Annice Heratizadeh

• Hannover Medical School

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory, multifactorial skin disease characterized by eczematous skin lesions, severe itching, and serious limitations in quality of life. Since 2016, TREATgermany has been a national clinical registry for patients with moderate to severe AD with around 2,550 participating patients, enabling the collection of physi...

Background Mainly women work as foot care specialists (FCS). They are at risk to develop occupational dermatitis (OD). Objectives The objective of this study is to describe the contact sensitisation pattern of female FCS with OD. Methods In a retrospective study, patch test and clinical data collected by the Network of Departments of Dermatology...

Background There are conflicting data on a potential association between obesity and atopic dermatitis (AD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between obesity and AD disease severity. Methods Patients from the TREATgermany registry cohort were divided into three groups according to their body mass index (BMI). Due to lo...

The term prevention includes measures that are used to avoid illnesses or damage to health as well as to reduce the risk of illness or to delay its occurrence. Preventive measures can be classified based on various criteria: temporal differentiation (primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention), context (behavioral and relational prevention), and r...

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende S3‐Leitlinie wurde auf der Basis der europäischen englischsprachigen S3‐Leitlinie unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der medizinischen Gegebenheiten im deutschsprachigen Raum und mit Ergänzungen der deutschsprachigen Vorgängerversion, entsprechend den Kriterien der AWMF, erstellt. Dieser zweite Teil der Leitlinie beha...

Zusammenfassung Diese S3‐Leitlinie wurde auf der Basis der europäischen S3‐Leitlinie unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der medizinischen Gegebenheiten im deutschsprachigen Raum und mit Ergänzungen der deutschsprachigen Vorgängerversion erstellt. Die interdisziplinäre Leitlinienkommission bestand aus Vertretern der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesells...

The present S3 guideline was created based on the European English‐language S3 guideline, with special consideration given to the medical conditions in the German‐speaking region, and with additions from the previous German‐language version, in accordance with the criteria of the AWMF. This second part of the guideline addresses the systemic therap...

Background Concerns regarding contact allergies and intolerance reactions to dental materials are widespread among patients. Development of novel dental materials and less frequent amalgam use may alter sensitization profiles in patients with possible contact allergy. Objective This study was aimed at analysing current sensitization patterns to de...

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund TREATgermany ist ein multizentrisches Register, das Patienten mit moderater bis schwerer atopischer Dermatitis (AD) aus derzeit 74 Studienzentren (Universitätskliniken, Krankenhäuser und Praxen) in Deutschland umfasst. Bis zum 31. August 2021 wurden 1.230 erwachsene Patienten eingeschlossen. Methoden In TREATgermany fü...

Background: TREATgermany is a multicenter registry including patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) from currently 74 study centers (university clinics, hospitals and practices) in Germany. As of August 31, 2021, 1,230 adult patients were enrolled. Methods: In TREATgermany, patients and physicians fill in questionnaires pertaini...

Background: Hydroperoxides of limonene (Lim-OOHs) and linalool (Lin-OOHs) are potent contact sensitizers. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of positive patch test (PT) reactions to Lim-OOHs and Lin-OOHs in consecutive patients, their demographic factors and concomitant reactions. Methods: Between 7/2018 and 12/2020, Lim-OOHs 0.3% pet....

Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) patients display an altered skin microbiome which may not only be an indicator but also a driver of inflammation. We aimed to investigate associations among AD patients' skin microbiome, clinical data, and response to systemic therapy in patients of the TREATgermany registry. Methods Skin swabs of 157 patients wer...

Background: Benzisothiazolinone (BIT; CAS No. 2634-33-5) is used as a biocide in various products, including water-based paints, metalworking fluids, and household products. In recent years, increasing sensitization rates have been observed in Europe. Objective: To describe a time trend of sensitization to BIT, analyse concomitant reactions, and...

