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Publications (42)
The timing of recurring biological and seasonal environmental events is changing on a global scale relative to temperature and other climate drivers. This study considers the Gulf of Maine ecosystem, a region of high social and ecological importance in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean and synthesizes current knowledge of (a) key seasonal processes, pat...
Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis) in the northeastern United States have long held a position of near reverence among both fishermen and culinary enthusiasts alike, beginning with the arrival of the pilgrims to the New World. The fish were abundant, and their anadromous behavior made them easily available to fishermen. In 1634 colonist William Wood (...
Estimated trends in relative stock abundance are a primary input to fish stock assessments. Accurate and precise estimates are essential for successful conservation and management. Scientifically designed data collection ensures that estimates of relative abundance are unbiased. However, the statistical efficiency of a design-based estimator may be...
To improve knowledge of goosefish Lophius americanus' reproductive biology, females were collected during 2009-2012 from the Mid-Atlantic Bight shelf region of the U.S. east coast. Batch fecundity increased with total length (LT ), from 229 100 to 2 243 300 mature oocytes per female (LT range: 55·5-112 cm; n = 54). This estimate of fecundity at LT...
Pandalus species display the following features that make it difficult to apply traditional age-based stock assessment models: (i) difficulty of determining age in the absence of hard parts retained through the molt; (ii) sex change in which individuals mature first as males and then transform to females; and (iii) potentially strong influence of e...
Integrated, size-structured stock assessment models are now being used widely for assessment and management of hard-to-age species. However, few studies have attempted to evaluate their performance. A seasonal, size-structured assessment model with environmental covariates has been developed for hermaphroditic Pandalidae. We conducted simulations t...
The northern shrimp Pandalus borealis is at its southern limit in the Gulf of Maine (GOM), and recruitment success is higher in years with relatively cool water temperature. However, the mechanisms for the temperature effect are not clear. We used rolling window analysis of daily satellite data to identify critical periods for early life survival o...
In its annual stock assessment update for northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) in the Gulf of Maine, the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission's Northern Shrimp Technical Committee recommended that the 2015 shrimp fishery remain closed, due to low stock abundance.
The northern shrimp Pandalus borealis reaches the southern limit of its distribution in the Gulf of Maine (GoM), where it supports a locally important fishery and is an important component of the food web. Previous studies have shown that water temperatures affect recruitment of GoM northern shrimp, with higher larval survival in colder years. Temp...
Fourteen Alle alle (Dovekie) were recovered from the stomachs of 14 Lophius americanus (Goosefish) caught during winter and spring 2007–2010. All fish were caught in gill nets set at depths of 85–151 m (276–491 ft) 104–150 km (65–94 mi) south of Chatham, MA. Dovekies showed few signs of digestion by the fish, indicating recent capture. Post mortem...
The northern shrimp Pandalus borealis is an important prey species in North Atlantic marine systems and is the target of major fisheries. It reaches its southern limit of distribution in the western Gulf of Maine (GOM), where temperature is thought to play an important role in its stock dynamics. We examined recruitment dynamics of northern shrimp...
The American goosefish (Lophius americanus), also known as monkfish, supports a valuable commercial fishery in the Northeastern United States. Despite this commercial importance, many details of goosefish reproductive biology and behavior remain unknown. In the western North Atlantic Ocean goosefish are believed to migrate seasonally in an onshore-...
The northern shrimp Pandalus borealis reaches the southern limit of its distribution in the Gulf of Maine, USA. Previous studies have revealed geographic clines in northern shrimp population parameters (growth, maturity, longevity) which co-vary with environmental temperature, and laboratory studies have confirmed temperature effects. In this study...
Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) annual assessment update and recommendations for the 2012 fishing season in the Gulf of Maine, by the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission's Northern Shrimp Technical Committee
The American monkfish (Lophius americanus) supports one of the most lucrative fisheries in the northwest Atlantic Ocean. Despite a paucity of life history, genetic or behavioral data, monkfish management in the US divides the species range into Northern and Southern Management Areas (NMA and SMA). However, little is known of stock structure, an und...
The purpose of this study was to develop archival tagging methods for goosefish Lophius americanus (more commonly known as monkfish), a species thought to be highly susceptible to capture and tagging mortality and very difficult to maintain in captivity. Archival tags were implanted subcutaneously near the second dorsal fin using sanitary surgical...
American lobsters (Homarus americanus) and Jonah crabs (Cancer borealis) inhabit rocky subtidal areas where they take shelter in crevices or burrows. In previous studies, lobsters dominated crabs of equivalent size in competition for shelter; however, we predicted that large crabs could dominate small lobsters. SCUBA surveys revealed a broad overla...
