Ansoumana Bodian

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• PhD in Hydrology
• Professor (Associate) at Gaston Berger University

This research investigated the effect of climate change on the two main river basins of Senegal in West Africa: the Senegal and Gambia River Basins. We used downscaled projected future rainfall and potential evapotranspiration based on projected temperature from six General Circulation Models (CanESM2, CNRM, CSIRO, HadGEM2-CC, HadGEM2-ES, and MIROC...

In recent years, West Africa has witnessed an increasing number of damaging floods that raise the question of a possible intensification of the hydrological hazards in the region. In this study, the evolution of extreme floods is analyzed over the period 1950–2015 for seven tributaries in the Sudano-Guinean part of the Senegal River basin and four...

Analyzing trends of annual rainfall and assessing the impacts of these trends on the hydrological regime are crucial in the context of climate change and increasing water use. This research investigates the recent trend of hydroclimatic variables in the Senegal River basin based on 36 rain gauge stations and three hydrometric stations not influence...

Reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is a key element of the water cycle in tropical areas for the planning and management of water resources, hydrological modeling, and irrigation management. The objective of this research is to assess twenty methods in computing ET0 in the Senegal River Basin and to calibrate and validate the best methods that inte...

Understanding evapotranspiration and its long-term trends is essential for water cycle studies, modeling and for water uses. Spatial and temporal analysis of evapotranspiration is therefore important for the management of water resources, particularly in the context of climate change. The objective of this study is to analyze the trend of reference...

In recent decades, West Africa has been increasingly exposed to hydrological droughts and floods. However, the extent to which these changes are related to climate change and are likely to persist during the 21st century remains poorly understood. To address this gap, this study integrates plausible regional climate change storylines, derived from...

Floods are a recurring and devastating hazard in West Africa, with significant socio-economic and environmental impacts. A better understanding of their frequency and magnitude is crucial for effective flood risk mitigation, infrastructure design, and water resource management. The lack of reliable hydrometric datasets has hitherto been a major lim...

Senegal, like many West African countries reliant on natural resources and agriculture, faces severe impacts from climate change. This study provides analysis undertaken by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under the Senegal Water Resources Management Activity, investigating historical and projected rainfall extremes to...

In recent decades, West Africa has been increasingly exposed to hydrological droughts and floods. However, the extent to which these changes are related to climate change and are likely to persist during the 21st century remains poorly understood. To address this gap, this study integrates plausible regional climate change storylines, derived from...

Human-induced warming is modifying the water cycle. Adaptation to posed threats requires an understanding of hydrological responses to climate variability. Whilst these can be computationally modelled, observed streamflow data is essential for constraining models, and understanding and quantifying emerging trends in the water cycle. To date, the id...

With the recurrence of flooding in African cities, there is growing interest in developing sufficiently informative tools to help characterize and predict overflow risks. One of the challenges is to develop methods that strike a compromise between the accuracy of simulations, the availability of basic data, and the shortening of calculation times t...

West Africa is projected to face unprecedented shifts in temperature and extreme precipitation patterns as a result of climate change. The devastating impacts of river flooding are already being felt in most West African countries, emphasizing the urgent need for comprehensive insights into the frequency and magnitude of floods to guide the design...

In the alluvial plains of large rivers, annual flooding is essential for numerous ecosystem services, including flood-based agriculture, biodiversity and groundwater recharge. Remote sensing provides increased opportunities to monitor surface water dynamics across large floodplains that are currently poorly captured by local hydrological monitoring...

Devastating flood events are recurrently impacting West Africa. To mitigate flood impacts and reduce the vulnerability of populations, a better knowledge on the frequency of these events is crucial. The lack of reliable hydrometric datasets has hitherto been a major limitation in flood frequency analysis at the scale of West Africa. Utilising a rec...

This study evaluates the accuracy and interpretability of 12 selected machine learning (ML) models for estimating daily reference evapotranspiration (ETo) under semi-arid conditions in Burkina Faso, West African Sahel. Meteorological data (1988–2017) from 9 synoptic stations are used to evaluate model performance. The interpreted variable importanc...

