Annie Shirwaikar

Annie Shirwaikar
Gulf Medical University | GMU · College of Pharmacy

M. Pharm., Ph.D.

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134
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Publications (134)
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COMMUNITY PHARMACIST AND PHARMACEUTICAL SERVICES FOR PATIENT CARE
Conference Paper
This study was undertaken to evaluate pharmaceutical care services provided in community pharmacies across the UAE using a representative sample of pharmacists. A validated questionnaire addressing different aspects of pharmaceutical care was distributed to 220 community pharmacies consenting to participate in the study. Data was analysed using SPS...
Conference Paper
This study was taken up to evaluate the facilities available in community pharmacies across the UAE using a representative sample of pharmacists. A validated questionnaire, addressing community pharmacy facets (location, facilities and prescription handling) was distributed to 220 community pharmacies across the UAE. Data was analysed using SPSS 20...
Article
Full-text available
The objective of this research was to determine the acid neutralization capacity (ANC) at 37°C±2°C (as per United States Pharmacopeia 30 and the National Formulary 25) of antacid preparations sold in various retail pharmacies in the United Arab Emirates. Another important objective was to quantify the sodium and calorific content of antacids, as we...
Article
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Pharmacy education has undergone a radical change as it evolves towards becoming a more patient oriented profession. With a greater emphasis on problem based teaching and competency, the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE), supported by its reliability and validity became the gold standard for the evaluation of clinical skills of under...
Article
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Coconut oil is an edible oil obtained from the kernel of harvested mature coconuts of the coconut palm .In recent years this oil has attained superstardom in the health food world. Celebrities are adopting its use, nutritionists advocating it, and patients acclaiming its many virtues. A number of health benefits have been attributed to this oil. Th...
Article
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Plan: The study aimed to assess the use, knowledge and practice of OTC medications by students of a University in the UAE Preface: Over the Counter (OTC) drugs, also known as non-prescription medication are medications directly accessible to consumers without a physician's prescription. They are commonly used for ailments like pain, cough and cold,...
Article
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Over The Counter (OTC) drugs, also known as non-prescription medication are medications which are directly accessible to consumers without a physician's prescription1. They are broadly classified into 12 broad therapeutic classes2: Analgesics (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs) , Cough and Cold Medications, Skin (Dermatological) products , Nico...
Article
Full-text available
Coconut oil is an edible oil obtained from the kernel of harvested mature coconuts of the coconut palm .In recent years this oil has attained superstardom in the health food world. Celebrities are adopting its use, nutritionists advocating it, and patients acclaiming its many virtues. A number of health benefits have been attributed to this oil. Th...
Article
Full-text available
This study was undertaken to evaluate pharmaceutical care services provided in community pharmacies across the UAE using a representative sample of pharmacists. A validated questionnaire addressing different aspects of pharmaceutical care was distributed to 220 community pharmacies consenting to participate in the study. Data was analysed using SPS...
Article
Full-text available
Complementary/alternative medicine (CAM) has been described as “diagnosis, treatment, and/or prevention which complements mainstream medicine by contributing to a common whole, satisfying a demand not met by orthodoxy, or diversifying the conceptual frameworks of medicine” [1]. Approximately, 1500 articles on CAM are published annually in the liter...
Article
Indigofera aspalathoides Vahl ex DC. (Fabaceae) is a low much branched and erect under-shrub. In Ayurveda and Siddha system of medicine the whole plant is used as bitter, antiseptic, disinfectant and for the treatment of diabetes. A short term study was under taken as a preliminary investigation to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of the aqueous ex...
Article
Context: Gum guggul, a resinous exudate of the plant Commiphora mukul Engl. (Burseraceae), has been found efficacious in the treatment of bone fractures, arthritis, and hyperlipidemic disorders. Objective: The present study is an effort to explore the anti-bone-resorptive potential of the dried methanol extract of the gummy exudate of C. mukul (...