TREATgermany is an investigator-initiated prospective disease registry. It investigates physician- and patient-reported disease severity (Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), objective Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (oSCORAD), Investigator Global Assessment, Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM), Patient Global Assessment (PGA)), patient-reported sym...

https://doi.org/10.1093/bjd/ljac070 Dear Editor, TREATgermany (www.treatgermany.org) is an investigator-initiated prospective disease registry of daily routine care in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), aged 18 years and older, who consult a dermatology department or a dermatology practice in Germany. Adults with ­moderate-to-severe AD, who rece...

This interim analysis from the atopic dermatitis registry TREATgermany shows robust long-term efficacy, favourable safety and high persistence of dupilumab under real life conditions.

For the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD), two groups of modern systemic therapies with a total of five drugs are currently approved in Germany: biologics (dupilumab, tralokinumab) and “small molecules” (abrocitinib, baricitinib, upadacitinib). The growing armamentarium of therapy options, especially with more than one drug per...

Background: Previous studies demonstrated that birch pollen-related foods can cause late eczematous responses in birch pollen-sensitized patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). However, suitable markers to predict birch pollen-related food allergy in patients with AD are still lacking. Objective: We evaluated the correlation of the results from Im...

Background Few studies have analysed the blood transcriptome in atopic dermatitis (AD). Objectives To explore blood transcriptomic features of moderate to severe AD. Methods Blood mRNA sequencing on 60 adults from the TREATGermany registry including 49 patients before and after dupilumab treatment, as well as from an independent cohort of 31 pati...

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund TREATgermany, ein Register für Patienten mit moderater bis schwerer atopischer Dermatitis (AD), etablierte im Frühjahr 2020 einen zusätzlichen Fragebogen, um Auswirkungen der Corona-Pandemie auf die Lebenssituation von Patienten mit AD zu untersuchen. Methodik Anhand eines Fragebogens wurden allgemeine Informationen zu...

Background TREATgermany, a registry for patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD), established an additional questionnaire in spring 2020 to investigate the effects of the coronavirus pandemic on the daily life of patients with AD. Material and Methods A questionnaire was used to analyze general information regarding a patient’s expe...

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a relapsing chronic inflammatory skin disease with a significant public health burden. Objectives: To conduct a survey in order to gain information on current problems on the care and treatment of AD patients from a wide range of care providers, as well as information on ways of improving AD guidelines. Mat...

Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases worldwide and Staphylococcus aureus colonization and secondary infections occur in the majority of AD patients. Allergic sensitizations against microbial antigens have been discussed as possible trigger factors of AD. Recently, we reported IgE sensitization again...

The increased permeability of the skin barrier towards environmental factors such as allergens is considered a key factor in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). Strengthening the skin barrier through basic skin therapy represents the basis of any therapy for AD. It is well known that genetic factors as well as the skin inflammation itself c...

In chronic skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD), therapeutic failure due to poor patient adherence to treatment is commonly reported. Therapeutic patient education (TPE) is an approach to improve self-management and adherence. Several studies demonstrated that TPE programmes have positive effects on disease management resulting in decreased...

Allergic diseases are characterized by a complex complex chronic pathophysiology. Therapeutic patient education (TPE) programs are an important part of health care for allergic patients. These programs aim to increase the patient's adherence to evidence-based treatment and improve their ability to cope with the disease. TPE led by a multiprofession...

atopic dermatitis (AD) patients are commonly sensitized to house dust mite (HDM). The current consensus‐based European guideline underlines the impact of allergens inducing AD flares and the importance of allergen reduction in AD patients1,2. With regard to preventive measures in patients with AD, the use of mattress encasings aiming to reduce skin...

Since the introduction of active vaccination against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, there has been a debate about the risk of developing severe allergic or anaphylactic reactions among individuals with a history of allergy. Indeed, rare cases of severe allergic reactions have been reported in the United Kingdom and North America. By february 2021 a rate of...

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by rapid spread of different strains of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The severity of infection ranges from mild, or even asymptomatic, to very severe. Signs and symptoms include fatigue, fever, exanthemas, upper respiratory illness, loss of smell and tas...