In recent years, accessing rainfall data from ground observation networks maintained by national meteorological services in West Africa has become increasingly challenging. This is primarily due to high acquisition costs and the often sparse distribution of rainfall gauges across the region, which limits their use in hydrological studies and relate...

Study region: Senegal River Basin in West Africa Study focus: This paper aims to evaluate the sensitivity of global hydrological models to potential evapotranspiration (PET) methods in the Senegal River Basin. Potential evapotranspiration is estimated using 21 methods and its influence on the performance of three GR models (GR4J, GR5J and GR6J) is...

Reference evapotranspiration (ET 0) is an essential parameter for hydrological modeling, irrigation planning and for studying the impacts of climate change on water resources. The Penman-Monteith method is recommended for estimating ET 0 under all climatic conditions, but its application is limited in regions where data is difficult to access. The...

In recent decades, African cities have been confronted with series of floods linked to rapid urbanisa-tion, intensification of heavy rains and the failure of the storm drainage system. Developing tools to characterise floods and reduce their impact is essential to facilitate decision support in a complex and vulnerable context. This study, conducte...

Analysis of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) trends is essential for understanding the impacts of climate change on water resources. Thus, despite the continuous rise in temperatures, a decrease in evapotranspiration is noted in some parts of the world. This contrast is called the “evaporation paradox” and is thought to be related to the variatio...

This study investigates the performance of two lumped hydrological models, BILAN and GR2M, in simulating runoff across six catchments in the Gambia River Basin (Senegal) over a 30-year period employing a 7-year sliding window under different climatic conditions. The results revealed differences in overall performance and variable sensitivity of the...

With the recurrence of flooding in African cities, there is growing interest in the development of sufficiently informative tools to help characterize and predict overflow risks. One of the challenges is to develop methods that strike a compromise between the accuracy of simulations, the availability of basic data, and the shortening of calculation...

In the Senegal River delta, the expansion of irrigated land to meet the growing food demands, combined with the effects of climate change will lead to an increasing in the demand for agriculture water. Hence, it is essential to assess the agricultural water requirements of main crops in order to optimize the management of water resources and contri...

This presentation attempts to analyze, from the long series, the hydroclimatic evolution in the Senegal River basin. This talk tries to show the impact of the different phases of management and the new research challenges that these hydraulic infrastructures pose at the scale of the Senegal River basin in a global change context.

L'augmentation des températures dans un contexte de changement climatique devrait être accompagnée par une hausse de l'évaporation et de l'évapotranspiration (ET0). Toutefois des études ont montré une baisse de l'évaporation (ou de l'évapotranspiration) dans certaines régions du monde. Ce contraste entre la baisse de l'évaporation et l'augmentation...

Objective : This study, carried out in the urban periphery of the Dakar conurbation, aims to propose a calculation method for locating the overflows of the drainage network over the conurbation, with short calculation times compatible with real-time forecasting. Background : In West Africa, most large cities such as Ouagadougou, Accra, Douala, Lago...

Reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is an essential parameter for hydrological modeling, irrigation planning and for studying the impacts of climate change on water resources. The Penman-Monteith method is recommended for estimating ET0 under all climatic conditions, but its application is limited in regions where data is difficult to access. The al...

Analysis of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) trends is essential for understanding the impacts of climate change on water resources. Thus, despite the continuous rise in temperatures, a decrease in evapotranspiration is noted in some parts of the world. This contrast is called the "evaporation paradox" and is thought to be related to the variatio...

In recent decades, African cities have been exposed to a series of floods related to rapid urbanisation, intensification of heavy rainfall and failure of the storm drainage systems. Predicting these floods is a major challenge, and requires accurate and legible mapping of surface runoff. This study, carried out in the urban periphery of Dakar, aims...

We propose a decision support tool that detect the occurrence of flooding, with sufficiently short calculation times (few minutes). The simulations are based on a drainage topology on 5m grids, incorporating changes to surface flows induced urbanization. The calculation is carried out by combining a rainfall-runoff model to calculate flows that are...

