Anne-Charlotte Vaissière

CNRS (French National Center for Scientific Research) · Ecologie, Systématique, et Evolution (ESE), CNRS, AgroParisTech, Univ Paris-Sud, Univ Paris-Saclay

This paper describes and analyzes the risks associated with using mitigation banking for the conservation of wet- lands in Florida in the United States. First, we attempt to identify and summarize the main ecological and socio- economic risks regarding mitigation banking that have been discussed in previous studies. Then we analyze the institutiona...

Limiter autant que possible les impacts sur les milieux humides est une obligation pour tout projet d’aménagement devant faire l’objet d’une autorisation. En cas d’impacts résiduels négatifs significatifs, des mesures compensatoires permettant de rétablir la qualité environnementale de la zone impactée à un niveau au moins équivalent à son état ini...

Aedes -borne diseases, such as dengue, chikungunya and Zika are caused by viruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus , producing an enormous public health burden and a lesser-known economic impact. We present a reliable, up-to-date, standardized and easily updatable global-scale synthesis of studies reporting the economic costs cause...

The practice of plant translocations to mitigate the deleterious human effects on biodiversity has been increasing over the last decades. In France, although translocations are planned as conservation actions, there is no study that reviews conservation and protection status of translocated species, or that examines the identified threats to the po...

The management of invasive alien species (IAS) is complex and requires consideration of intertwined ecological and economic dimensions. Given the wide variety of costing purposes and practices, and the associated risk of misunderstandings and/or miscommunication of their impacts which may jeopardize perceptions and management, there is an urgent ne...

1. The reported costs of invasive alien species from the global database InvaCost are heterogenous and cover different spatio‐temporal scales. A standard procedure for aggregating invasive species cost estimates is necessary to ensure the repeatability and comparativeness of studies. 2. We introduce here the invacost R package, an open‐source softw...

Les sites naturels de compensation ouvrent une modalité de compensation écologique nouvelle dans les pratiques françaises. En permettant d’anticiper la réalisation des mesures, en visant des gains écologiques cumulés importants sur un site divisé en unités de compensation et agréé par l'État et sur un temps supérieur à trente ans, c'est une nouvell...

Alors qu’elle occupe une part croissante du débat public ces dernières années, la séquence « Éviter-Réduire-Compenser » est un instrument de l’action publique ayant pour objectif une non-perte nette de biodiversité lors d’opérations d’aménagement du territoire. Avec l’adoption de la loi pour la reconquête de la biodiversité, de la nature et des pay...

Organisé le 15 décembre 2020, le colloque « Sites naturels de compensation : quels freins et perspectives ? » a fait le point des opportunités et des écueils rencontrés lors de la mise en œuvre, en France et à l'étranger, de dispositifs de compensation par l'offre. Vous trouverez dans ce numéro de la revue Sciences Eaux & Territoires la valorisatio...

It is increasingly common for developers to be asked to manage the impacts of their projects on biodiversity by restoring other degraded habitats that are ecologically equivalent to those that are impacted. These measures, called biodiversity offsets, generally aim to achieve ‘no net loss’ (NNL) of biodiversity. Using spatially-explicit modeling, d...

Biological invasions are responsible for substantial biodiversity declines as well as high economic losses to society and monetary expenditures associated with the management of these invasions1,2. The InvaCost database has enabled the generation of a reliable, comprehensive, standardized and easily updatable synthesis of the monetary costs of biol...

Although the number of plant translocations has been rapidly increasing for two decades, no study is available to date that examines the directions and distances of plant displacements, which is essential (though not sufficient) information for considering translocations as a management tool to enable species to cope with the consequences of climat...

Ecological compensation is a principle according to which negative impacts on biodiversity should be compensated for. Biodiversity offsetting (BO) is the requirement to compensate quantified losses by quantified biodiversity gains considered to be equivalent. Compensation policies reducing ecological compensation to BO overlook the fact that the no...

Aim Large-scale datasets are becoming increasingly available for macroecological research from different disciplines. However, learning their specific extraction and analytical requirements can become prohibitively time-consuming for researchers. We argue that this issue can be tackled with the provision of methodological frameworks published in op...

Biological invasions are responsible for tremendous impacts globally, including huge economic losses and management expenditures. Efficiently mitigating this major driver of global change requires the improvement of public awareness and policy regarding its substantial impacts on our socio-ecosystems. One option to contribute to this overall object...

Biodiversity Offsets (BO) and Payments for Environmental Services (PES) are sometimes used interchangeably to characterize innovative economic tools to conserve or restore biodiversity, ecosystems, or their services. We assume that a confusion between PES and BO can have negative implications for biodiversity conservation. In this paper, we argue t...