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Leitlinie ist eine Aktualisierung vom August 2020 zu Systemtherapeutika der 2015 publizierten AWMF‐S2k‐Leitlinie Neurodermitis. Anlass für die Aktualisierung dieses Kapitels der Leitlinie waren die aktuellen Entwicklungen zur Systemtherapie der Neurodermitis. In der vorliegenden Leitlinie sind die wissenschaftliche D...

This guideline is an update from August 2020 the S2k‐guideline “Atopic dermatitis” published in 2015. The reason for updating this chapter of the guideline were the current developments in the field of systemic therapy of atopic dermatitis. The agreed recommendations for systemic treatment in atopic dermatitis of the present guideline are based on...

Allergic diseases are characterized by a complex complex chronic pathophysiology. Therapeutic patient education (TPE) programs are an important part of health care for allergic patients. These programs aim to increase the patient's adherence to evidence-based treatment and improve their ability to cope with the disease. TPE led by a multiprofession...

Background Altered quantities, activity, and composition of natural killer (NK) cells in blood as well as expression changes of genes involved in NK-cell function in skin lesions of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) were recently reported. Objectives We sought to comprehensively analyze cutaneous NK-cell transcriptomic signatures in AD, and to...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a highly pruritic, chronic inflammatory skin disease. The diagnosis is made using evaluated clinical criteria. Disease activity and burden are best measured with a composite score, assessing both objective and subjective symptoms, such as SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD). AD management must take into account clinical and...

Background As an evidence resource for the currently planned European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) clinical practice guideline “systemic treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD),” we critically appraised evidence on systemic treatments for moderate‐to‐severe AD. Methods We systematically identified randomized controlled trials (RC...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a disease that can have a high impact on quality of life, especially due to itch and skin pain. This paper utilizes expertise from members of the International Society of Atopic Dermatitis (ISAD)/Oriented Patient‐Education Network in Dermatology (OPENED) task force to review the epidemiology, pathophysiology and exacerbati...

Background Parents of school-age children with food allergies and potential anaphylactic reactions want their children to have an unburdened and risk-free everyday school life. Thus, particularly in the case of peanut allergy, demands for peanut-free schools are put forward. Results and discussion The position paper of the food allergy working gro...

Electrospun polycaprolactone:gelatin (PCL:GT) fibre scaffolds are widely employed in the field of tissue implants. Here, the orientation of fibres plays an important role in regard to implantation due to the impact on the mechanical properties. Likewise, the orientation of collagen fibres in skin tissue is relevant for dermatology. State-of-the-art...

Letters to the Editor should not have an abstract nor acknowledgements, should be formatted in one continuous section (no subheadings) and should not exceed 600 words, 10 references and a total of 2 figures; or 2 tables; or 1 figure and 1 table. No supplementary material (figure, table or text) is allowed when submitting a Letter to the Editor. All...

Background Skin transcriptome studies in atopic dermatitis (AD) showed broad dysregulation as well as “improvement” under therapy. These observations were mainly made in trials and based on microarray data. Objectives To explore the skin transcriptome and the impact of systemic treatment in patients of the TREATgermany registry. Methods Biopsies...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex disease with elevated risk of respiratory comorbidities.1,2 Severely affected patients are often treated with immune‐modulating systemic drugs.3,4 On March 11th 2020, the World Health Organization declared the 2019 novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS‐Cov‐2) epidemic to be a pandemic. The num...

The German atopic eczema (AE)‐registry TREATgermany is a non‐interventional multicenter patient cohort study for adult patients with currently moderate‐to‐severe disease activity or current/previous anti‐inflammatory systemic treatment.1,2 Dupilumab has demonstrated to be an effective treatment for patients with moderate‐to‐severe AE in clinical tr...

Differential diagnosis of inflammatory skin disease sometimes represents a challenge. We provide an overview of our first clinical experience of skin imaging, using a prototype for non‐contact remote (NCR) digital dermoscopy1 as a non‐invasive approach for differential diagnosis of common inflammatory skin diseases. Technical characteristics of our...

