilities for Holter electrocardiography (ECG) monitoring in many Nigerian hospitals are limited. There are few published works in Nigeria on the use of 24-hour Holter ECG in cardiac arrhythmic evaluation of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Objective To study the clinical indications, arrhythmic pattern, and heart rate variabilit...

Background In patients with heart failure, death is often sudden due to life-threatening arrhythmias. This work was carried out to evaluate the pattern of arrhythmias in Nigerians with heart failure. Materials and methods Thirty subjects with congestive heart failure (CHF), 30 subjects with hypertensive heart disease, and 15 normal subjects with n...

Assessment of cardiac autonomic function (CAF) is an important non-invasive investigation in medical practice. This study aimed at assessing the effects of age and sex on autonomic cardiovascular indices. It was a cross-sectional descriptive study involving 204 apparently healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 40years who were residents of Obafe...

Background There are very limited published studies in Nigeria on the use of 24 hour Holter electrocardiogram (Holter ECG) in the arrhythmic evaluation of hypertensive and diabetic patients. Objective To evaluate indications, arrhythmic pattern of Holter ECG, and heart rate variability (HRV) among patients with hypertensive heart disease (HHD) wit...

Background The diagnosis of Marked First Degree Atrioventricular Block is made with electrocardiogram when PR interval ≥0.30 s. A PR interval of up to 0.48 s had been reported in literature. Data is sparse on an extremely prolonged PR interval associated with Atrioventricular Dissociation and Pseudo-Pacemaker Syndrome. Electrocardiogram with this t...

BACKGROUND Blood pressure (BP) control in hypertensives is important in preventing cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. This work was done to assess control of BP among Nigerian hypertensives at rest and during exercise. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 85 male hypertensives were recruited consecutively and had clinical evaluation and trea...

C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase reactant produced in the liver in response to tissue injury or systemic inflammation, its release is stimulated by cytokines (interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha). Elevated CRP levels have been linked to an increased risk of later development of diabetes mellitus and systemic hypertension. Basel...

Left ventricular hypertrophy is independently associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular and all cause mortality. In a relatively healthy hypertensive adult population, type II diabetes is associated with higher left ventricular mass, concentric left ventricular geometry and lower myocardial function independent o...

The Tei index is a Doppler-derived myocardial performance index. It is a measure of the combined systolic and diastolic myocardial performance of both the left and right ventricles. The incidence of heart failure (HF) is increasing globally, and its severity can be clinically assessed using the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classific...

Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy is an important predictor of morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients, and its geometric pattern is a useful determinant of severity and prognosis of heart disease. Studies on LV geometric pattern involving large number of Nigerian hypertensive patients are limited. We examined the LV geometric pattern in h...

Echocardiography remains a key noninvasive cardiac investigative tool in the management of patients, especially in a developing economy like Nigeria. In this study, we investigated the indications for transthoracic echocardiography and spectrum of cardiac disease found in patients referred to our cardiac unit for echocardiography. A prospective two...

Objective: To determine the basic demographic patterns of cardiovascular diseases, deaths, and the frequency of clinical causes of deaths in medical wards of a tertiary health centre in a rural area, south west Nigeria. Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis of patients’ records admitted into the medical wards of Federal Medical Centre IdoE...

Background. Diabetes mellitus is an established risk factor for cardiovascular events and has been found to be independently associated with abnormal left ventricular function. We therefore decided to embark on this study to assess the left ventricular function in our diabetic patients.Method. The study design was cross-sectional and conducted amon...

The study determined the diastolic and systolic pressure, anthropometric parameters, serological parameters comprising fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) as well as the socio-economic status (SES) of inhabitants of Ilora with a view to providing information on impact of SES on metabolic s...

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a common pathophysiological consequence of hypertension. Various voltage (ECG) criteria exist for evaluation of LVH. This study assessed the performance of 4 commonly used ECG criteria in south-western Nigeria. A cross-sectional descriptive study of adult hypertensive subjects. Participants were assessed for LV...