Article
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The antidiabetic activity of the aqueous root extract of Pseudarthria viscida (L.) Wight & Arn., Fabaceae, was investigated in normal and neonatal streptozotocin (n2-STZ)-induced non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) rats and compared with glibenclamide as a reference standard. Two different doses (250 and 500 mg/kg) of the extract were a...
Article
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AIM: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the defatted ethanolic extract of the seeds of Lepidium Sativum Linn. METHODS: Different in vitro chemical assays viz. DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging, ABTS (2, 2- azinobis- (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) radical scavenging, iron che...
Conference Paper
Introduction: Cissus quadrangularis Linn., a fracture healing herb, has been used as a dietary supplement by athletes to support healthy muscles and bones.1 The plant, rich in dietary antioxidants like vitamin C, carotenoids etc.,2 anabolic steroids,3,4 calcium,5 has been a part of the south Indian diet. As the ethanol extract of C. quadrangularis...
Article
Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of methanol extract of the fruits of Morinda citrifolia Linn., on osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy in female albino rats at two different dose levels of 500 and 750 mg/kg/day. Healthy female albino rats in the age group of 90 days were selected and randomized into five groups of si...
Article
Sphaeranthus indicus is a well-known plant used in the Indian system of medicine. The plant is widely distributed throughout the plains and wet-lands of India, Sri Lanka and Australia. Folklore medicine claims its use in epileptic convulsion, mental illness, hemicranias, as a general tonic, deobstruent, aphrodisiac etc. Various biologically active...
Article
Curcuma longa Linn., commonly known as Turmeric, Indian saffron or Haldi belongs to family Zingiberaceae., is a perennial herb with simple and large leaves. Its tubers, rhizomes and oil have great importance. Melaleuca alternifolia commonly known as tea tree oil, belonging to the family myrtaceae, has been used as a botanical medicine in various fo...
Article
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a growing global problem where, increased oxygen free radicals are responsible for the complications. Clinical evidence of Eugenia jambolana seeds for use in DM is lacking. This is an open labeled, randomized trial in DM patients: fifteen in group1 received Eugenia Jambolana seed powder 10 gm orally per day along with diet...
Article
Pseudarthria viscida (L.) Wight and Arnott. (Leguminosae) commonly known as Salaparani and its roots are commonly used by the tribes of Madhya Pradesh. A preliminary study was undertaken to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of the aqueous root extract by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), normoglycaemic and antihyperglycaemic activity in streptozot...
Article
Approximately 400 million persons worldwide have chronic hepatitis B. This is due to problems associated with vaccine delivery, stability and cost. Hence the present challenge in vaccinology is to develop safer, cheaper and easy-to-deliver forms of vaccines. A novel needle-free oral vaccine will be an ideal tool to fight this silent killer disease....
Article
Full-text available
Osteoporosis, a silent epidemic has become a major health hazard in recent years. Osteoporosis which increases bone fragility and thereby the risk of fractures is associated with high mortality, morbidity and high medical expenses throughout the world. Though ovarian hormone deficiency is a major risk factor for osteoporosis in the postmenopausal w...
Article
Problem statement: Hepatitis B is a major public health problem, kill ing 1-2 million people annually, despite the introduction of an eff ective vaccine in 1982. Approximately 400 million persons worldwide have chronic hepatitis B. This is due to problems associated with vaccine delivery, stability and cost. Hence the present challenge in Vaccinolo...
Article
The study aims to examine the Daboia russelli venom neutralization potential of the various leaf extracts of Acalypha indica (Euphorbiaceae) by in vitro and in vivo antisnake venom studies. In vitro HRBC membrane stabilization properties of these extracts at concentrations ranging from 2-400 μg/ml revealed inhibition of haemolysis induced by Russel...
Article
Full-text available
Pseudarthria viscida (L.) Wight and Arnott. (Leguminosae) commonly known as Salaparani and its roots are commonly used by the tribes of Madhya Pradesh. A short study was undertaken as a preliminary investigation to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of the alcoholic root extract by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), normoglycemic and antihyperglycem...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
L-glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) of mammals, high concentrations of which may trigger aberrant neuronal cell damage by excitotoxicity and oxidative stress. Evolvulus alsinoids has been used traditionally in variety of brain diseases and disorders and hence, its ethanol extract (EA) was evaluated for...