Background: The Atopic Dermatitis TREATgermany registry was initiated by the German Society for Dermatology (DDG) in 2011 to evaluate the "real-life" situation of health care for patients with AD. Objectives: Interim data analysis on baseline characteristics as well as current and prescribed systemic treatments of the TREATgermany registry patie...

Die Zulassung von Dupilumab als erstes Biologikum markiert den Anfang eines neuen Zeitalters in der Behandlung der mittelschweren bis schweren atopischen Dermatitis. Dieser Artikel liefert einen Einblick in neue Erkenntnisse zur Pathogenese mit Implikationen für die Therapie, Daten zur Therapieversorgung in Deutschland sowie aktuelle Entwicklungen...

Purpose of review: This review summarizes the mode of action of IL-4 and IL-13 in skin allergy, upcoming therapeutics and depicts key outcomes of the latest clinical trials. Recent findings: Atopic dermatitis is considered to be one of the most common inflammatory skin disease in industrialized countries. Accompanied by strong pruritus, atopic d...

Featured Application This work reports on a new non-contact dermatoscope targeting at improved examination and documentation of skin diseases through enhanced functionality compared to conventional contact-based systems. Abstract Dermatoscopes are routinely used in skin cancer screening but are rarely employed for the diagnosis of other skin condi...

Background Clinical registries may provide high-quality evidence on the use and effectiveness of therapeutic interventions under real-life conditions. Adults with moderate-to-severe atopic eczema (atopic dermatitis [AD]) are enrolled into TREATgermany and prospectively followed over at least 2 years. This paper analyses the association between derm...

Background Previous studies have indicated that in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and birch pollen allergy related foods are able to cause a late eczematous response. However, the relevance of AD worsening by ingestion of birch pollen‐related foods is still a matter of debate. Objective The purpose of this retrospective study was to determin...

Atopic eczema is a chronic recurrent inflammatory skin disease characterized by intensive pruritus and a high burden of disease. Based on a genetically determined skin barrier dysfunction, xerosis cutis and a tendency towards microbial skin infections are the leading clinical features. Mild and moderate disease manifestations are common, and usuall...

In schweren Fällen einer atopischen Dermatitis (AD) ist eine Systemtherapie indiziert. Bislang waren für diese Indikation lediglich Ciclosporin und systemische Glukokortikosteroide zugelassen. Daneben liegen mittlerweile positive Erfahrungen aus der Praxis zum (Off‑label‑)Einsatz von weiteren Wirkstoffen, wie Mycophenolsäure, Methotrexat, Alitretin...

Die atopische Dermatitis (AD) ist eine chronisch entzündliche Hauterkrankung mit einer 1‑Jahres-Prävalenz im Erwachsenenalter von 2–3 %. Zur Verbesserung der ambulanten Versorgungssituation dieser Patienten wurde durch die Arbeitsgemeinschaft Neurodermitisschulung im Erwachsenenalter (ARNE) im Rahmen einer nationalen randomisierten, kontrollierten...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) represents a chronic inflammatory skin disease showing a 1-year prevalence of 2 - 3% during adulthood. In a national randomized, controlled multicenter study initiated by the "Arbeitsgemeinschaft Neurodermitisschulung im Erwachsenenalter" (ARNE) a program for structured patient education conducted by a multi-professional team...

Background: Dental technicians (DTs) are at increased risk for allergic contact sensitization. Objectives: To assess the current spectrum of occupational sensitization in DTs with occupational contact dermatitis (OCD). Methods: A retrospective analysis of Information Network of Departments of Dermatology patch test data from the years 2001-201...

Dermoscopy systems that do not require direct skin contact open up the possibility to overcome limitations of established dermoscopes and promote application of this diagnostic tool beyond skin cancer screening. In this work, we present a non-contact remote digital dermoscope with large field of view, high resolution and true color imaging. We repo...

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a complex pathogenesis and different exogenous and endogenous trigger factors. One important factor is the sensitization to inhalant and/or food allergens. The detection of total IgE and specific IgE antibodies to inhalant and/or food allergens is one central aspect in diagnosing atopic...