This study aimed to determine the mean values of electrocardiographic parameters, and to describe the pattern of electrocardiograms in young adults. 353 healthy young adults were evaluated by medical history, physical examination, and standard 12-lead electrocardiogram. The mean heart rate, QRS duration, PR interval, QT interval, corrected QT inter...

Objective This study aimed to determine the mean values of electrocardiographic parameters, and to describe the pattern of electrocardiograms in young adults. Methods and results 353 healthy young adults were evaluated by medical history, physical examination, and standard 12-lead electrocardiogram. The mean heart rate, QRS duration, PR interval, Q...

Background: Previous studies have suggested that a high body mass index (BMI) was associated with improved outcome in congestive heart failure (CHF). The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between BMI and echocardiographic variables of cardiac function in stable outpatients with heart failure. Methods and materials: This is a cros...

Hypertensive heart disease(HHD) in Nigerians, is associated with concentric LVH and a high frequency of early valvular regurgitations (VR). HHD is the commonest cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in that population, but the role of arrhythmias in these is not known. We therefore (a)investigated the relationship between VR and cardiac arrhythmias i...

Heart failure is a major public health concern. Prediction models in heart failure have employed echo-cardiography and other advanced laboratory parameters in predicting the risk of mortality. However, most of the patients in the resource poor economies still do not have easy access to these advanced technology. To determine the clinical and echoca...

Background Interpretation of electrocardiogram (ECG) is based on a set of criteria established in defined population. Age, race and gender seem to influence electrocardiogram. This study assessed the gender differences in the ECG of young adults in South-Western Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and forty four (244) healthy young adults c...

Exercise capacity, like some other variables of exercise stress test, is a strong predictor of cardiovascular and overall mortality. Many confounding factors, including gender, have been found to affect exercise capacity. This study evaluated whether exercise capacity differs in age-matched type 2 diabetic Nigerian men and their women counterparts...

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an independent risk factor for adverse cardiac outcomes in hypertensive patients. This study is designed to assess the cardiovascular responses to treadmill exercise among Nigerian hypertensives with echocardiographically proven LVH. Fifty hypertensive patients with LVH (27 males and 23 females) between 30 and...

Introduction. Hypertension is the commonest cause of sudden cardiac death in Nigeria and a notable cause or contributor to valvular heart disease in patients with hypertension. It engenders this catastrophe via several pathophysiological mechanisms. Its prevalence has continued to rise significantly and the damage it does to the valves poses addit...

Formulae for predicting functional capacity during 6-minute walk are lacking and the accuracy of the existing formulae has been challenged in deferent populations. The purpose of this study was to develop an equation that would be useful in predicting functional capacity in form of maximum oxygen consumption) (V0 2 ) in Chronic Heart Failure Patien...

The purpose of this study was to assess the functional capacity during a 6-minute corridor walk and a 6-minute bicycle ergometry exercise in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Thirty five patients with stable CHF were recruited for the study. Each subject performed six minutes corridor walk and 6-minute bicycle ergometry testing. The 6-minu...

To determine renal volume in adult patients with essential hypertension and correlate it with age, sex, body mass index (BMI), body surface area (BSA) and duration of hypertension. A total of 150 patients (75 males, 75 females) with essential hypertension and normal renal status were evaluated sonographically in this prospective study. Fifty health...

Studies on cardiovascular risks in relation to anthropometric factors are limited in Sub-Sahara Africa. The aims of this study were to examine the relationship between anthropometric parameters and blood pressure; and to evaluate body mass index (BMI) across the range of underweight and obesity as a primary risk factor of hypertension in adult Nige...

Objective: To determine the risk factors predisposing Nigerian diabetics to overt nephropathy with a view to developing strategies for its prevention. Design: case control study. Setting: Tertiary care hospital, a major nephrology referral centre in Nigeria. Subjects: 30 diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients and 32 age and sex-matched diabetic...

Kidney length has traditionally been used as a predictor of chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, kidney volume (KV) rather than length has been emphasized by researchers as a true predictor of kidney size in states of good health and disease. Since KV can be assumed to be a predictor of kidney mass or remaining surviving nephrons in CKD patients,...