The flood of the Senegal River is a resource for the populations of the Senegal Valley, who practice agriculture, fishing and livestock farming in the annually flooded areas. The objective of this paper is to investigate the hydrological evolution of the Senegal River flood since the drought of the 1970s and the construction and management of the M...

In 2006, Senegal benefited from the African Development Bank's (AfDB) Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Initiative (RWSSI) a WASH sub-program for 17,100 households in rural areas in the regions of Louga, Ziguinchor and Kolda. A project results assessment was conducted in 2016 by the AfDB Independent Development Evaluation (IDEV) to measure the sub-...

Northern Niayes is an area where agriculture is the main activity. Water used for irrigation in this area comes exclusively from groundwater. Farmers do not have access to electricity, thus fuel is the main source of energy used, which is very expensive. The objective of this study was to assess the tech-no-economic feasibility of solar irrigation...

En 2017 et 2019 ont eu lieu les deux premières éditions de l'école d'été « Autour du 2°C » consacrée aux enjeux de l'interdisciplinarité de la recherche et des parcours de formation sur le changement climatique. Nous revenons dans ce texte sur les motivations qui ont conduit au lancement de cette initiative, ainsi que sur le positionnement et le dé...

Study region Senegal River Basin in West Africa. Study focus This work aimed to assess reference evapotranspiration (ET0) trends and its sensitivity to climate variables on the period 2036–2065 in the Senegal River basin. Seven General Circulation Models (GCMs) and seven Regional Climate Models (RCMs) of the CMIP5 project were used under the scena...

The African continent is probably the one with the lowest density of hydrometric stations currently measuring river discharge despite the fact that the number of operating stations was quite important until the 1970s. This new African Database of Hydrometric Indices (ADHI) provides a wide range of hydrometric indices and hydrological signatures com...

The objective of this study is to perform trend analysis in the historic data sets of annual and crop season [May–September] precipitation and daily maximum and minimum temperatures across the southwest United States. Eighteen ground-based weather stations were considered across the southwest United States for a total period from 1902 to 2017. The...

The African continent is probably the one with the lowest density of hydrometric stations currently measuring river discharge, despite the fact that the number of operating stations was quite important until the 70s. This new African Database of Hydrometric Indices (ADHI) is compiling data from different sources carefully checked for quality contro...

A large share of surface water resources in Sahelian countries originates from Guinea’s Fouta Djallon highlands, earning the area the name of “the water tower of West Africa”. This paper aims to investigate the recent dynamics of the Fouta Djallon’s hydrological functioning. The evolution of the runoff and depletion coefficients are analyzed as wel...

Accurate monitoring of surface water bodies is essential in numerous hydrological and agricultural applications. Combining imagery from multiple sensors can improve long-term monitoring; however, the benefits derived from each sensor and the methods to automate long-term water mapping must be better understood across varying periods and in heteroge...

Water productivity monitoring is a key tool for irrigation management in the context of climate change and of areas where water source is very vulnerable. This study is carried out in five (05) lowlands in the North of Niayes: Deur Diabi, Boul Ayni, Lac Kalassane, Nguétiouro, and Ferset Ndoye. The objective of this study is to assess onion irrigati...

In the Niayes, irrigation of market garden crops is totally ensured by groundwater, which is the only available water source used in irrigation. However, this water source is vulnerable to the development of irrigated agriculture and the impact of climate change. This raises the challenge of optimizing irrigation in this area. The objective of this...

Solar radiation is one of the most important climatic parameters that is involved in different environmental, hydrological, agricultural applications while not always measured at all weather stations due to the high equipment and maintenance cost. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance and accuracy of twenty temperature based...

Le fleuve Sénégal draine un bassin de 300 000 km2, à cheval sur quatre pays que sont, d’amont en aval, la Guinée, le Mali, le Sénégal et la Mauritanie. Il est formé de plusieurs affluents, dont les principaux sont le Bafing, le Bakoye et la Falémé. Le fleuve Sénégal dispose d'important ressource en eau. En effet, à la station hydrométrique de Bakel...