Article
Aloe vera gel is a familiar ingredient in a range of widely available and advertisement healthcare and cosmetic products. As to date there are no documented reports on the standardization of A. vera gel and the following study is an attempt in this direction. A. vera gel was evaluated for its aloeverose content for the first time. Aloeverose, was s...
Article
A simple, precise and rapid RP-HPLC method was developed for the determination of etoricoxib in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The quantification was carried out using a Phenomenex RP-C18 column in isocratic mode, with mobile phase consisting of methanol and water (70:30). The mobile phase was pumped at a flow rate 1.0 mL/min and the detection was ca...
Article
The recrystallization of carbamazepine was done by using two solvents and at different cooling conditions. The solvent and cooling conditions could modify the size, shape, polymorph and thereby the dissolution of original drug. The crystal shape of original carbamazepine was flaky or thin plate like. In the present work carbamazepine crystals were...
Article
SUMMARY The anti-inflammatory effect of the aqueous (AEAP) and ethanolic (EEAP) extracts of Acampe praemorsa were evaluated using the carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema model. AEAP exhibited significant anti-inflammatory effect at a dose of 300 mg/kg. Maximum inhibition of 48.1 % for AEAP and 11.4 % for EEAP was observed after 3 h of drug treatmen...
Article
Full-text available
The purpose of this investigation was to develop a ketoconazole cream with rosin for both topical and systemic delivery. Creams were prepared by using rosin as one of the components in different proportions with different cream base combinations. The drug excipients interaction studies were carried out and results revealed that there is no interact...
Article
Full-text available
Ocimum gratissimum is a well-known plant used in the Indian system of medicine. Folklore medicine claims its use in headache, fever, diarrhoea, pneumonia etc. Research carried out using different in vitro and in vivo techniques of biological evaluation supports most of the claims. This review presents the ethnobotanical, natural product chemistry,...
Article
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Curcuma zedoaria Rosc is a perennial herb found in tropical countries, such as India, Japan and Thailand. Various parts of this plant are used in Ayurveda and other folk medicines for the treatment of different ailments such as diarrhoea, cancer, flatulence and dyspepsia. This study is an attempt to compile an up-to-date and comprehensive review of...
Article
Full-text available
Aceclofenac was microencapsulated using rosin by o/w emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The effect of three formulation variable s including the drug:polymer ratio, emulsifier (polyvinyl alcohol) concentration and or ganic solvent (dichloromethane) volume were examined. The prepared batches were characterized for microspheres particle size dis...
Article
Full-text available
Rosin, a natural resin, was used as a hydrophobic matrix material for the controlled release, using diltiazem HCl as model drug. Matrix tablets were prepared by direct compression method using rosin as matrix forming material in different proportions and with different diluent combinations. The tablets prepared were flat faced, retained their shape...
Article
The free radical scavenging potential of the plant Sphaeranthus indicus Linn. was studied by using different antioxidant models of screening. The aqueous extract at 1000 μg/ml showed maximum scavenging of the radical cation, 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS) observed upto 26.21 % followed by the scavenging of the stable radi...
Article
Full-text available
The leaves of Annona reticulate Linn. (Annonaceae), commonly known as Bullock's heart, are frequently used as a substitute for Annona squamosa for the treatment of diabetes by various tribes in India. The leaves are also used for their powerful insecticidal activity, especially for destroying lice. Pharmacognostical study of Annona reticulate leaf...
Article
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Fungal infections of skin are one of the most common infections in human beings. The areas which are likely to get infected include the scalp, the hands and the feet. Dermatophytes, yeasts and moulds are the three major fungi responsible for skin infections. Earlier oral antifungal agents were used for treatment of fungal infection in finger and to...