Background: Textile dyes, rubber, elements or textile resins carry the risk of inducing allergic contact sensitization. Objectives: To assess clinical data and patch test results for dermatitis patients with suspected textile allergy. Methods: A retrospective analysis of Information Network of Departments of Dermatology data of the years 2007-...

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing skin disease prevalent in 1-3% of adults in Western industrialized countries. Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of educational training in an outpatient setting on coping with the disease, quality of life (QoL), symptoms and severity in adults with AD. Methods: In this German...

The pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) is multi-factorial and complex. Consequently, clinical signs and symptoms vary strongly depending on individually relevant trigger factors and the stage of the disease. So far, treatment of AD was commonly limited to topical treatment or, in more severe cases, to systemic drugs mostly approved for other in...

Purpose of review: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease. In the presence of a complex genetic background, there is increasing evidence for the role of specific allergenic trigger factors in perpetuating skin inflammation in sensitized atopic dermatitis patients. In this review, clinical and in-vitro data so far publis...

Background: Hereditary factors may influence individual susceptibility to contact allergy (CA). Objectives: To investigate genetic variants with impacts on early inflammatory reactions and T cell functions that possibly increase the risk of CA. Patients and methods: Three hundred and seventy two patients undergoing patch testing were recruited...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) represents a pruritic, non-contagious, chronic or chronically relapsing, inflammatory skin disease. The course of the disease may be complicated by bacterial or viral superinfections. The first manifestation of the disease and further flare-ups are due to genetic predisposition and also to a variety of further trigger factors...

Bei dem Krankheitsbild der Neurodermitis handelt es sich um eine chronische oder chronisch-rezidivierende nicht kontagiöse, entzündliche Hauterkrankung mit in der Regel starkem Juckreiz. Darüber hinaus besteht ein Risiko für komplizierte Verläufe mit bakteriellen oder viralen Superinfektionen. Sowohl die genetische Prädisposition als auch zahlreich...

In atopic dermatitis (AD), the skin inflammation is believed to occur due to a misdirected immune reaction against harmless antigens on the one hand, and to a disturbed skin barrier on the other. In recent years, vast efforts have been made to investigate the relevance and details of the immune response to allergens. Clinically, it was demonstrated...

Autoreactivity may play a critical role in the chronification of atopic dermatitis (AD). Several studies showed that AD patients produce IgE Abs specific for autoantigens, and we described Th as well as CD8(+) T cells specific for the autoallergen Hom s 2, the α-chain of the nascent polypeptide-associated complex (α-NAC). This study aimed to invest...

Zusammenfassung Bei dem Krankheitsbild der Neurodermitis handelt es sich um eine chronische oder chronisch‐rezidivierende, nichtkontagiöse, entzündliche Hauterkrankung mit in der Regel starkem Juckreiz. Darüber hinaus besteht ein Risiko für komplizierte Verläufe mit bakteriellen oder viralen Superinfektionen. Sowohl die genetische Prädisposition al...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) represents a pruritic, non‐contagious, chronic or chronically relapsing, inflammatory skin disease. The course of the disease may be complicated by bacterial or viral superinfections. The first manifestation of the disease and further flare‐ups are due to genetic predisposition and also to a variety of further trigger factors...

Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über aktuelle Studienergebnisse zur Prävention einer atopischen Dermatitis (AD) und von Sensibilisierungen im Kindesalter. Unter „dermatologischem Blickwinkel“ werden Empfehlungen der aktuellen Leitlinie zur Prävention allergischer Erkrankungen aufgegriffen und darüber hinaus praxisrelevante Studiendaten...

During the last decade numerous studies focusing on strategies in primary prevention of allergic diseases have been published which are characterized by a broad variety of study concepts and hypotheses. However, for life-style risk factors such as consumption of tobacco or overweight specific effects on inflammation have now been observed also for...