Rainfall, as one of the key components of hydrological cycle, plays an undeniable role for accurate modelling of other hydrological components. Therefore, a precise forecasting of annual rainfall is of the high importance. In this regard, several studies have been tried to predict annual rainfall of different climate zones using machine learning an...

Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is an important parameter in hydrological, agricultural and environmental studies. Accurate estimation of ETo helps to improve water management and increase water productivity and efficiency. While the Penman-Monteith ETo equation enjoys worldwide adoption as the most accurate ETo equation, the number of requested...

L’estimation de l’évapotranspiration (ET), une des composantes principales du cycle hydrologique et bon indicateur du changement climatique, est importante pour tous les programmes de gestion de l’eau. Huit méthodes d'estimation de l'évapotranspiration sont ainsi évaluées et l’impact de la variation des paramètres climatiques sur l’évapotranspirati...

Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is an important parameter in hydrological, agricultural and environmental studies. Accurate estimation of ETo helps to improve water management and increase water productivity and efficiency. While the Penman-Monteith ETo equation enjoys worldwide adoption as the most accurate ETo equation, the number of requested...

Urbanization resulting from sharply increasing demographic pressure and infrastructure development has made the populations of many tropical areas more vulnerable to extreme rainfall hazards. Characterizing extreme rainfall distribution in a coherent way in space and time is thus becoming an overarching need that requires using appropriate models o...

Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo) is one of the major components of the hydrological cycle that is very essential in water resources planning, irrigation and drainage management and several other hydrology processes. In irrigation system and design, the prediction of ETo is vital and indispensable for the quantification of crop water needs. This s...

The temporal trend and spatial distribution of reference evapotranspiration was investigated across Madagascar for the period of 1980-2010. Air temperature, relative humidity temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, and wind speed were collected from 22 weather stations across the country and were used to estimate daily reference evapotrans...

Ideal prediction and modeling of stream-flow and its hydrological applications is extremely significant for decision-making tasks and proper planning of water resource and hydraulic engineering. In the last two decades, the potential of soft computing approaches has increased dramatically in engineering and science problems. In this research, the u...

The Upper Senegal River, West Africa, is a poorly gauged basin. Nevertheless, discharge predictions are required in this river for the optimal operation of the downstream Manantali reservoir, flood forecasting, development plans for the entire basin and studies for adaptation to climate change. Despite the need for reliable discharge predictions, c...

Sensitivity analysis is important in understanding the effect of each climatic input var-iable on the variation of the evapotranspiration which is a significant element for hy-drological modelling, irrigation programs, and water resources management. This study investigates the responses of evapotranspiration to the variation of maximum and minimum...

Rainfall and evapotranspiration are two vital elements for food production under rainfed agriculture. This study aims at investigating the combined changes in these variables in the form of aridly index in the southern Senegal. The temporal trends in annual and monthly (from May to October) aridity index, rainfall and evapotranspira-tion are examin...

Connaître l'évapotranspiration (ET) est très important en matière de planification et de gestion des ressources en eau. À cet effet, plusieurs formules ont été développées pour son estimation. Parmi ces méthodes, celle de PENMAN-MONTEITH est recommandée par la FAO comme modèle de référence du fait de sa performance sous différentes conditions clima...

This study investigates long-term trends of three different time scales including monthly, seasonally and annually at the upper Senegal River basin. Daily streamflows for the period 1961–2014 at Bafing Makana station were used and analyzed to conduct this research. The serial structural of the different time series (monthly, seasonal, and annual) w...

Les méthodes de Penman (1963) et Abtew (1996) donnent les meilleures estimations de l’évapotranspiration de référence. L’analyse de sensibilité permet de noter que l’ET0_PM est plus sensible à la variation du rayonnement solaire, suivi par la température maximale et la vitesse du vent. L’humidité relative est la variable qui a moins d’influence sur...