Article
Oxidative stress plays an important role in chronic complications of diabetes mellitus. In the current study, the antioxidant effect of oral administration of aqueous bark extract of Garuga pinnata. Roxb. (Burseraceae) on tissue antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney of streptozotocin-nicotinamide–induced type II diabetic ra...
Article
Full-text available
The antihyperglycemic potential of the aqueous stem extract of Coscinium fenestratum. Colebr. (Menispermaceae), a medicinal plant widely used in traditional Ayurveda and Siddha systems of medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, was evaluated in the streptozotocin-nicotinamide–induced type 2 diabetic model. Graded doses of the aqueous stem...
Article
Full-text available
The antidiabetic potential of the alcohol root extract of Holostemma annulare. Schum. (Asclepiadaceae), a medicinal plant widely used in more than 34 Ayurvedic preparations, was evaluated in the streptozotocin-nicotinamide–induced type 2 diabetic model. Graded doses of the alcohol root extract were administered to normal and experimental diabetic r...
Article
Abstract The antihepatotoxic activity of ethanol extract fractions of Thespesia populnea administered orally to groups of rats was evaluated using the CCl4 model of liver injury. All fractions showed significant activity. A rare flavanoid, quercetin-7-O-rhamnoglucoside, was isolated from this plant and its identity confirmed by spectral studies.
Article
Abstract Fifteen components of the essential Oil of L. conferta were identified by GC-MS analysis. The main components were identified to be a-phcllandrene (52.2%) and thymol (38.2%). The antifungal activity at 1:50 dilution in ethylene glycol was found to be of the same order as that of griseofulvin (1001Jg/ 0.1 ml). The oil also possessed good an...
Article
Full-text available
A simple accurate, sensitive and reproducible spectrofluorimetric method was developed for the analysis of duloxetine hydrochloride in pure and pharmaceutical dosage form. Duloxetine hydrochloride showed strong native fluorescence in 0.05 M acetic acid having excitation at 225 nm and emission at 340 nm. Effect of different solvents were thoroughly...
Article
Full-text available
We have investigated the possible antihyperglycaemic effects of Sphaeranthus indicus extract in rats rendered diabetic by nicotinamide (120 mgkg(-1) i.p.) and streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mgkg(-1) i.p). Fasting plasma glucose levels, serum insulin levels, serum lipid profiles, magnesium levels, glycosylated haemoglobin, changes in body weight and liver...
Article
Full-text available
A simple, precise and rapid RP-HPLC method was developed for the determination of ebastine in pharmaceutical formulations. The method was carried out on a Phenomenex RP-C18 column using a mixture of methanol and water (90:10) and detection was done at 262 nm. The linearity range was 5-100 mug/ml. The intra-day and inter-day precision were in the ra...
Article
The present investigation demonstrates the hepatoprotective potential of 50% ethanolic water extract of whole plant of Fumaria indica and its three fractions viz., hexane, chloroform and butanol against d-galactosamine induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The hepatoprotection was assessed in terms reduction in histological damage, changes in serum enzym...
Article
Full-text available
A novel, simple, sensitive and rapid spectrophotometric method has been developed for simultaneous estimation of ambroxol hydrochloride and levocetirizine dihydrochloride. The method involved solving simultaneous equations based on measurement of absorbance at two wavelengths 242 nm and 231 nm, the gamma max of ambroxol hydrochloride and levocetiri...
Article
Full-text available
The use of natural excipients to deliver the bioactive agents has been hampered by the synthetic materials. However advantages offered by these natural excipients are their being non-toxic, less expensive and freely available. The performance of the excipients partly determines the quality of the medicines. The traditional concept of the excipients...
Article
A matrix dispersion type transdermal drug delivery system of Diltiazem Hydrochloride was developed using different ratios of rosin with Eudragit RL PM and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. The patch prepared by the combination of rosin and polyvinyl pyrrolidone was not transparent one, and shows an uneven distribution of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, which may be du...