It has frequently been speculated that pruritus and skin lesions develop after topical exposure to aeroallergens in sensitized patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). We sought to study cutaneous reactions to grass pollen in adult patients with AD with accompanying clear IgE sensitization to grass allergen in an environmental challenge chamber using...

Abbreviations: AD, atopic dermatitis; Der p, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus; HDM, house dust mite; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; MHC, major histocompatibility complex; PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell; SCORAD, scoring atopic dermatitis; TLR, toll-like receptor

Resistance to bacterial skin infections, e.g. with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), is based on the function of intact innate immune mechanisms. Toll-like receptors represent a family of (currently) 10 receptors in humans with distinct recognition profiles (1). In this context, TLR-2 which is expressed on monocytes has emerged as a principle rece...

The saprophytic yeast Malassezia sympodialis is a member of the skin microflora of healthy as well as of diseased skin. Skin colonization with Malassezia species can be found particularly in a subgroup of adult patients with AD, but may already be detected in diseased infants and children. However, specific characteristics of colonisation significa...

Due to a broad variety of extrinsic trigger factors, patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) are characterized by complex response mechanisms of the adaptive immune system. Notably, skin colonization with Staphylococcus aureus seems to be of particular interest since not only exotoxins, but also other proteins of S. aureus can induce specific humoral...

Patient education in atopic dermatitis (AD) represents an essential therapeutic tool, which should be offered in addition to routine care, since previous studies have revealed that AD outpatients are often insufficiently treated and show severe limitations of quality of life. Considering the multifactorial pathogenesis of this chronic skin disease,...

Background: We have shown previously that T cells from atopic dermatitis (AD) patients produce more IL-22 upon staphylococcal exotoxin stimulation compared to psoriasis patients and healthy controls. The role of staphylococcal exotoxins on polarized memory T helper (Th)22 cells which are enriched in inflamed AD skin remains elusive. Our aim was to...

Nahrungsmittelallergien und atopische Dermatitis (AD) können gleichzeitig bei atopischen Individuen manifest werden. Etwa 30 % aller Kinder mit einer moderaten bis schwereren AD sind nicht nur gegen Nahrungsmittel sensibilisiert, sondern reagieren auch klinisch mit Symptomen vom Soforttyp auf bestimmte Nahrungsmittel. Unabhängig hiervon vermuten vi...

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis patients are frequently colonized with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) that produce the staphylococcal exotoxin α-toxin. However, only patients with AD suffer from bacterial superinfections with this pathogen, which implicates immunological differences in AD vs psoriasis in combating these bacteri...

Autoallergy is a phenomenon found in a subgroup of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). These patients exhibit serum IgE reactivity towards autoantigens like α-NAC (Hom s 2). α-NAC has been shown before to induce T cell proliferation and secretion of IFN-γ. To elucidate the immune modulating functions α-NAC may exert, we analyzed its effects on cy...

Abbreviations: AD, atopic dermatitis; α-NAC, the alpha-chain of the nascent polypeptide–associated complex; DC, dendritic cell; IDEC, inflammatory dendritic epidermal cell; LC, Langerhans cell; PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell; TLR, Toll-like receptor

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a complex pathogenesis and different exogenous and endogenous trigger factors. One important factor is the sensitisation to inhalant and/or food allergens. The detection of total IgE and specific IgE antibodies to inhalant and/or food allergens is one central aspect in diagnosing atopic...

Food allergy predominantly affects children rather than adult patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Early sensitization to foods has been found to be significantly associated with AD. Three different patterns of clinical reactions to food allergens in AD patients exist: i. immediate-type reaction, ii. isolated late-type reaction, iii. combined reac...

Von Nahrungsmittelallergien sind deutlich mehr Kinder als erwachsene Patienten mit atopischer Dermatitis (AD) betroffen. Sensibilisierungen in frühester Kindheit sind signifikant häufiger mit einer AD assoziiert. Drei verschiedene klinische Reaktionsmuster sind bei Patienten mit AD zu unterscheiden: i. eine Soforttypreaktion, ii. eine isolierte Spä...