Ces dernières années les inondations sont devenues récurrents au Bénin. En septembre 2010, ce pays a été fortement affecté par des inondations qualifiées d’exceptionnelles, dues à des précipitations diluviennes. Selon les rapports de situation du Comité national de Crise de la mission du Bureau de la coordination des affaires humanitaires des Natio...

Unavailability of some meteorological variables especially solar radiation and wind speed is the main constraint for reference evapotranspiration (ETo) estimation using the standard FAO Penman-Monteith (FAO-PM) equation in most developing countries. The application of ETo methods with fewer input requirements is necessary under limited climatic dat...

Cette note de recherche présente les résultats du programme de dépouillement des diagrammes pluviographiques des principales stations synoptiques du Sénégal qui a duré 6 ans (2001-2006). Ce programme a été entrepris par le laboratoire d'hydro-morphologie du Département de Géographie de l'Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar (UCAD) en collaboration...

The implementation of water policies and water resources management require relevant tools of hydrologic engineering. In the case of urban floods, which have strong socio-economic impacts, the design of water structures (hydraulic spillways of stormwater, dams, etc) necessarily involves the analysis of sub-daily extreme rainfall series. It is the m...

La disponibilité de données climatiques au pas de temps journalier a fortement diminué ces dernières années en Afrique de l’Ouest et plus particulièrement pour le bassin du fleuve Sénégal à cause de leur coût d'acquisition élevé. De plus, lorsque ces données sont acquises, leur prix de vente les mets hors de portée de la plupart des acteurs du déve...

After a period of severe drought in the 1970s and 1980s, the Sahel region of West Africa has witnessed a relative increase in precipitation. It has also been struck by several floods of unprecedented magnitude, in spite of annual rainfall totals remaining below those of previous rainy periods. This study aims to attribute the increased risk of floo...

The availability of climatic data, especially on a daily time step, has become very rare in West Africa over the last few years due to the high costs of climate data monitoring. This scarcity of climatic data is a huge obstacle to conduct hydrological studies over some watersheds. In this context, our study aimed to evaluate the capacity of Tropica...

The spatiotemporal trends of annual rainfall in Senegal during 1940 - 2013 were investigated using the Mann–Kendall test and Theil–Sen’s slope estimator. Theil and Sen's slope estimator test was used for finding the magnitude of change over a time period. Inverse Weight Distance (IDW) technique in Arc GIS 10.2 was used to investigate spatial patter...

The West African Monsoon gives agricultural activities timetable in the whole West Africa; this is shorter when one is going northward, as well in duration as in rainfall mean annual amount. After a long drought (1968-1995), West Africa experiences since the end of the 20th century a coming back to better rainfall conditions; mean annual rainfall a...

Actes de l'Atelier scientifique et du lancement de l'initiative « Casamance : un réseau scientifique au service du développement en Casamance » du 15-17 juin 2015 à l'Hôtel Kadiandoumagne de Ziguinchor, Sénégal Eaux et sociétés face au changement climatique dans le bassin de la Casamance L'atelier scientifique « Eau et sociétés face au changement c...

Evapotranspiration (ET) data from atmometers were compared against evapotranspiration estimated by the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith equation, recommended method, in order to evaluate the accuracy of atmometers. Measurements by 3 atmometers with grass cover and 3 atmometers with alfalfa cover were compared, for one growing season, to Penman Monteith based...

Ce travail vise à évaluer l’impact du changement climatique sur les apports en eau au barrage de Manantali. La démarche a consisté en : (i) la modélisation des écoulements du Bafing à la station de Bafing Makana ; (ii)l’élaboration de scénarios climatiques à l’horizon 2050 ; (iii) l’évaluation de la sensibilité de l'hydrosystème aux conditions clim...

En octobre 2003, la ville de Saint-Louis allait être engloutie par la montée des eaux du fleuve Sénégal. Il fallait rapidement trouver une solution pour sauver la ville et des vies humaines. C'est ainsi que les pouvoirs publics et les autorités communales ont pris la décision de créer un canal de délestage sur la Langue de Barbarie (LB). Cette brèc...