The mitigation hierarchy was introduced in 1976 in the first French and German laws on nature protection. While planned and pooled compensation organizations appeared in Germany at the end of the 1990s, it was not until the beginning of 2010 in France that we observed a shift towards a more pooled (mitigation banks institutionalized in 2016 in the...

Alors qu’il n’y a pas de modèle d’action standardisé en France, les expériences de l’Allemagne et des Etats-Unis dont les pratiques sont plus anciennes, permettent d’apporter de nouveaux éclairages : des accents sont mis sur la planification territoriale via le code de l’urbanisme, une distinction est faite entre la biodiversité ordinaire et la bio...

Les mesures compensatoires des atteintes à la biodiversité (MC) sont des actions assurant des gains écologiques au moins équivalents aux pertes subies à la suite d’un projet d’aménagement. La loi Biodiversité d’août 2016 rend plus coercitif le cadre des MC. Alors que 59,5 % du territoire français est dédié aux pratiques agricoles, les agriculteurs...

Biodiversity offsets (BO) are activities that provide measurable ecological gains that are equivalent to the ecological losses induced by development projects. The law on biodiversity voted in August 2016 introduces a more coercive framework of BO. Providedthat59,5%oftheFrenchtemtoryisdedicatedtoaghculturalactivities, farmers should become major pl...

Analyser l’efficacité d’une politique publique implique d’adopter une démarche normative, c’est-à-dire de définir « ce qui doit être » pour ensuite discuter du meilleur chemin pour y arriver. Dans le cadre de la compensation écologique, cet objectif est défini par l’atteinte de l’équivalence entre les pertes liées à un projet et les gains liés aux...

Biodiversity Offsetting (BO) is aimed at achieving no net loss of biodiversity in the context of economic development. Through a choice experiment in northern France, we show that farmers have a clear preference for not signing up BO contracts. The contracts they accept may only be suitable for offsetting temporary impacts on already degraded areas...

The mitigation hierarchy has been at the heart of French environmental regulations since the EIA process was introduced in 1976. Its application, however, has been patchy, especially concerning compensation for impacts on wildlife. New mechanisms have been put in place and trialed over the last few years so that France now has one of the most compr...

Wetland mitigation banking (WMB) is an organizational form that attempts to balance the ecological goals of wetland conservation and the economic goals of development with the aim of improving the implementation of wetland offsetting. Given the resulting tension, it is important to understand how the way stakeholders employ the WMB regulatory frame...

The Visual_HEA software tool was created in 2006 to facilitate the assessment of losses and gains in ecosystem services related to compensatory mitigation under the United States National Resource Damage Assessment Act (NRDA). Habitat Equivalency Analysis (HEA) is an ecological equivalence assessment method under NRDA that can be performed using th...

Messages clés · La compensation doit recourir à de meilleures pratiques de restauration s’appuyant sur la littérature grise et les projets existants et sur des méthodes d’évaluation standardisées. · Des solutions alternatives (out-of-kind, actions de préservation) sont de plus en plus utilisées mais les risques associés doivent être analysés. · Le...

Les mesures compensatoires sont devenues ces dernières années un outil de gestion majeur dans la conservation de la biodiversité. Elles sont de plus en plus utilisées dans les nouvelles réglementations environnementales. Ce concept de compensation environnementale soulève de nombreux enjeux qui intéressent autant l’écologue, le géographe, l’économi...

La compensation écologique, envisagée dans le respect de la séquence éviter-réduire-compenser les impacts, cherche à apporter des réponses à la crise actuelle d’érosion de la biodiversité. L’objectif de la thèse est de comprendre quels sont les enjeux organisationnels et institutionnels de la mise en œuvre du principe de compensation écologique pou...

Biodiversity offset, as the last step of the mitigation hierarchy (avoid/reduce/offset), aims to address the current biodiversity loss crisis. The main goal of this PhD, which relies on the new institutional economics approach as a theoretical framework, is to understand the organizational and institutional issues of implementing biodiversity offse...

The European Union׳s energy policy aims to increase the proportion of energy derived from renewable sources in Europe. Marine renewable energy, offshore wind energy especially, contributes to the renewable energy mix. Offshore wind farms appear to be clean, and are supported by governments and NGOs as a way to reduce the use of conventional energy...

The aim of this paper is to compare different maintenance costs of ecosystem service arising from a hypothetical case of environmental damage in order to help to understand how the different ecosystem services are considered in decision making processes. Compensatory measures are aimed precisely at maintaining the level of supply of ecosystem servi...