Article
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Standardisation of herbal formulations is essential in order to assess the quality of drugs, based on the concentration of their active principles. The present paper reports on standardisation of Hingwashtak churna, a polyherbal ayurvedic medicine used as a carminative, digestive, astringent and as an antacid. Hingwashtak churna was prepared as per...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Plant Phyllanthus niruri Linn. belongs to family Euphorbiaceae, also called as Jangli Amla. It was a small, erect, annual wild bush, having small off-white greenish flowers. It was indigenious to Amazon’s rain forest and other tropical area , including the Bahamas , India and China. It is traditionally used as bitter, astringent, stomachic, diureti...
Article
This paper presents a detailed pharmacognostical study of the stem and root of the crude drug Ipomoea quamoclit Linn. (Convolvulaceae). Morphoanatomy of the stem and root have been studied with the aim to aid pharmacognostic and taxonomic species identification using light and confocal microscopy, WHO recommended physico-chemical determinations and...
Article
Flavonoid and alkaloid fractions of Desmodium gangeticum were evaluated for antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities in carrageenan-induced inflamed rats with the aim of studying the promising fraction for inhibitory action on ferrous sulphate induced lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) an...
Article
The roots of Pseudarthria viscida (L.) Wight and Arnott. (Leguminosae) are used against various disorders in Indian systems of medicine, namely as anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory, cardiotonic, aphrodisiac, rejuvenating, tonic and as a remedy for cough, asthma, tuberculosis, diarrhoea and alternate fever. The present communication deals with the det...
Article
Full-text available
The methanol extract of Coscinium fenestratum, commonly known as tree turmeric, which is widely used in the indigenous system of medicine was studied for its in vitro scavenging activity in different methods viz DPPH scavenging, nitric oxide scavenging, iron chelation activity, superoxide scavenging, ABTS radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation....
Article
Vasicine is a pyrralazoquinazoline monobasic alkaloid obtained from the plant Adhatoda zeylanica. In the current experiment, we have made an attempt to determine the sites of absorption for the bioactive component vasicine from the various segments of small intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) and colon. Everted intestinal sac method was used to...
Article
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Dispersible tablets of Metformin Hydrochloride were prepared using Ocimum gratissimum mucilage powder and Ocimum gratissimum seed powder as disintegrants. Specifications for herbal raw materials and finished products were set according to the Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products. Several formulations were prepared and evaluated for physical...
Article
Orally administered ethanol (300 mg/kg) and aqueous (300 mg/kg) extracts of Hybanthus enneaspermus (L) F. Muell were evaluated for its aphrodisiac activity in sexually inactive male rats both in a single dose regimen and in a chronic regimen as a daily dose for 28 days. Mount and intromission latency and number of mounts, intromissions and ejaculat...
Article
The free radical scavenging potential of the roots of C Viscosum was studied by using different antioxidant models of screening. The ethanolic extract at 1000 μg/m1 showed maximum scavenging of the radical cation, 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS) observed upto 98.92% followed by scavenging of nitric oxide radical (96.75%),...
Article
The plant Hybanthus enneaspermus have been widely used traditionally to treat variety of common and stress related disorders. In the present investigation, the ethanol and aqueous extracts of Hybanthus enneaspermus were studied for its nephroprotective activity in cisplatin induced renal injury in rats. The extracts at dose levels of 250 and 500mg/...
Article
To determine vasicine in rat blood plasma by HPLC and to study its bioavailability and pharmacokinetics. Vasicine (>97% pure by HPLC) was purchased from SPIC Pharmaceuticals Division, Chennai, India. The standard plot was prepared by spiking the various concentrations of pure vasicine into the normal rat blood plasma followed by extraction and HPLC...
Article
Full-text available
The free radical scavenging potential of the plant S. indicus was studied by using different antioxidant models of screening. The ethanolic extract at 1000 microg/ml showed maximum scavenging of the radical cation, 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS) observed upto 41.99% followed by the scavenging of the stable radical 1,1-dip...
Article
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Total alcoholic extract of Desmodium gangeticum, which exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity, was evaluated for the possible mode of action by studying its antioxidant potential in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats. Activity guided fractionation and isolation were carried out. The phenolics fraction showed maximum potency. Solid phase extr...