Background: Assessment of JVP is an important aspect of cardiovascular system examination.JVP measurement at bedside is desirable but often neglected due to lack of necessary tool for its assessment.The traditional 'two-ruler' method for non-invasive measurement of JVP is uneasy especially for junior doctors and medical students.Jugulometer is a ne...

Hypertension has been reported to be a major problem of the blacks. There is a paucity of studies, however, on community-based surveys on the prevalence and pattern of hypertension in Nigeria in the recent time. This study sought to investigate the prevalence and pattern of hypertension in the adult population living in the ancient semiurban commun...

Background Hypertension in blacks imposes a greater left ventricular hypertrophy, and accelerated heart failure onset. We evaluated and compared the echocardiographically determined systolic and left ventricular diastolic functional indices in Nigerian hypertensive patients, associated with the chronic use of ACE inhibitors, Calcium channel blocker...

Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between depression and health-related quality of life (QoL) in Nigerian outpatients with heart failure (HF). We used a cross-sectional study in which outpatients with HF (n=100) completed the WHO Quality of Life Scale-Brief Version to assess their subjective QoL. The patients were also assessed for the...

Oral manifestations of diabetes mellitus have been documented, but the effect of glycemic control on the oral tissues has been scantily reported. The oral health status of 65 metabolically controlled adult diabetic patients attending the Diabetes Clinic of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, was prospectively as...

The current prescription patterns for essential hypertension and the efficacy, safety, tolerability and cost-effectiveness of the newer antihypertensive drugs were evaluated in Nigerian patients. The findings were compared with that of a previous study conducted in the same tertiary hospital 10 years earlier. A cross-sectional evaluation of blood p...

Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is the commonest inherited haemoglobinopathy in Nigeria and is associated with high morbidity and mortality, particularly in early childhood in most of the affected population. The cardiac manifestations of SCA are a significant feature of the disease but there is a paucity of information on the cardiovascular involvement...

Most patients with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) show evidence of cardiac dysfunction. This study aimed at clinically and electrocardiographically assessing the exercise capacity of steady state SCA patients using self-paced walking exercise. Forty one (17 males and 24 females) steady state SCA patients between the ages of 15 and 37 years were prospect...

We determined the prevalence of oral disorders and the dental treatment needs of outpatients with epilepsy. A questionnaire was administered to 56 consecutive patients (35 males, 21 females) presenting to an outpatient clinic. All patients underwent dental examinations. The clinical and diagnostic features of each patient's epilepsy were also obtai...

Angiotensin converting enzymes inhibitors are now regarded as the cornerstone of congestive heart failure therapy owing to established reduction in mortality and the symptomatic amelioration following their use. Although the response to converting enzyme inhibitor therapy may be influenced by race, we have reported a trend to reduce intra hospital...

The efficacy, safety, tolerability and speed of onset of the hypotensive action of the combination of oral enalapril (10 mg) prazosin (1 mg) and hydrochlorothiazide (50 mg) has been assessed in 12 Nigerians with severe hypertension (Diastolic BP > or = 115 mmHg). The ages of the patients ranged from 30-60 years, and the serum creatinine from 52-732...

The efficacy and safety of the novel calcium antagonist Amlodipine (Pfizer Laboratories, New York, New York) and hydrochlorothiazide were evaluated and compared in a randomized, single-blind, parallel group study in black Africans with essential hypertension. Twenty Nigerians with newly diagnosed mild to moderate essential hypertension were randomi...

It is not clear how frequently hypertrophic cardiomyopathy coexists with essential hypertension or whether chronic hypertension per se, induces hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (hypertensive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy). Eighty-three Nigerians with essential hypertension alone underwent M-mode and 2 dimensional echocardiographic study. Twenty per cent (...

A retrospective study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of captopril on intrahospital mortality and the duration of hospitalization in Nigerians with congestive heart failure. In 1989 and 1990, the mortality rates were 13.7% and 15.2%, respectively, and it appeared to be reduced to 6.6% in 1991 after the introduction of captopril. There was a s...