The relative recent growth rate (as marginal scale circulus width) of juvenile striped bass (Morone saxatilis) was faster in the oligohaline region of the Delaware River (near the turbidity maximum) than further upstream. Stable isotope analyses (delta(13)C and delta(15)N) of the same fish suggested that this difference in growth rate is associated...
The influence of water temperature on monkfish (Lophius americanus V.) distribution from 1968-2008 was investigated using data collected during fishery-independent bottom trawl surveys conducted during autumn and spring by the NOAA Northeast Fisheries Science Center in U.S. continental shelf regions of the Northwest Atlantic. We used centers of mon...
The American monkfish (Lophius americanus) supports one of the most lucrative fin fisheries in the northwest Atlantic Ocean. Despite a paucity of life history, genetic or behavioral data, monkfish management in the US divides the species range into Northern and Southern Management Areas (NMA and SMA). However, little is known of stock structure, an...
Climate change could lead to mismatches between the reproductive cycles of marine organisms and their planktonic food. We
tested this hypothesis by comparing shrimp (Pandalus borealis) egg hatching times and satellite-derived phytoplankton bloom dynamics throughout the North Atlantic. At large spatial and
long temporal (10 years or longer) scales,...
Satellite remotely-sensed data are now widely used in fisheries oceanography (Cantos, 2000), but their use in stock assessments is just beginning. In fact, the incorporation of environmental data of any kind into stock assessment models has rarely been achieved successfully, for several inter-related reasons. First, assessments have traditionally t...
Richards, R. A., Nitschke, P. C., and Sosebee, K. A. 2008. Population biology of monkfish Lophius americanus. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 1291–1305.
This paper provides an overview of the biology of monkfish in US waters of the Northwest Atlantic Ocean using data from resource
surveys spanning the period 1948–2007. Monkfish exhibited seas...
Johnson, A. K., Richards, R. A., Cullen, D. W., and Sutherland, S. J. 2008. Growth, reproduction, and feeding of large monkfish, Lophius americanus. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 1306–1315.
The American monkfish, Lophius americanus, supports important commercial fisheries in the Northwest Atlantic. Although life history information is avail...
The Nordmore grate is a by-catch excluder device that has been required in the Gulf of Maine Northern shrimp Pandalus borealis trawl fishery since April 1992. We evaluated the effectiveness of the Nordmore grate in the Gulf of Maine Northern shrimp fishery using data collected by fishery observers before and after the Nordmore grate was required. T...
Stocks of anadromous striped bass Morone saxatilis of the Atlantic coast have sup-ported important fisheries since colonial times. Commercial landings reached a record high in 1973, then declined by almost 90% during the following decade. Juvenile production by the Chesapeake Bay stock, a major contributor to coastal fisheries, was depressed during...
We examined scales of wild striped bass Morone saxatilis to determine whether scale morphology differs systematically among three Atlantic coast stocks and thus could be used for stock discrimination. Morphological variables investigated included Fourier coefficients, ratio shape descriptors (circularity, rectangularity), truss networks, perimeter...
We used scale morphology to discriminate wild Atlantic striped bass Morone saxatilis from the Hudson River, Chesapeake Bay, and the Roanoke River. Morphological features used were perimeter shape as described by Fourier analysis, rectangularity, width and spacing of the first 10 circuli, and patterns of partitioning of the scale interior. Performan...
Managers of migratory striped bass stocks that mix along the Atlantic coast of the USA require periodic estimates of the relative contributions of the individual stocks to coastal mixed-stock fisheries; however, to date, a standard approach has not been adopted. We compared the performances of alternative stock identification approaches, using samp...
Despite the importance of the recreational fishery for striped bass Morone saxatilis along the eastern coast of the United States, little is known about the survival rates of caught and released striped bass. We predicted long-term (58-d) hooking mortality of striped bass after catch and release in saltwater using a logistic regression model. Exper...
Ontogenetic changes in behaviour and habitat use of Jonah crabs Cancer borealis Stimpson were examined as part of a study on habitat competition between Jonah crabs and American lobsters Homarus americanus Milne-Edwards. Crabs, lobsters and predatory fish (Tautoga onitis Linnaeus) were placed in large circular tanks, each containing three “habitats...
Spider crabs Libinia spp. are a problem when caught in lobster traps because they have no market value, consume bait, occupy space in the trap, and increase trap-processing time. We conducted fishing experiments in which freshly crushed spider crabs were added to the bait in lobster traps. This treatment significantly reduced the catch of spider cr...
Monkfish (Lophius americanus) support im portant commercial fisheries in the Northwest Atlantic. Although life history information is available for smaller monkfish, the biology of large monkfish is poorly understood. During 2006 and 2007, we collected 598 monkfish 69 cm and larger (maximum size 118 cm) from commercial gillnet fishermen operating i...