Article
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Berberine is a benzyl tetra isoquinoline alkaloid which is widely used as an antimicrobial and an antidiarrhoeal. As berberine containing plants are virtually used in all forms of traditional medicine, our study aimed to examine the antioxidant activity of berberine using 2,2-diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, nitric oxide scaveng...
Article
A study was undertaken to evaluate the antihyperglycemic activity of aqueous extract of bark of Garuga pinnata Roxb. (Burseraceae). The various parameters studied included fasting blood sugar levels, serum lipid levels, liver glycogen content, serum insulin level and glycated hemoglobin in diabetic and normal rats. Streptozotocin-nicotinamide was u...
Article
Full-text available
The antisnake venom activity of Clerodendrum viscosum Vent. (Fam. Verbenaceae), a plant traditionally used in India for the treatment of snake bite was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo methods. While in vitro studies were performed using human blood, in vivo studies were carried out using mice administered three different i.p doses of the extract,...
Article
The aqueous extract of Hingwashtak churna was evaluated for gastroprotection in rats using the ibuprofen and ethanol induced ulcer models. Efficacy was assessed by determination of mean ulcer size, ulcer number and ulcer index. Oral administration of the aqueous extract (750 mg/kg) significantly protected against gastric lesions by 84.96% and 91.12...
Article
Ethnobotanically, the bark of Anogeissus latifolia (Roxb. ex DC.) Wall. ex Guill. and Perr.(Combretaceae) has been reported to be used in the treatment of various disorders including stomach and skin diseases. We studied the antiulcer potential and antimicrobial activity of the 50% aqueous alcoholic extract in order to validate ethnobotanical claim...
Article
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The antidiabetic potential of berberine was evaluated in a streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rat model. On administration of graded doses of berberine to normal and experimental diabetic rats for 12 days, a significant (p<0.05) reduction was observed in fasting blood glucose levels. However, serum insulin levels failed to be stimu...
Article
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This paper presents a detailed pharmacognostical study of the plant drug Hybanthus enneaspermus (L.) F. Muell (Violaceae), an important drug in the Indian system of medicine. The leaf and stem samples were studied using procedures of light, confocal microscopy, WHO recommended physico-chemical determinations and authentic phytochemical procedures....
Article
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This study presents a detailed pharmacognostical study of the underground portion of the crude drug Sphaeranthus indicus Linn. (Asteraceae), an important plant in the Indian system of medicine. The root and stolon were studied using procedures of light, conofocal microscopy, WHO recommended-physicochemical determinations, and authentic phytochemica...
Article
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This study presents a detailed pharmacognostical study of the root and leaf of the crude drug Clerodendrum viscosum Vent. (Verbenaceae), an important plant in the Indian system of medicine. The root and leaf samples were studied using light and confocal microscopy, WHO recommended-physicochemical determinations, and authentic phytochemical procedur...
Article
Hygrophila auriculata (K. Schum.) Heine (Family: Acanthaceae) is a wild herb widely used in 'Ayurveda' as 'Rasayana' drug for treatment of various disorders. Treatment of diabetic rats with aerial parts of Hygrophila auriculata extract (HAEt, 100 and 250 mg/kg body weight) for 3 weeks showed significant reduction in blood glucose, thiobarbituric ac...
Article
The hepatoprotective effects of rubiadin, a major constituent isolated from Rubia cordifolia Linn., were evaluated against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic damage in rats. Rubiadin at a dose of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg was administered orally once daily for 14 days. The substantially elevated serum enzymatic activities of serum glutamic oxa...
Article
Wedelia calendulacea Less., a perennial herb containing isoflavanoids, is used in liver disorders, uterine hemorrhage and menorrhagia. Osteoporosis in women occurs mainly due to estrogen deficiency following menopause. Studies indicate that isoflavones are estrogenic enough to promote bone formation. Our study was aimed to investigate the antiosteo...